Available Online at http://www.recentscientific.com International Journal of CODEN: IJRSFP (USA) Recent Scientific International Journal of Recent Scientific Research Research Vol. 12, Issue, 02 (E), pp. 41066-41068, February, 2021 ISSN: 0976-3031 DOI: 10.24327/IJRSR Research Article ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY IN MID MANAIR DAM, TELANGANA Srinivas L1, Seeta Y2, Srinivas A3, Anjaiah V4 and Manikya Reddy P5 1,4Department in Botany Sree Chaitanya Degree and PG College, Karimnagar 2Department of Environmental Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad 3Department in Botany, SRR Govt. Degree and PG College, Karimnagar 5Department of Botany, Osmania University, Hyderabad DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijrsr.2021.1202.5822 ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: The present paper deals with the assessment of water quality in Mid Manair dam in Rajanna Sircilla district, Telangana. Three sampling stations were selected for the collection of water and algal Received 06th November, 2020 th samples. Water samples from the surface were collected at all the sampling stations in 2L polythene Received in revised form 14 containers at monthly intervals for a period of 2 years from June 2017 to August 2019. All the December, 2020 physico-chemical parameters were well below the permissible limits of fresh water standards Accepted 23rd January, 2021 th prescribed by various International Organizations. The dam water was alkaline throughout the Published online 28 February, 2021 period of investigation. Mainly four groups of planktonic algae were recorded in Mid Manair Dam. They were Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae and Euglenophyceae. In Mid Manair Key Words: Dam Bacillariophyceae dominating during the entire study period. Chloropyceae members occupied Assessment, Water quality, Phytoplankton second position, Cyanophyceae and Euglenophyceae were represented in poor numbers at all the and Mid Manair Dam stations of the dam throughout the period of investigation. Low temperature, high dissolved oxygen and silica favored the growth of diatoms. Copyright © Srinivas L et al, 2021, this is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS The term “water quality” includes the water column and the Mid Manair Dam is a major irrigation project under physical channel required to sustain aquatic life (Ganai et al., construction across the Manair River, at Manwada Village, 2010). The goal of the federal Clean Water Act, “To protect Boinpalli Mandal, Rajanna Sircilla district, Telangana. It has a and maintain the chemical, physical and biological integrity of capacity of 25.87 tmcft with 25 radial gates. It has a capacity to the nation’s waters,” establishes the importance of assessing irrigate 2,00,000 acres. The surplus water from Sriram Sagar both water quality and the habitat required for maintaining Project flow through SRSP Flood Flow Canal (SRSP FFC) into other aquatic organisms (Anindita Singha Roy and Ruma Pal, Mid Manair Dam apart from Manair River water. Once the 2015). Water, the precious gift of nature to human being and it dam reached to full capacity, water can be released into Lower is to be polluted day-by-day with increasing urbanization. Manair Dam, a major balancing reservoir at Karimnagar city Although three-fourth part of earth is being surrounded by with 24 Tmcft Gross Capacity. water but a little portion of it can be used for drinking purpose Sampling Stations (Cooke and Kennedy, 2001). Inspite of the fact that the municipal water supply in most of the cities is through treated Three sampling stations were selected for the collection of surface water, due to over contamination, more stringent water and algal samples. Water samples from the surface were treatments would be required to make the surface water is collected at all the sampling stations in 2L polythene containers generally used for drinking and irrigation purposes in India at monthly intervals for a period of 2 years from June 2017 to (Kankal et al., 2012). Phytoplanktons, which include blue - August 2019. The samples were analyzed on the same day in green algae, green algae, diatoms, desmids, Euglenoids etc, are the laboratory for different physico-chemical parameters pH, important among aquatic flora (Alakananda, 2011). They are Carbonates, Bicarbonates, Chlorides, Dissolved Oxygen, ecologically significant as they form the basic link in the food Biological Oxygen Demand, Organic Matter, Chemical chain of all aquatic floras (Adhikary et al., 2010). Oxygen Demand, Total Hardness, Calcium, Magnesium, Sulphates, Phosphates, Silica, Nitrates, Nitrites, Total Solids, *Corresponding author: Srinivas L Department in Botany Sree Chaitanya Degree and PG College, Karimnagar International Journal of Recent Scientific Research Vol. 12, Issue, 02 (E), pp. 41066-41068, February, 2021 Total Dissolved Solids and Total Suspended Solids following Phytoplankton the standard procedures (APHA, 2005). The pH and Mainly four groups of planktonic algae were recorded in Mid temperature were recorded in the field itself. Manair Dam. They were Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, One litre of surface water samples were collected from three Cyanophyceae and Euglenophyceae. In Lower Manair Dam different stations of the dam and samples were kept in the Bacillariophyceae dominating during the entire study period. sedimentation column after adding 2-3 ml of 4% formaldehyde Chloropyceae members occupied second position, solution. The samples were concentrated to 100 mL. Finally, Cyanophyceae and Euglenophyceae occupied third and fourth the concentrated material was used for frequency positions. measurements and identification of species. The seasonal fluctuations in the flora reveal that diatoms attain RESULTS AND DISCUSSION maxima in winter and Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae and Euglenophyceae in summer. Physico-chemical parameters The percentage of Bacillariophyceae was 58.10% at station-I, Average values of physico-chemical parameters incorporated in 57.11% at station-II and 55.11% at station-III (Table: 2). Table: 1 Table 1 Comparison of the present data with BIS and ISI standards S.No Physico - Chemical Parameters Station - I Station -II Station-III BIS(2003) ISI 10500:2012 P E A P 1 pH 8.49 8.36 8.42 5 25 6.5-8.5 No relaxation 2- 2 CO3 36.24 24.36 36.74 - 3 HCO3 255.80 285.72 256.31 - 4 Cl 126.54 138.72 138.86 250 1000 _ _ 5 DO 9.72 9.66 9.46 6 6 BOD 2.86 2.40 2.52 3 7 OM 1.18 1.28 1.22 8 COD 28.72 30.12 32.82 _ 10 9 TH 168.72 188.26 172.46 300 2+ 10 Ca 52.76 46.44 42.82 75 200 75 200 2+ 11 Mg 24.22 36.58 32.46 30 100 30 100 12 TS 443.24 486.68 496.36 _ 13 TDS 282.72 310.54 340.64 500 500 14 TSS 172.20 180.20 190.63 2- 15 SO4 32.48 34.68 36.34 200 400 200 400 3- 16 PO4 0.04 0.06 0.07 17 SiO2 4.34 4.52 4.54 - 18 NO3 1.8 1.2 1.7 45 45 45 No relaxation The dam water was alkaline throughout the period of The high numbers of diatoms were recorded during winter; low investigation. The recommended pH for drinking purposes is numbers were attained during summer and rainy season. between 6.5 to 8.5. High concentration of dissolved oxygen, (Manikya Reddy and Venkateswarlu, 1987). Diatoms are best carbonates and low concentration of chlorides, bicarbonates, indicators of pollution which are placed first position. This total hardness and organic matter were recorded throughout the group of phytoplankton representing the species of Cymbella period of investigation. affinis, Nitzschia denticula, Cymbella aspera, C.cymbiformis, C.tumida, Mastogloia smithii, Rhopalodia gibba, Amphora The physico-chemical parameters exhibit certain ovalis and Achnanthes microcephala. These species were interrelationships. The pH and carbonates are directly related present throughout the period of investigation. and both are inversely proportional to bicarbonates. Water temperature exhibit inverse relationship with dissolved oxygen The percentages of Chlorophyceae were 30.62% at station-I, (Agale et al., 2013 and Hosmani, 2013). The chlorides exhibit 30.60% at station-II and 30.05% at station-III. The high peaks significant positive correlation with bicarbonates. Dissolved were recorded during summer low peaks were attained during oxygen showed negative relationship with biological oxygen winter and rainy season (Manikya Reddy and Chandra Shekar, demand, chemical oxygen demand and organic matter. A 2008). Temperature, bicarbonates, nitrates, phosphates and positive correlation of BOD with COD. Total hardness has organic matter were exhibiting direct relationship with showed significant positive correlation with calcium. Chlorophyceae. High Chlorophycean members found during summer months due to low DO and bicarbonate level Calcium showed significant positive relation with biological prevailing during these periods, which favors its quick growth. oxygen demand. Calcium exhibit direct relation with magnesium. Nitrites exhibit negative correlation with pH and Table 2 Percentage of Phytoplankton carbonates. Total solids exhibit direct relation with carbonates. Algae groups Station-I Station-II Station-III Total suspended solids showed positive correlation with total Bacillariophyceae 58.10 57.11 55.11 solids. From the table, it is evident that all the parameters are Chlorophyceae 30.62 30.60 30.05 well below the permissible limits. Cyanophyceae 7.72 8.16 10.90 Euglenophyceae 3.56 4.13 3.94 Chlorophyceae is represented by the species of Pediastrum boryanum, P. simplex, and Scenedesmus bijuga, S. armatus, 41067 | P a g e Srinivas L et al., Assessment of Water Quality In Mid Manair Dam, Telangana Ankistrodesmus falcatus, Oocystis crassa, Tetraedron regulare, Adhikary, S.P., Das, S.K., Khillar, D. and Samad, L.K., Cosmarium granatum and Cosmarium variolatum. 2010. Algal flora of Mizoram J. Indian bot., Soc. 89(384), 415-423. The percentage of Cyanophyceae was 7.72% at station-I, Agale, M.