FLORA OF NEW ZEALAND MOSSES DICRANACEAE A.J. FIFE Fascicle 42 – FEBRUARY 2019 © Landcare Research New Zealand Limited 2019. Unless indicated otherwise for specific items, this copyright work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence Attribution if redistributing to the public without adaptation: “Source: Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research” Attribution if making an adaptation or derivative work: “Sourced from Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research” See Image Information for copyright and licence details for images. CATALOGUING IN PUBLICATION Fife, Allan J. (Allan James), 1951– Flora of New Zealand : mosses. Fascicle 42, Dicranaceae / Allan J. Fife. -- Lincoln, N.Z. : Manaaki Whenua Press, 2019. 1 online resource ISBN 978-0-947525-54-5 (pdf) ISBN 978-0-478-34747-0 (set) 1.Mosses -- New Zealand -- Identification. I. Title. II. Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research New Zealand Ltd. UDC 582.344.26(931) DC 588.20993 DOI: 10.7931/B1Y026 This work should be cited as: Fife, A.J. 2019: Dicranaceae. In: Smissen, R.; Wilton, A.D. Flora of New Zealand – Mosses. Fascicle 42. Manaaki Whenua Press, Lincoln. http://dx.doi.org/10.7931/B1Y026 Date submitted: 4 Oct 2017; Date accepted: 2 Jul 2018 Cover image: Dicranoloma plurisetum, shoot with capsules, dry. Drawn by Rebecca Wagstaff from A.J. Fife 8581, CHR 464928. Contents Introduction..............................................................................................................................................1 Typification...............................................................................................................................................1 New Names............................................................................................................................................. 1 Taxa Dicranaceae ..................................................................................................................................... 3 Campylopodium (Müll.Hal.) Besch. ................................................................................................... 5 Campylopodium capillaceum (Hook.f. & Wilson) Fife, comb. nov. .................................................... 6 Campylopodium lineare (Mitt.) Dixon ................................................................................................ 8 Campylopus Brid. .............................................................................................................................. 9 Campylopus bicolor (Müll.Hal.) Hook.f. & Wilson ............................................................................ 12 Campylopus clavatus (R.Br.) Hook.f. & Wilson ............................................................................... 14 Campylopus introflexus (Hedw.) Brid. ............................................................................................. 16 Campylopus kirkii Beckett ............................................................................................................... 19 Campylopus pallidus Hook.f. & Wilson ............................................................................................21 Campylopus purpureocaulis Dusén .................................................................................................24 Dicranella (Müll.Hal.) Schimp. ......................................................................................................... 25 Dicranella cardotii (R.Br.bis) Dixon ..................................................................................................27 Dicranella dietrichiae (Müll.Hal.) A.Jaeger ...................................................................................... 29 Dicranella gracillima (Beckett) Paris ................................................................................................30 Dicranella heteromalla (Hedw.) Schimp. ......................................................................................... 31 Dicranella schreberiana (Hedw.) Hilf. ex H.A.Crum & L.E.Anderson .............................................. 32 Dicranella vaginata (Hook.) Cardot ................................................................................................. 34 Dicranoloma (Renauld) Renauld ..................................................................................................... 36 Dicranoloma billardierei (Brid.) Paris ............................................................................................... 39 Dicranoloma dicarpum (Nees) Paris ................................................................................................41 Dicranoloma fasciatum (Hedw.) Paris ............................................................................................. 43 Dicranoloma menziesii (Taylor) Renauld ......................................................................................... 45 Dicranoloma obesifolium (R.Br.bis) Broth. .......................................................................................48 Dicranoloma platycaulon Dixon ....................................................................................................... 49 Dicranoloma plurisetum Dixon .........................................................................................................51 Dicranoloma robustum (Hook.f. & Wilson) Paris ............................................................................. 53 Dicranum Hedw. .............................................................................................................................. 56 Dicranum leioneuron Kindb. ............................................................................................................ 57 Holomitrium Brid. ............................................................................................................................. 58 Holomitrium perichaetiale (Hook.) Brid. ...........................................................................................59 Holomitrium trichopodum (Mitt.) Klazenga ...................................................................................... 61 Kiaeria I.Hagen ................................................................................................................................63 Kiaeria pumila (Mitt.) Ochyra ........................................................................................................... 64 Kiaeria spenceri (Dixon & Sainsbury) Fife, comb. nov. ................................................................... 66 Mesotus Mitt. ................................................................................................................................... 67 Mesotus celatus Mitt. .......................................................................................................................67 Sclerodontium Schwägr. ..................................................................................................................69 Sclerodontium pallidum (Hook.) Schwägr. .......................................................................................70 Sclerodontium pallidum (Hook.) Schwägr. subsp. pallidum .............................................................70 References ........................................................................................................................................... 73 Conventions ..........................................................................................................................................79 Acknowledgements ...............................................................................................................................82 Plates ....................................................................................................................................................83 Maps ................................................................................................................................................... 114 Index ................................................................................................................................................... 116 Image Information ............................................................................................................................... 118 Introduction The Dicranaceae are a very large and taxonomically complex family of cosmopolitan distribution. An erect habit, lanceolate leaves with a well-developed single costa, usually differentiated alar cells, and a single peristome with forked, red, and vertically striolate teeth characterise most of the species in this family. Upwards of 40 genera are currently accepted world-wide, with nine genera recognised in New Zealand. Dicranoloma, with eight species, is the largest genus here. Campylopus, for which only six regional species are accepted, is the most plastic and hence most difficult genus, as it is in many regions. The species concepts presented here are necessarily moderately broad, as some of our genera have been, arguably, overly described. Representatives of the Dicranaceae are some of the most conspicuous and ecologically significant members of the N.Z. bryoflora. Species of the southern hemisphere genus Dicranoloma, for example, form major components of the ground cover in forests throughout the country. New Names The following new combinations are made in accordance with the International Code of Nomenclature for Plants, Algae and Fungi. Campylopodium capillaceum (Hook.f. & Wilson) Fife, comb. nov. TYPE MATERIAL: N.Z., Bay of Islands, J.D. Hooker 322 [herb.