VIRTUAL REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON URBAN MOBILITY AND IMPACTS OF COVID-19 ON MOBILITY URBAN MOBILITY ASSESSMENT IN YANGON Soe Thein Member of Road and Bridge Authority, Yangon City Development Committee, Yangon, Myanmar. E mail: [email protected] Date: 25.11.2020 YANGON REGION MYANMAR POPULATION OF MYANMAR 51,486,253 AREA 669794 KM2 YANGON DIVISION POPULATION OF YANGON REGION 7,523,255 AREA 9804 KM2 YANGON CITY POPULATION OF YANGON 5,191,000 AREA 971 KM2 ROAD NETWORK 9810 KM TOWNSHIPS 33 DISTRICT 4 SHARE OF ROAD AREA : URBAN AREA 4.5% Road / Urban Area Share (%) Tokyo (Japan) 18.4 Seoul(Korea) 13.2 Singapore 10 Hong Kong 6.3 Taipei City (Taiwan) 7.7 Bngkok(Thailand) 7.1 Jakarta(Indonesia) 7.3 REGISTERED VEHICLES IN YANGON 531387 533776 513837 470581 REGISTERED VEHICLES IN YANGON 2011 to 2018 368671 253566 210923 Truck(Heavy Bus Others Duty) 3% 6% 3% 2011-2012 2012-2013 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 Truck (Light Duty) Passenger Car 25% 63% VEHICLES CLASSIFICATION IN YANGON Passenger Car Truck (Light Duty) Truck(Heavy Duty) Bus Others 2017-18 EXISTING TRANSPORT MODES • BUS • CIRCULAR RAILWAY • TAXI • BICYCLE • WALKING • FERRY • WATER BUS • PRIVATE CAR Sustainable Urban Transport Index Indicator 1 Indicator 2 Indicator 3 Indicator 4 Indicator 5 Extent to which transport plans Modal Share of Convenient Public Transport Traffic Fatalities cover public Active and Public Access to Public Quality and per 100,000 transport, Transport in Transport Service Reliability Inhabitants intermodal facilities Commuting and infrastructure for active modes Indicator 6 Indicator 7 Indicator 8 Indicator 9 Indicator 10 Affordability- Operational Investment in Air Quality Greenhouse Gas Travel Cost as Cost of the Public (PM10) Emissions from Part of Public Transportation Transport Income Transport Systems System Extent to which transport plans cover public transport, Indicator 1 intermodal facilities and infrastructure for active modes Cycling Public Network Transport Walking Intermodal Network Transfer Facilities Indicative Scoring Criteria for Yangon Score Aspects 0 1 2 3 4 No coverage Limited Middle Extensive Leading Vague goal Little Quantitative goals Quantitative goals Additional goals No goals Walking destination seen in some destination in 1-2 much destination full destination No destination Networks plans small or major areas/corridors across city; Increasing across city; Major No budget unclear budget some budget but realistic budget secured new funding Vague goal Little Quantitative goals Quantitative goals Additional goals No goals destination seen in some destination in 1-2 much destination full destination Cycling Networks No destination plans small or major areas/corridors across city; Increasing across city; Major No budget unclear budget some budget but realistic budget secured new funding Vague goal Little Quantitative goals Quantitative goals Additional goals No goals Intermodal destination seen in some destination in 1-2 much destination full destination No destination transfer facilities plans small or major areas/corridors across city; Increasing across city; Major No budget unclear budget some budget but realistic budget secured new funding Vague goal Little Quantitative goals Quantitative goals Additional goals No goals destination seen in some destination in 1-2 much destination full destination Public transport No destination plans small or major areas/corridors across city; Increasing across city; Major No budget unclear budget some budget but realistic budget secured new funding Aspects Explanation Score YCDC & UN Habitat are conducting pedestrian walkway improvement. YCDC is Walking Networks managing pedestrian rehabilitation / walkway facilities improvement.Yangon 2 Regional Government is planning and implementing over pass bridges and under pass pedestrian way to improve road user safety YCDC & UN Habitat are conducting cycling ways in CBD, one project was Cycling Networks implemented. YCDC implements bicycle lanes with road marking along the 1 Waizayanda Road.There is unclear vision or goals for cycling network facility There is no specific budget Little designation for transfer facilities at airport, high way terminals, highway vehicle Intermodal Transfer gates and railway stations. Unclear budget and still doing feasibility study for 1 Facilities highway terminal transit facilities and improvement. Future planning for TOD development at YUTRA report Ambitious goals are set. Yangon city area will be extended and future YEX Phase 1 Public Transport and 2, UMRT 1 & 2, Transport Demand Management, Improvement of existing 3 circular railway line in year 2020. Plan for construction of outer ring road (No7 Main Road, from Thilawa to Mandalay Expressway) Indicator Value Year Comments Some score value to enter in Score is based on current ongoing projects and data sheet for indicator 1 7 2019 planning of YRG and YUTRA report Indicator 2 Modal Share of Active and Public Transport in Commuting Mode Sharing in Yangon (2016) Modes Share Public Transport Others 22% Public Transport 22% Motorcycle 34% 2% Walking 25% Walking 25% Bicycle 6% Taxi Passenger Car 6% 5% Taxi 5% Passenger Car 6% Bicycle Motorcycle 2% 6% Others 34% Public Transport Walking Bicycle Passenger Car Taxi Motorcycle Others Indicator Value Year Comments Mode share of active Data is based on UTRA and public transport 52.9 2016 report study team trips in commuting (%) Indicator 3 Convenient Access to Public Transport Service Inhabitants live within 500 Calculation meter based on major buffer zones public transport from bus stops 59.61 routes area 23 and township circular railway population and station inhabitants Indicator 4 Public Transport Quality and Reliability Frequency 100.00 Fare level 80.00 Punctuality 60.00 40.00 20.00 Comfort & Personal courtesy 0.00 cleanliness Availability of Safety of vehicles information Convenience of Stop/Station Indicator 4 Public Transport Quality and Reliability Satisfied Dissatisfied Responders Satisfaction Status (%) Fare level Personnel courtesy Availability of information Convenience of stops/stations Safety of vehicles Comfort and cleanliness of vehicles Punctuality (delay)* Frequency of the service 0 20 40 60 80 100 Indicator Value Year Comments Public transport quality 70.54 2020 Base on satisfaction survey on Inner ring and outer and reliability ring area bus and railway service Indicator 5 Traffic Fatalities per 100,000 Inhabitants Traffic Accident Fatalities in Accident Type of Fatalities in Yangon (2011-2019) Yangon( 2019) Number of Accident 350 649 322 600 612 620 600 620 300 250 219 200 375 150 102 265 240 100 50 6 0 MOTOR VEHICLE MOTOR CYCLE MOTOR VEHICLE OTHERS 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 & MOTOR CYCLE Indicator Value Year Comments Traffic fatalities per 8.62 2019 Based on collected data from Yangon Traffic Police 100,000 inhabitants Department. Indicator 6 Affordability- Travel Cost as Part of Income Description Amount (USD) Average Monthly Income for basic level 108 Average Monthly Transport Expense 9 Percentage of Monthly Travel Cost 8.1 % Household Income and Expenditure for transportation is calculated from current wage and bus fare basic in Yangon. Indicator Value Year Comments Affordability travel cost as 8.1 2019 The result is based on 2019 of fare and income level part of income calculation Indicator 7 Operational Cost of the Public Transport System Daily Expenses Daily Revenue Description Kyat/Day Expense Fare Revenue Kyat/Day Description Fuel 15000 450.00 Avg passenger / Bus/ Day 170.00 Average fare Wages and stipend 26000 76,500.00 Total revenue / day YRTA fee 4000 530,550,000 501075000 6,550 Active fleet, 2019 Company fee 2000 Maintenance & Others 34000 Total operating cost 81000 Indicator Value Year Comments Operational cost of the 94.44 2019 The data from World Bank Report for Urban Transport for transport system Yangon & Mandalay, based on inter views with bus operators Indicator 8 Investment in Public Transportation Systems (Myanmar Kyats in Billions) Investment 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 Average Public Transport Facilities - - - 70 70 Total Transport Facilities 366.241 471.2 505.692 424.281 441.856 Indicator Value Year Comments Investment in public 16 2019 Based on World Bank Report for Urban Transport in transport system Yangon and Mandalay, 2019. Indicator Air Quality (PM10) PM10 Population 9 S/No Station Location Year In study means area 1 City Hall Kyauttada township 134.2 29853 2 Bet; Maechent & Maharbandoola Botahtaung Township 134.6 40995 3 Yaekyaw Pazundaung Pazundaung Township 86.2 48455 4 Thein Gyi Zay Pabedan Township 101.9 33336 5 Yangon General Hospital Latha 127.1 25057 6 Infront of Nursing University Lanmadaw 101 47160 7 Ahlone Vehicle Section Ahlone 120.5 47160 8 Aung San Stadium Mingalar Taung Nyunt 102.2 132494 9 Tarmwe Bridge Tarmwe Town Ship 48 165313 10 Myanmar Plaza Yankin Township 45.8 70946 11 Koke Kaing Bridge Bahan Township 78.9 96732 12 Myay Ni Gone Bridge San Chaung Township 52 99619 13 Hledan Bridge Kamar Yut Township 41.4 84569 14 Inyar Kan Bridge Hlaing Township 52 160307 15 Thamine Junction Mayan Gone Township 63.7 198113 16 Bayint Naung Tower Mayan Gone Township 70.9 198113 17 Aung Min Ga Lar Highway Mingalardone 34.8 331586 18 Air Port Mingalardone 35.7 331586 19 Dawpon Dawpon Township 70 75325 20 Shukinthar Tharketa 93 220556 21 Thuwunna Stadium Thingangyun Township 37 209486 22 Infront of Parami HW Terminal South Okkalarpa 35 161126 23 Aung Zay Ya Bridge Insein Township 42.4 305283 24 Shwe Pyi Thar Bridge Shwe Pyi Thar