Wheeling Use Attainability Analysis Demonstration Project Final Report Prepared for: ORSANCO Under Subcontract to: USEPA Region 3 9/30/2007 Limno-Tech, Inc. Excellence in Environmental Solutions Since 1975 Ann Arbor, MI Wheeling Use Attainability Analysis Demonstration Project 9/21/2006 DRAFT Report TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 1 1.1 PROJECT OBJECTIVES ................................................................................. 1 1.2 SITE BACKGROUND ..................................................................................... 1 1.3 EXISTING USES AND WATER QUALITY STANDARD CRITERIA ....... 2 1.4 RELATING PROJECT RESULTS TO UAA OPTIONS ................................ 2 2. MODEL DEVELOPMENT ...................................................................................... 6 2.1 DATA ............................................................................................................... 6 2.1.1 DATASETS ................................................................................................. 7 2.1.2 MAJOR FINDINGS .................................................................................... 10 2.2 WATERSHED MODEL ................................................................................. 10 2.2.1 SWMM MODEL DEVELOPMENT ............................................................. 10 2.2.2 COMPARISON TO FLOW DATA ................................................................. 13 2.3 RIVER MODEL ............................................................................................. 14 2.3.1 EFDC MODEL DEVELOPMENT ................................................................ 14 2.3.2 COMPARISON TO WET WEATHER E. COLI DATA ..................................... 15 3. MODEL APPLICATION ....................................................................................... 16 3.1 SUMMARY .................................................................................................... 16 3.2 DEVELOPMENT OF A “TYPICAL” RECREATION SEASON ................. 17 3.3 DEVELOPMENT OF SOURCE REDUCTION SCENARIOS ..................... 18 3.4 BASELINE SOURCE INPUTS ..................................................................... 19 3.5 MODEL RESULTS ........................................................................................ 20 3.5.1 IN-STREAM CONCENTRATIONS ................................................................ 21 3.5.2 EXCEEDANCES OF CURRENT WATER QUALITY STANDARD NUMERIC CRITERIA ............................................................................................. 22 3.5.3 COMPARISON OF MODEL RESULTS TO ADDITIONAL CRITERIA ................ 26 4. MODEL FRAMEWORK ....................................................................................... 29 4.1 SCENARIO CONTROL MENU .................................................................... 30 4.2 VISUALIZE SCENARIO MENU .................................................................. 32 4.2.1 GRAPHICAL DISPLAY OF RESULTS .......................................................... 32 4.2.2 GIS MAP-BASED DISPLAY OF RESULTS .................................................. 37 4.3 EXCEEDANCES MENU ............................................................................... 38 4.3.1 COMPARING MULTIPLE CRITERIA ........................................................... 43 4.3.2 COMPARING MULTIPLE SCENARIOS (TO A SINGLE CRITERIA) ................. 45 4.3.3 COMPARING MULTIPLE VARIABLES ........................................................ 45 4.4 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................... 47 5. NEXT STEPS ......................................................................................................... 48 5.1 DATA NEEDS FOR THIS USE ATTAINABILITY ANALYSIS ................ 48 Limno-Tech, Inc. Page iii P:\Pubs\Misc Scanned Publications\final.doc Wheeling Use Attainability Analysis Demonstration Project 9/21/2006 DRAFT Report 5.2 TRANSFERRING FRAMEWORK TO OTHER OHIO RIVER OR LARGE RIVER COMMUNITIES ............................................................................... 48 6. REFERENCES ....................................................................................................... 51 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2-1. How Data Fits Into Modeling Framework. ................................................6 Figure 2-3. Comparison of Modeled and Observed Flows in Captina Creek. ............14 Figure 4-1. “Simulation Management” Flow Chart. ...................................................29 Figure 4-2. WinEFDC Main Menu. ............................................................................30 Figure 4-3. Scenario Builder Interface........................................................................31 Figure 4-4. Visualize Scenario Interface (spatial animation) .....................................32 Figure 4-5. Visualize Scenario Interface with Labels (Spatial Animation). ...............33 Figure 4-6. Temporal Graphic from the Visualization Scenario Form. ......................34 Figure 4-7. Example of Zooming In on Specified Section of River. ..........................36 Figure 4-8. Map-Based Viewer for Animating Results. .............................................37 Figure 4-9. Map Animation Around Wheeling Island Showing Velocity Vectors. ...38 Figure 4-10. Visualize Exceedance Interface Form. ...................................................40 Figure 4-11. Visualize Exceedance Interface Form with Labels. ...............................41 Figure 4-12. E. coli Exceedances of Current Water Quality Standards. .....................43 Figure 4-13. Example Comparison of E. coli Results to Multiple Criteria ................44 Figure 4-14. Exceedance Comparison for Multiple Scenarios. ..................................45 Figure 4-15. Exceedance Comparison for Multiple Variables. ..................................46 Figure 4-16. Exceedance Comparison for Multiple Variables Using New Velocity Criterion. ..............................................................................................46 LIST OF TABLES Table ES-1. Description of Numeric Criteria Evaluation Options. ..............................2 Table ES-2. Alternate Water Quality Numeric Criteria for E. coli (cfu/100 ml). ........3 Table 1-1. Description of Numeric Criteria Evaluation Options. .................................4 Table 1-2. Alternate Water Quality Numeric Criteria for E. coli. ................................5 Table 2-1. Data Sources for the Wheeling Study Area. ................................................7 Table 2-2. Statistical Summary of Hydrodynamic and Bacteria Data for the Ohio River. ......................................................................................................8 Table 2-3. Tributary Characteristics and Inputs to River Model. ...............................11 Table 2-4. CSO Inputs to the River Model. ................................................................12 Table 3-1. Comparison of 2003 Rainfall (May-Oct.) to Average Historical Characteristics. .....................................................................................18 Table 3-2. Recommended Source Reduction Scenarios. ............................................18 Limno-Tech, Inc. Page iv P:\Pubs\Misc Scanned Publications\final.doc Wheeling Use Attainability Analysis Demonstration Project 9/21/2006 DRAFT Report Table 3-3. 2003 Recreation Season Volume and E. coli Load by Source Type. .........19 Table 3-4. CSO Volume and E.coli Loads by Community. .......................................20 Table 3-5. Key Locations for Evaluating Water Quality Standard Exceedances. ......21 Table 3-6. Typical E.coli concentrations (cfu/100 ml)-Base Scenario. ......................21 Table 3-7. Hours of exceedance of E. coli Single Sample Maximum Water Quality Standard (240 cfu/100 ml) for CSO Reduction Scenarios. ..................22 Table 3-8a. Hours of exceedance of E. coli 240 standard; No Filtering. ....................24 Table 3-8b. Hours of exceedance of E. coli 240 standard; Velocity Filtering. ...........24 Table 3-8c. Hours of exceedance of E. coli 240 standard; Velocity and Rainfall Event Filtering. ...............................................................................................25 Table 3-9. Periods of exceedance of E. coli 130, 30-day rolling average standard. ...25 Table 3-10. Hours of exceedance of velocity standard. ..............................................27 Table 3-11. Hours of Exceedance of E. coli 2,500 criterion.......................................28 Table 4-1. Description of Numeric Criteria Evaluation Options. ...............................39 Table 4-2. Recommended Minimum Computer Requirements for Models and Framework. ..........................................................................................47 Table 5-1. Adapting SWMM Model Input Files to a New Site. .................................49 Table 5-2. Adapting EFDC Model Input Files to a New Site. ....................................49 LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A. Memorandum Describing Reduction Scenarios Appendix B. Response to West Virginia Comments on Draft Report Limno-Tech, Inc. Page iv P:\Pubs\Misc Scanned Publications\final.doc Wheeling Use Attainability Analysis Demonstration Project 9/21/2006 DRAFT Report EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report presents the results of a Demonstration Project to develop a framework for conducting a Use Attainability Analysis