User Requirements for Air Traffic Services Effective 1 January 2010 International Air Transport Association Montreal — Geneva 2nd Edition NOTICE DISCLAIMER. The information contained in this publication is subject to constant review in the light of changing government requirements and regula- tions. No subscriber or other reader should act on the basis of any such information without referring to applicable laws and regulations and/or without taking appropriate professional advice. Although every effort has been made to ensure accuracy, the International Air Transport Association shall not be held responsible for any loss or damage caused by errors, omissions, misprints or misinterpretation of the contents hereof. 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Montreal — Geneva TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword.............................................................................................................................................................. 1 IATA Report on User Requirements for Air Traffic Services Executive Summary.............................................. 3 Summary IATA’s Positions on CNS / ATM Infrastructure ................................................................................... 4 1. Communications: Ground-to-Ground.......................................................................................................... 9 1.1 Infrastructure .................................................................................................................................... 9 1.1.1 Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunications Network (AFTN) and ATS Message Handling Services (AMHS) .............................................................................................................. 9 1.1.2 Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT)................................................................................ 9 1.2 ATS Application.............................................................................................................................. 10 1.2.1 Air Traffic Services Interfacility Data Communication (AIDC)........................................... 10 2. Communications: Air-to-Ground ............................................................................................................... 11 2.1 Infrastructure .................................................................................................................................. 11 2.1.1 VHF Voice 8.33 KHz Channel Spacing............................................................................. 11 2.1.2 High Frequency (HF) Voice .............................................................................................. 12 2.1.3 Satellite Communications (SatCom)................................................................................. 12 2.1.4 IRIDIUM ............................................................................................................................ 12 2.1.5 High Frequency Data Link (HFDL).................................................................................... 13 2.1.6 Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS)........................... 13 2.1.7 VHF Data Link (VDL) Mode 1 ........................................................................................... 13 2.1.8 VHF Data Link (VDL) Mode 2 ........................................................................................... 14 2.1.9 VHF Data Link (VDL) Mode 3 ........................................................................................... 15 2.1.10 VHF Data Link (VDL) Mode 4 ........................................................................................... 15 2.1.11 Summary VHF Data Links ................................................................................................ 15 2.2 ATS Application.............................................................................................................................. 16 2.2.1 Controller Pilot Data Link Communications (CPDLC)....................................................... 16 2.2.2 Aeronautical Telecommunication Network (ATN)............................................................. 16 3. Navigation: Performance Based Navigation (PBN) .................................................................................. 19 4. Navigation: WGS-84 ................................................................................................................................. 23 5. Navigation: Ground-Based Aids ............................................................................................................... 25 5.1 Distance Measuring Equipment (DME).......................................................................................... 25 5.2 Instrument Landing System (ILS) .................................................................................................. 25 5.3 Microwave Landing System (MLS) ................................................................................................ 26 5.4 Non-Directional Beacon (NDB) ...................................................................................................... 26 2nd EDITION, JANUARY 2010 User Requirements for Air Traffic Services 5.5 Tactical Air Navigation (TACAN) ..................................................................................................... 26 5.6 VHF Omni-directional Range (VOR) ............................................................................................... 27 6. Navigation: Satellite / GNSS....................................................................................................................... 29 6.1 GNSS Augmentation ....................................................................................................................... 29 6.1.1 Aircraft Based Augmentation System (ABAS).................................................................... 30 6.1.2 Ground Based Augmentation System (GBAS)................................................................... 30 6.1.3 Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS) .................................................................. 31 7. Surveillance: Radar .................................................................................................................................... 33 7.1 Primary Surveillance Radar (PSR) .................................................................................................. 33 7.2 Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR): Mode A/C and Mode S ...................................................... 34 7.3 Precision Approach Radar (PAR).................................................................................................... 34 8. Surveillance: Automatic Dependent Surveillance and Multilateration........................................................ 35 8.1 Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) OUT......................................................... 35 8.2 Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) IN............................................................. 35 8.3 Candidate ADS-B Data links ........................................................................................................... 36 8.4 Automatic Dependent Surveillance Contract (ADS-C) .................................................................... 36 8.5 Traffic Information Service - Broadcast (TIS-B) .............................................................................. 37 8.6 Multilateration (MLAT) ..................................................................................................................... 37 9. Other Data Link Operational Services........................................................................................................ 39 9.1 Digital Automatic Terminal Information Service (D-ATIS) ............................................................... 39 9.2 Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS)............................................................................ 39 9.3 Pre-Departure Clearance Service (PDC) ........................................................................................ 39 10. Spectrum .................................................................................................................................................... 41 11. Conclusion.................................................................................................................................................. 43 Glossary .............................................................................................................................................................. 45 Appendix ............................................................................................................................................................