THE IPPERWASH INQUIRY PART I ________________________________ FINAL SUBMISSIONS OF DEB HUTTON ________________________________ Heenan Blaikie LLP Lawyers P.O. Box 185, Suite 2600 200 Bay St. South Tower, Royal Bank Plaza Toronto, Ontario M5J 2J4 Anna Perschy Tel.: (416) 360-3563 Fax: (416) 360-8425 Melissa Panjer Tel. (416) 643-6860 Fax: (416) 360-8425 Adam Goodman Tel.: (416) 643-6857 Fax: (416) 360-8425 Counsel for Deb Hutton TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I – INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................... 1 PART II – BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................ 11 A. RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENT ................................................................................... 11 B. DIVISION OF POWERS.................................................................................................. 12 C. FIRST NATIONS ............................................................................................................. 13 D. LAND CLAIMS IN ONTARIO........................................................................................ 14 E. JUSTICE AND LAW ENFORCEMENT ......................................................................... 17 F. POLICE INDEPENDENCE ............................................................................................. 18 PART III - 1993 AND PRIOR EVENTS ..................................................................................... 21 A. SUMMARY OF FACTUAL EVIDENCE........................................................................ 21 i) Expropriation and Creation of the Canadian Forces Base Ipperwash......................... 21 ii) Divisions within the Band and Attempts to Obtain the Return of the Land................... 22 iii) The Initial Occupation at Camp Ipperwash and Response ........................................... 25 iv) Threatened Occupation of Ipperwash Provincial Park................................................. 29 v) Reaction from the Kettle and Stony Point Band ............................................................ 32 vi) Initial Response of MNR................................................................................................ 34 vii) Interministerial Committee Meeting.............................................................................. 36 viii) OPP Authority and Obligations regarding Camp Ipperwash ....................................... 41 ix) OPP Response to Occupation of Ranges at Camp Ipperwash ...................................... 44 x) Further Threats to Park and Response.......................................................................... 49 B. ANALYSIS AND SUBMISSIONS .................................................................................. 52 i) Actions of the Stoney Point Group................................................................................. 52 ii) Role, Procedures and Position of the OPP ................................................................... 56 iii) Roles, Procedure and Position of the Provincial Government...................................... 60 PART IV – LEAD-UP TO THE PARK OCCUPATION ............................................................ 64 A. SUMMARY OF FACTUAL EVIDENCE........................................................................ 64 i) West Ipperwash Beach................................................................................................... 64 ii) Early Incidents at Camp Ipperwash and Existence of Weapons ................................... 66 iii) Attempts to Resolve Camp Ipperwash Situation and Internal Divisions....................... 68 iv) Increasing Confrontations at Camp Ipperwash ............................................................ 74 v) Further Unsuccessful Attempts to Resolve Camp Ipperwash........................................ 76 vi) Escalation of the Occupation: Takeover of the Barracks.............................................. 77 vii) OPP and MNR Concerns of Further Expansion of Native Occupation ........................ 80 viii) Response of the Band..................................................................................................... 85 ix) Updates to the OPP and to the Provincial Government................................................ 87 x) IMC Meeting of August 2, 1995..................................................................................... 93 xi) Ministerial Briefings and Updates................................................................................. 98 xii) OPP Intelligence, Public Information and Community Reaction ............................... 103 xiii) OPP Plans and Project Maple .................................................................................... 106 xiv) OPP Discussions with MNR ........................................................................................ 113 xv) Preparations for the Occupation................................................................................. 114 B. ANALYSIS AND SUBMISSIONS ................................................................................ 116 i) Position and Actions of the First Nation Peoples........................................................ 116 ii) Positions and Actions of the OPP................................................................................ 119 iii) Position and Actions of the Provincial Government ................................................... 122 PART V – OCCUPATION OF IPPERWASH PROVINCIAL PARK...................................... 125 A. SUMMARY OF FACTUAL EVIDENCE...................................................................... 125 i) September 4 Incidents.................................................................................................. 125 ii) Beginning of the September 1995 Occupation ............................................................ 126 iii) Attempts to Serve Notice of Trespass for Injunction ................................................... 129 iv) Intentions and Conduct of the Occupiers of Ipperwash Provincial Park.................... 133 v) OPP Actions on the Morning of September 5.............................................................. 137 vi) MNR Response............................................................................................................. 141 vii) Discussions at OPP Command Post............................................................................ 144 viii) Events on the Ground .................................................................................................. 148 ix) Updates to Government ............................................................................................... 149 x) IMC Meeting of September 5, 1995............................................................................. 154 xi) Follow-up from the IMC.............................................................................................. 164 xii) Media Reports and Public Concerns........................................................................... 166 xiii) OPP Operations........................................................................................................... 172 xiv) Fox Call with Carson................................................................................................... 176 xv) OPP’s Continued Operations and Injunction.............................................................. 179 xvi) Events on the Ground .................................................................................................. 183 xvii) The Morning of September 6, 1995 ............................................................................. 185 xviii) Media Reports on September 6.................................................................................. 186 xix) Government Meetings on September 6, 1995.............................................................. 190 xx) IMC Meeting of September 6, 1995............................................................................. 194 xxi) Dining Room Meeting.................................................................................................. 204 xxii) Preparation for the Injunction..................................................................................... 207 xxiii) Continued OPP Operations....................................................................................... 214 B. ANALYSIS AND SUBMISSIONS ................................................................................ 217 i) Position and Action of the First Nation Peoples ......................................................... 217 ii) Position and Actions of the OPP ................................................................................. 221 iii) Position and Actions of the Provincial Government ................................................... 223 iii) Involvement of Deb Hutton.......................................................................................... 232 iv) Police Independence.................................................................................................... 241 PART VI – EVENING OF SEPTEMBER 6, 1995 .................................................................... 248 A. SUMMARY OF FACTUAL EVIDENCE...................................................................... 248 i) Residents Meeting in the MNR Parking Lot ................................................................ 248 ii) Wright encounter with Occupiers