MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE of TECHNOLOGY CENTENNIAL Celebrating a Century in Cambridge 1916-2016 OPP, Wilmem WELLESL EY Produced by the MIT Alumni Association with special, thanks to the MIT Department of Facilities and MIT Museum Collections. alum.mitedu mitzoi6.mitedu DRINCETO AVE. e c rt, et o !..43S 527 .37w M S AQHUSETTS IN T TUTS AM HER ST OF O F . rech.n.olnyy TECHNOLOGY 0.1N CHARLES ER ESPLANADE PARKWAY outgrew its original Back Bay campus in the early 20th century and found a new MIT location across the Charles River in Cambridge. Some 50 acres—wedged between automotive and candy factories and the river—had been filled in and was first intended for luxury housing. Several factors made the housing option unlikely and allowed the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to scoop up the land for $750,000 in 1912. MIT transformed that plot into 168 urban acres over the next century as the Institute grew, driven by research and discoveries as well as the politics and priorities of a changing nation. The new campus represented a new way of thinking about education in a highly visible location. It was a bold move. cover: Postcard image from the Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division ofArt, Prints, and Photographs: Photography Collection, The New York Public Library. back cover and this page: Atlas of the City of Cambridge, G.W. Bromley and Co., 793o. Campus maps courtesy of MIT Department of Facilities. FOUNDER'S VISION President Richard Cockburn Maclaurin wanted a distinctive structure 1914-1918 that would signify MIT's mission. A unique collaboration produced the final design. William Welles Bosworth '89 was the architect but equally important were the contributions of John Ripley Freeman '76, Charles Stone '88, and Edwin Webster '88. Freeman's extensive planning study was the inspiration for MIT's intercon- nected buildings inspired by industrial design. Stone and Webster not only headed the company hired to construct MIT, but they led the interior design effort that integrated Freeman's building concepts with Bosworth's beautiful Beaux Arts plan—partially inspired by his late professor C. Desire Despradelle's earlier designs for the campus. The academic buildings, called the Main Group today, offered a magnificent grand court topped by a towering dome facing Boston. Key features of the new campus were dormitories and other facilities for student life. These were located adjacent to the classrooms and laboratories in order to realize Maclaurin's vision of a unified campus that encouraged the free exchange of ideas across disciplines. Campus Evolution via. Clusters of:Developthent 1940S In 1950, MIT dedicated Designed by MIT alumni and Hayden Memorial Library (14). faculty, the Alumni Pool opened 192os 193os MIT's School of Industrial in 1940. Wartime concerns Management, later renamed Growing interest in aeronautics, New chemistry and physics labs drove campus development. the Alfred P. Sloan School of naval architecture, and the opened in 1932 in Building 6. Building 12 opened in 1942 as Management, moved to its new automotive industry helped In 1937 MIT converted the the home of chemical engineer- home, Building E52, in 1952. to drive building on campus. Riverbank Court Hotel into ing, followed by Building 20, Kresge Auditorium (W16) and Naval architecture moved into Ashdown House, a graduate the Radiation Laboratory, which the MIT Chapel (W15) opened the new Bosworth-designed residence, one of the first in the was completed in 1943. In 1946 in 1955. In 1957, a section Pratt School Building (5) in country. In 1938 the cyclotron, temporary housing was provid- of Bexley Hall was reserved 1921. The aeronautics cluster a particle accelerator research ed for an increasing number of of buildings began to rise with tool, was built, and the Wright for women students; the first residential students, and Baker women's dormitory, McCormick the addition of Building 33, the Brothers Wind Tunnel was ded- House (W7) followed in 1949. Hall (W4), opened in 1963. Daniel Guggenheim Aeronau- icated. MIT opened the Rogers The Hermann Building (E53) tical Laboratory, in 1928. And Building (7) in 1938, housing 195os and Early 196os opened in 1965 to house MIT's the Sloan Automotive Lab (31) the School of Architecture and After the war, MIT returned to new political science department. was founded in 1929. giving MIT a front door on its original research focus. Mass. Ave. Late 196os opened in 1985 as home to the philosophy, and the World Hall (W1), formerly Ashdown Expansion of MIT's buildings newly established Media Lab. Wide Web Consortium. In House, opened to house and campus turned toward 2005 Building 46 opened to undergraduate students, 199os and Early 2000S environmental sciences. The house the Brain and Cognitive allowing for the return to Expansion at MIT was driven by Green Building (54), which Sciences Complex. The Green traditional class sizes. collaboration, student life, and housed the Earth sciences, Center for Physics opened in the proliferation of the World 2016 and Beyond opened in 1964. In 1965 2007, built between Buildings Wide Web. MIT opened the MIT's entrepreneurial engine Building 56 created a new 4, 6, and 8. The Media Lab Microelectronics Lab at Lincoln sparks a life sciences boom home for life sciences and expanded to include E14 in Lab. Simmons Hall (W79) around Kendall Square as the Stratton Student Center 2010, and the Koch Institute provided a new home for MIT envisions a master plan (W20) opened. for Integrative Cancer Research students in 2002, and the to renew and enliven the area. opened in 2011, as did the MIT Zesiger Center opened with The MIT 2030 framework will 197os and 198os Sloan School of Management's expanded athletic opportunities. guide MIT's next plans for an Arts and sciences marked new home (E62). The central Building 20 was demolished to evolving campus that will meet the newest developments on utility plant transitioned from make way in 2004 for the Ray future academic, research, and campus. In 1970 the Dreyfus high-carbon fossil fuels to and Maria Stata Center (32), community needs. Building (18) provided a new cogeneration. In 2011 a which is home to EECS, home for chemistry, while renovated Fariborz Maseeh the Wiesner Building (E15) CSAIL, linguistics and t Pierce Laboratory - McNair Building Ez5 • Whitaker College Central Campus Buildings by Alurnber 2 Building 2 38 - Fairchild Building (38) E33 Rinaldi Tile 3 • Maclaurin Buildings (3) 39 • Brown Building E34 - Building E34 4 • Maclaurin Buildings (4) 41 - Building 41 E38 - Suffolk Building 5 • Pratt School 42 • Power Plant E39 • Building E39 NE49 .600 Technology Square Woo - Stratton Student Center 6 • Eastman Laboratories 43 - Power Plant Annex Ego • Muckley Building NMI) - Edgerton House Wit • Du Pont Athletic Gymnasium 6B - Building 68 44 • Cyclotron E48 • Building E48 NV/12 • Building NW12 W32 - Du Pont Athletic Center 6C • PDSI (Physics, DMSE, 46 - Brain and Cognitive Sciences Est • Tang Center NW13 - Building NWt3 W33. Rockwell Cage Spectroscopy, Infrastructure) 48 - Parsons Laboratory E52 - Sloan Building NW14 - Francis Bitter Magnet Lab W34. Johnson Athletics Center 2. Rogers Building so - Walker Memorial E53 • Hermann Building NW15 • Francis Bitter Magnet Lab W35 • Zesiger Sports and Fitness Ctc 7A • Building 7A 51. Wood Sailing Pavilion E55 - Eastgate (Family Housing) NW16 - Plasma Science; Fusion Center W45 • West Garage 8 • Building 8 54 • Green Building Bo • Arthur D Little Building NWiy • Plasma Science & Fusion Ctr. W51- Burton-Conner House 9 • Samuel Tak Lee Building 56 • Whitaker Building E62 • Sloan School of Management NW2o - Albany St Generator Shelter W51C - Pi Beta Phi to • Maclaurin Buildings (io) 52- Wang Fitness Center, Alumni Pool Eyo • One Broadway NW21 • Plasma Science; Fusion Center W53 • Carr Indoor Tennis Facility 11. Homberg Building 62 • East Campus NW22 • Plasma Science; Fusion Center W53A - Carr Indoor Tennis (Office) tbd • site of MIT.nano 64 • East Campus N4 • Albany Garage NW3o • The Warehouse W53B - DuPont Tennis Courts (Office) 13 - Bush Building 66 • Landau Building N9 - Superconducting Test Facility NW35 - Ashdown House W53C • Building W53C 14 - Hayden Memorial Library 68 • Koch Biology Building Nio - High Voltage Research Lab NW61 • Random Hall W53D - Carr Indoor Tennis (SVC) 16 - Dorrance Building 76 • The David H. Koch Institute for N16 • Cooling Tower; Oil Reserve NW86 • Sidney Pacific W59 • Heinz Building 17- Wright Brothers Wind Tunnel Integrative Cancer Research at MIT Ni6A • Building Ni6A WO • MacGregor House 18 - Dreyfus Building N51 • Building N51 Wi • Fariborz Maseeh Hall Wyo - New House 24 • Building 24 Es • Gray House N52 - Building N52 W2 - Building W2 Wyt • Next House 26. Compton Laboratories E2 • Senior House N57 • Building N57 W4 • McCormick Hall W79 • Simmons Hall 31 • Sloan Laboratories ELI • Building E14 W5 Green Hall W84 • Tang Hall 32 • Ray and Maria Stata Center E15 • Wiesner Building NE43 .1 Cambridge Center W7 • Baker House W85 • Westgate (Family Housing) 33 • Guggenheim Laboratory E12 • Mudd Building NE25 • 355 Main Street W8 • Pierce Boathouse W89 - Campus Police 34 EG&G Education Center (18 Ford Building (E18) NE3o • Broad Institute Wit • Building Wit W9i • Information Systems & Technology 35. Sloan Laboratory E19 - Ford Building (E19) NE42 • soo Technology Square W15 • Chapel W92 - Building W92 36 • Fairchild Building (36) (23 - Health Services NE4B - 700 Technology Square V/16 - Kresge Auditorium W98 • Building W98 .