Service Provider Manual teentalk.ca Acknowledgments Developed by: Teen Talk, Sexuality Education Resource Centre (SERC) and Klinic Community Health (Klinic), in collaboration with Jessica Danforth & the Native Youth Sexual Health Network 6th Edition, 2019. Funded by: Manitoba Health Layout: Amphibian Design & Teen Talk, Sexuality Education Resource Centre & Klinic Community Health As a program of non-Indigenous organizations, Teen Talk could not have made this manual without the contribution of Jessica Danforth & the Native Youth Sexual Health Network, Vanessa AnakwudwabisayQuay, Peguis First Nation, and the many northern service providers and youth. We value your knowledge and insight in providing us with some Indigenous and northern perspectives regarding the work we do. 1 Teen Talk is a provincial program serving all of Manitoba where we are invited. Manitoba is Indigenous Land of the Anishinaabe (Ojibwe), Dakota (including Lakota, Nakota), Ininew (Cree), Oji-Cree (Island Lake) and Sayisi Dene First Nations. It is also Homeland of the Metis Nation. Indigenous Languages spoken in Manitoba are Anishinaabemowin, Cree, Dene, Dakota, Michif, Bungi and Oji-Cree. In order for Canada to exist, in Manitoba we are a part of Treaty 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 Territories. Teen Talk is committed to honouring Indigenous Land, Languages, Knowledges and People. 2 Table of Contents Acknowledgments .............................................................................. 1 Chapter 1: Introduction ........................................................... 8 Teen Talk ................................................................................................ 9 Teen Talk’s Operating Principles .............................................. 10 Identity ................................................................................................. 15 The Medicine Wheel ....................................................................... 15 Traditional First Nation Community Names ........................ 16 First Nations & Treaty Areas in Manitoba ............................. 17 Counselling Services & Help Lines ............................................ 18 Chapter 2: Youth Sexuality ................................................... 20 First Nations Holistic Model of Sexuality ............................... 20 Thunderbird View ........................................................................... 20 Canada’s Shared Colonial History ............................................. 21 Decolonization: Restoring our First Ways ............................ 24 Being an Ally to Indigenous Peoples, Communities & Nations .................................................................................................. 25 Talking About Sexuality Outside an Urban Center ............ 27 A Trauma Informed Approach in Sex Education ................ 28 Youth Sexuality Web ....................................................................... 29 Values .................................................................................................... 30 Youth Rights ....................................................................................... 30 Consent ................................................................................................. 31 Age of Consent ................................................................................... 31 Gender Identity ................................................................................. 32 Sexual Orientation ........................................................................... 35 Being an Ally to 2STLGBQ+ People........................................... 38 Puberty ................................................................................................. 39 Vision Quest ........................................................................................ 40 Berry Fast ............................................................................................ 41 Body Image ......................................................................................... 43 Improving Body Image .................................................................. 43 Media & Sexuality ............................................................................ 44 A Sex Positive Approach to Sexual Decision Making & Abstinence........................................................................................... 46 3 Sexual Readiness ............................................................................. 47 Our Mind & Decision Making ...................................................... 48 Sexual & Reproductive Health Resources ............................. 49 2STLGBQ+ Resources .................................................................... 53 Decolonizing Resources ................................................................ 54 Rural & Northern Resources....................................................... 56 Graphic Novels & Videos for Youth .......................................... 57 Eating Disorders & Body Image Resources .......................... 57 Gender & Sexuality Galaxies ....................................................... 58 Example: Sexuality Web ............................................................... 59 Chapter 3: Birth Control & Pregnancy Options .............. 60 A Youth Friendly Approach to Pregnancy Prevention .... 60 Realities of Indigenous Youth & Birth Control .................... 61 A First Nation’s Perspective on Family Planning ............... 63 Hormonal Birth Control ................................................................ 63 Condoms .............................................................................................. 65 Emergency Contraception or the “Morning After Pill” .... 66 Tips for Accessing Birth Control (Including Condoms) when Living Outside an Urban Center .................................... 67 A Pro-Choice Approach to Pregnancy Options ................... 67 Things to Address with Youth Traveling to an Urban Center for Health Services ........................................................... 71 Birth Control & Pregnancy Options Resources ................... 72 Chapter 4: Sexually Transmitted & Blood Borne Infections (STBBI) .................................................................... 78 Information-Motivation-Behaviour (IMB) Approach ...... 78 Realities of Indigenous Communities & the Importance of STI Prevention .................................................................................. 79 Addressing Stigma Regarding STBBI ...................................... 80 Keepin’ it Real (and Riel!) ............................................................ 81 STI Information ................................................................................ 82 Ways to Reduce Risk ...................................................................... 86 STBBI Testing: Challenges & Strategies ................................. 87 Chapter 5: HIV & HCV .............................................................. 96 HIV/AIDS & Stigma ......................................................................... 97 Basic HIV/AIDS Information ....................................................... 98 4 Reducing HIV Risk ........................................................................ 100 Basic Hepatitis C (HCV) Information .................................... 100 Practicing Safer Drug Use .......................................................... 101 Testing for HIV & Hepatitis C (HCV) ..................................... 102 Tips for Living with HIV Outside of Urban Centers ........ 103 Manitoba HIV Program ............................................................... 104 HIV & HCV Resources .................................................................. 105 Chapter 6: Teen Dating Relationships ........................... 108 Original Attachment: Relationship with Ourselves ........ 108 Violence against Indigenous Peoples ................................... 110 Dealing with Lateral Violence .................................................. 111 Gender-Based Violence & the Media .................................... 113 Definition of Abuse ....................................................................... 113 Types of Abuse ............................................................................... 114 Rape Culture & Sexual Assault ................................................ 114 Support for Survivors of Sexual Violence ........................... 115 Consent .............................................................................................. 116 Tobacco Teaching: Consent ...................................................... 117 Relationship Spectrum ............................................................... 117 Factors that Make it Hard for Youth to Leave a Relationship .................................................................................... 118 Action Planning .............................................................................. 119 Healthy Break Ups ........................................................................ 119 Healing a Broken Heart .............................................................. 120 Berry Teachings about Intimate Relationships................ 121 Qualities of a Healthy Relationship ....................................... 123 Fun & Single ..................................................................................... 123 Community Approach to Healing ..........................................