Report V (1) Ending violence and harassment against women and men in the world of work International ATTENTION Labour This report contains a questionnaire which, in accordance with Article 39 of the Standing Orders of the International Conference Labour Conference, calls for a reply from Governments, after consultation with the most representative 107th Session, 2018 organizations of employers and workers. The replies to this questionnaire must reach the Office no later than 22 September 2017. They will form the basis of the background report for the ILC discussion. ILC.107/V/1 International Labour Conference, 107th Session, 20 18 Report V(1) Ending violence and harassment against women and men in the world of work Fifth item on the agenda International Labour Office, Geneva ISBN 978-92-2-128711-7 (print) ISBN 978-92-2-128722-3 (Web pdf) ISSN 0074-6681 __________________________________________________________________________________________ First edition 2017 The designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity with United Nations practice, and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the International Labour Office concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers. 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Formatted by TTE: reference CONFREP-ILC107(2018)-V(1)-[WORKQ-170221-1]-En.docx Printed by the International Labour Office, Geneva, Switzerland Contents Page Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1 Context ..................................................................................................................... 1 Purpose and methodology of the current report ........................................................ 3 Instructions for the appended questionnaire .............................................................. 4 Chapter 1. Understanding violence and harassment in the world of work: What, who, where ...................................................................................... 5 1.1. What constitutes violence and harassment in the world of work? ................... 5 1.1.1. Violence ............................................................................................ 8 1.1.2. Gender-based violence ..................................................................... 10 1.1.3. Physical violence and harassment ..................................................... 13 1.1.4. Psychological violence and harassment ............................................ 14 1.1.5. Psychosocial risks ............................................................................. 16 1.2. Who is involved in violence and harassment in the world of work? ................. 17 1.2.1. Who is covered under national laws addressing violence and harassment in the world of work? ............................................... 17 1.3. Where does violence and harassment occur in the world of work?................. 19 1.3.1. “Workplace” under national laws addressing world of work violence and harassment ................................................................... 20 Chapter 2. Understanding violence and harassment in the world of work: Impact, drivers, risk factors and particular groups ...................................... 23 2.1. Prevalence of violence and harassment in the world of work.......................... 24 2.1.1. Sexual violence and harassment ....................................................... 24 2.1.2. Sex and gender-based violence and harassment .............................. 25 2.1.3. Physical violence and harassment ..................................................... 25 2.1.4. Psychological violence and harassment ............................................ 25 2.2. Impact of violence and harassment in the world of work ................................. 26 2.2.1. Impact on workers ............................................................................. 26 2.2.2. Impact on enterprises and economies ............................................... 27 2.3. Risk factors for violence and harassment in the world of work ........................ 29 2.4. Specific groups, sectors and occupations that may experience greater exposure to violence and harassment ................................................ 30 ILC.107/V/1 iii Ending violence and harassment against women and men in the world of work Chapter 3. International and regional frameworks addressing violence and harassment in the world of work ................................................................ 33 3.1. ILO standards that address violence and harassment in the world of work ..... 33 3.1.1. ILO fundamental Conventions ........................................................... 33 3.1.2. Other ILO standards .......................................................................... 35 3.2. ILO conclusions and frameworks ................................................................... 38 3.3. United Nations instruments and supervisory mechanisms .............................. 39 3.4. Other United Nations’ initiatives ..................................................................... 40 3.5. Regional instruments...................................................................................... 41 3.6. Initiatives of international, regional and sectoral, workers’ and employers’ organizations ......................................................................... 42 3.7. Initiatives of international and regional OSH and labour inspection bodies ..... 44 Chapter 4. National regulatory framework for protecting against violence and harassment in the world of work ................................................................ 45 4.1. Gender-based violence in the world of work ................................................... 45 4.1.1. Protecting against sexual violence and harassment .......................... 46 4.1.2. Protecting against violence and harassment based on sex and gender ............................................................................. 48 4.1.3. Responding to domestic violence through the world of work .............. 49 4.2. Physical and psychological violence and harassment in the world of work ..... 52 4.2.1. Protecting against physical violence and harassment ........................ 53 4.2.2. Protecting against psychological violence: Harassment, bullying and mobbing .................................................... 54 4.2.3. Measures for specific groups ............................................................. 56 4.3. Collective agreements which protect against violence and harassment in the world of work and support victims of domestic violence ........................ 59 Chapter 5. National regulatory framework preventing violence and harassment in the world of work .................................................................................... 63 5.1. Preventing sexual harassment ....................................................................... 63 5.2. Preventing physical violence and harassment ................................................ 64 5.3. Preventing psychological violence: Harassment, bullying and mobbing ......... 65 5.4. Regulating working conditions in specific sectors and economies .................. 67 5.4.1. Health-care sector ............................................................................. 68 5.4.2. Public emergency services ................................................................ 69 5.4.3. Education sector ................................................................................ 69 5.4.4. Transport services ............................................................................. 69 5.4.5. Domestic work ................................................................................... 70 5.4.6. Agriculture and the rural economy ..................................................... 70 5.4.7. Temporary agency work and other non-standard forms of employment ................................................................................... 71 5.4.8. Workers in the informal economy ...................................................... 71 5.5. Addressing psychosocial hazards and risks ................................................... 72 5.5.1. OSH management systems and psychosocial risks........................... 73 5.6. Collective agreements on the prevention of violence and harassment in the world of work ..................................................................... 75 iv ILC.107/V/1 Contents Chapter 6. Monitoring and enforcement ...................................................................... 77 6.1. Monitoring violence and harassment .............................................................. 77 6.2. Dispute resolution mechanisms ...................................................................... 78 6.2.1. Workplace grievance procedures for violence and harassment ......... 78 6.2.2.