4 56 56 ! " " # $ % # # & & ' % (& )& " * + % + + " , - ! & . / " 0 - 1&& & ! ! / && & & ( 2 2 /! & / / & 3 & & & 3 ! ! - ! & ! ! % & & & % & - ( 7 68 9: !"#$%&!'()&*+&,-!"#$%&!'()&*+&,- ! " # $ !% ! & $ ' ' ($ ' # % %) %* % ' $ ' + " % & ' !# $, ( $ % ! % ! % % "# % % # % % "# $% ! % ! "" ## - $$$ . /"/"#012" 3& )*4- +) 567%88999& % % 0 ! : ! * & * -; &'()*+),-*&')<6=983& )*4- +) "1 ' "" & 6=98 H]eZ\e_gb_ AZe_kkdbc, ;. :dlmZevgu_ \hijhku jZa\blby [_ehjmkkdh]h wdkihjlZ \ dhgl_dkl_ j_deZfgh-f_^bcgh]h h[_ki_q_gby .................................. 5 <heug_p, >. Hkh[_gghklb j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby f_[_eb «Ibgkd^j_\» gZ jughd MdjZbgu........................................................................ 31 <heug_p, >. KljZl_]by j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby rZfimgy «;_eblZ» gZ jughd DblZy .................................................................................... 39 =Zemah, K. Ki_pbnbdZ j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby f_[_eb lhj]h\hc fZjdb «Ibgkd^j_\» gZ jughd DZaZoklZgZ ........................................ 45 =Zemah, K. Kbkl_fZ j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby oheh^bevgbdh\ nbjfu «:leZgl» gZ jughd ?]bilZ..................................................................... 53 =baZlmeebgZ, :. Ihl_gpbZe j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby [j_g^Z «Aist» gZ jughd NjZgpbb.................................................................................... 61 >Zgbe_\bq, G. Dhglmju j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby ijh^mdpbb ij_^ijbylby «;_e\_kl» gZ jughd <_g]jbb ....................................................... 67 >Zgbe_\bq, G. I_jki_dlb\u j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby \h^u «Njhkl» gZ jughd Bg^bb .................................................................................... 73 >h\gZj, ?. <hafh`ghklb j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby ljZdlhjh\ «;_eZjmkv» gZ jughd Gb]_jbb............................................................................ 79 >h\gZj, ?. NhjfmeZ j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby h^_`^u «Mark Formelle» gZ jughd Jhkkbb.................................................................................. 87 ?]mg_\Z, :. :dlmZevgu_ \hijhku j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby \Zn_evguo [Zlhgqbdh\ «Vitba.by» gZ jughd Ihevrb...................................... 93 @b]ZjbgZ, D. Hkh[_gghklb j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby ijh^mdpbb «Dhgl_ KiZ» gZ jughd NjZgpbb................................................... 101 @b]ZjbgZ, D. KljZl_]by j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby ijh^mdpbb nZ[jbdb «DhffmgZjdZ» gZ jughd Bg^hg_abb ................................................ 109 Dhe^Zkh\Z, F. Ki_pbnbdZ j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby ijh^mdpbb nZ[jbdb «JZoZl» gZ jughd Fhg]hebb ............................................................. 117 1 Dhe^Zkh\Z, F. Kbkl_fZ j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby fmdb «P_kgZ» gZ jughd Rjb-EZgdb......................................................................................... 121 Dmjbe_ghd, :. Ihl_gpbZe j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby e_dZjkl\_ggh]h ij_iZjZlZ \ZeZpbdeh\bj gZ jughd Bg^bb........................... 127 Dmjbe_ghd, :. Dhglmju j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby ch]mjlh\ «KZ\mrdbg ijh^mdl» gZ jughd Ihevrb.......................................................... 133 GbdheZ_gdh, G. I_jki_dlb\u j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby ijh^mdpbb «;_eeZdl» gZ jughd Kh_^bg_gguo RlZlh\ :f_jbdb................. 139 GbdheZ_gdh, G. <hafh`ghklb j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby ijh^mdpbb dhfiZgbb «Keh^uq» gZ jughd LZbeZg^Z..................................... 149 IhlZih\, :. NhjfmeZ j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby ijh^mdpbb ij_^ijbylby «Dh\ju ;j_klZ» gZ jughd Bg^bb ............................................... 157 IhlZih\, :. :dlmZevgu_ \hijhku j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby ijh^mdpbb «Stadler» gZ jughd Jhkkbb ............................................................. 163 Jy[h\Z, F. Hkh[_gghklb j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby ijh^mdpbb ;j_klkdh]h fykhdhf[bgZlZ gZ jughd EZl\bb ................................................. 169 Kgbpdbc, X. KljZl_]by j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby kl_dhevghc ijh^mdpbb «G_fZg» gZ jughd =_jfZgbb......................................................... 175 Kgbpdbc, X. Ki_pbnbdZ j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby «Eb^kdhc fmdb» gZ jughd Yihgbb .................................................................................... 183 Nbehg_gdh, ?. Kbkl_fZ j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby Zedh]hevghc ijh^mdpbb «Ky[ju» gZ jughd <_ebdh[jblZgbb ............................................ 189 Nbehg_gdh, ?. Ihl_gpbZe j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby ijh^mdpbb dhfiZgbb «Bg]fZg fhjh`_gb_» gZ jughd Lmjpbb........................................ 195 Q_jd_k >. Dhglmju j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby Z\lhfh[be_c «;_e^`b» gZ jughd DZaZoklZgZ........................................................................ 201 Q_jd_k >. I_jki_dlb\u j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby djhkkh\hd «;_ed_evf_» gZ jughd Q_obb............................................................................ 209 Q_jdh\kdZy, F. <hafh`ghklb j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby ^_lkdhc h^_`^u «FZjmky» gZ jughd DblZy .................................................... 215 2 Q_jdh\kdZy, F. NhjfmeZ j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby `_gkdh]h gb`g_]h [_evy «Milavitsa» gZ jughd Q_obb .................................................... 219 Q_jgh\Z, :. :dlmZevgu_ \hijhku j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby kihjlb\ghc ijh^mdpbb Mad Wave gZ jughd Kh_^bg_gguo RlZlh\ :f_jbdb............................................................................................................... 225 Q_jgh\Z, :. Hkh[_gghklb j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby fhlhpbdeh\ «Fbgkd» gZ jughd Yihgbb ............................................................................... 233 Rblvdh, ?. KljZl_]by j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby ijh^mdpbb dhfiZgbb «KhgpZ» gZ jughd DblZy ................................................................. 239 Rblvdh, ?. Ki_pbnbdZ j_deZfgh]h ijh^\b`_gby ijh^mdpbb dhfiZgbb «Mark Formelle» gZ jughd NjZgpbb .............................................. 245 3 4 ;hjbk AZe_kkdbc :dlmZevgu_ \hijhku jZa\blby [_ehjmkkdh]h wdkihjlZ \ dhgl_dkl_ j_deZfgh-f_^bcgh]h h[_ki_q_gby H[_ki_q_gb_ mkeh\bc jhklZ wdkihjlZ lh\Zjh\ b mkem] y\ey_lky ^ey J_kim[ebdb ;_eZjmkv g_ lhevdh h^gbf ba \Z`g_crbo gZijZ\e_gbc \g_rg_wdhghfbq_kdhc ^_yl_evghklb, gh b hkgh\guf ijbhjbl_lhf jZa\blby [_ehjmkkdhc wdhghfbdb, lZd dZd wdkihjl khklZ\ey_l \ __ kljmdlmj_ [he__ iheh\bgu \Zeh\h]h \gmlj_gg_]h ijh^mdlZ. Bwlhl nZdl ^_eZ_l _]h h^gbf ba dexq_\uo bklhqgbdh\ h[_ki_q_gby mklhcqb\h]h wdhghfbq_kdh]h jhklZ \ kljZg_. Hkh[mx agZqbfhklv \hijhku jZa\blby [_ehjmkkdh]h wdkihjlgh]h ihl_gpbZeZ b h[_ki_q_gby k[ZeZgkbjh\Zgghklb \g_rg_c lhj]h\eb ijbh[j_eb \ kh\j_f_gguo mkeh\byo, «ihkdhevdm \g_rgbc kijhk gZ ijh^mdpbx hl_q_kl\_gguo ijhba\h^bl_e_c y\ey_lky \Z`g_crbf nZdlhjhf aZ]jmadb ijhba\h^kl\_gguo fhsghkl_c, ih^^_j`Zgby \ukhdh]h mjh\gy aZgylhklb b h[_ki_q_gby ^bgZfbqgh]h jhklZ wdhghfbdb. Ijb wlhf iheh`bl_evgh_ kZev^h \g_rg_lhj]h\uo hi_jZpbc ih lh\ZjZf b mkem]Zf h[_ki_qb\Z_l nbgZgkh\mx klZ[bevghklv gZ fZdjhmjh\g_, h[mkeh\eb\Zy lZdb_ [Zah\u_ iZjZf_lju wdhghfbq_kdhc [_ahiZkghklb kljZgu, dZd hnbpbZevgu_ ahehlh\Zexlgu_ j_a_j\u, \Zeh\uc b ]hkm^Zjkl\_gguc \g_rgbc ^he], h[f_gguc dmjk gZpbhgZevghc \Zexlu, ^hoh^u ]hkm^Zjkl\_ggh]h [x^`_lZ»1. <Z`g_crbfb ]eh[Zevgufb \uah\Zfb b l_g^_gpbyfb, dhlhju_ kms_kl\_ggh ih\ebyeb gZ mkeh\by hkms_kl\e_gby wdkihjlghc ^_yl_evghklb [_ehjmkkdbfb km[t_dlZfb ohayckl\h\Zgby \ ihke_^gb_ ]h^u, klZeb: 1) jhkl ]eh[Zevghc dhgdmj_gpbb gZ jugdZo lh\Zjh\ b 1 GZpbhgZevgZy ijh]jZffZ jZa\blby wdkihjlZ J_kim[ebdb ;_eZjmkv [We_dljhgguc j_kmjk]. – 2011. – URL: http://pravo.levonevsky.org/bazaby11/republic01/text820.htm 5 mkem], dZiblZeh\ b l_ogheh]bc; 2) m`_klhq_gb_ mkeh\bc ^hklmiZ d kujv_\uf, wg_j]_lbq_kdbf, \h^guf b ijh^h\hevkl\_ggubf j_kmjkZf, Z lZd`_ ljZgkihjlguf dhhjb^hjZf; 3) mkbe_gb_ jheb bggh\Zpbhggh]h wdhghfbq_kdh]h jhklZ b gZjZsb\Zgby wdkihjlZ gZ nhg_ kgb`_gby agZqbfhklb ljZ^bpbhgguo nZdlhjh\ jZa\blby gZpbhgZevguo wdhghfbd. <wlbomkeh\byo, ih fg_gbx ]eZ\u [_ehjmkkdh]h ]hkm^Zjkl\Z, «^b\_jkbnbdZpby wdkihjlZ, ihbkd gh\uo jugdh\ – \hijhk i_j\hkl_i_gghc \Z`ghklb, \hijhk \u`b\Zgby gZr_c kljZgu»2. <hl ihq_fm, aZ\_jrb\ \ p_ehf nhjfbjh\Zgb_ gZ ]hkm^Zjkl\_gghf mjh\g_ kbkl_fu klbfmebjh\Zgby b ih^^_j`db wdkihjlZ, hkgh\Zgghc gZ f_`^mgZjh^ghc ijZdlbd_, J_kim[ebdZ ;_eZjmkv \ayeZ dmjk gZ jZa\blb_, kh\_jr_gkl\h\Zgb_ b kha^Zgb_ mkeh\bc ^ey \\_^_gby gh\uo wnn_dlb\guo f_oZgbafh\ wlhc kbkl_fu. Hgh b ihgylgh: \ kblmZpbb ihkldjbabkgh]h jZa\blby fbjh\hc lhj]h\eb h[t_dlb\gh ^ey lZdbo kljZg, dZd ;_eZjmkv, ZdlmZebabjm_lky \_dlhj jZa\blby, gZijZ\e_gguc «gZ m\_ebq_gb_ gZmdh_fdhc b \ukhdhl_ogheh]bqghc ijh^mdpbb \ kljmdlmj_ wdkihjlZ, ^b\_jkbnbdZpbx ihklZ\hd gZ gh\u_ jugdb»3. Wnn_dlb\guf bgkljmf_glhf ^hklb`_gby h[hagZq_gguo p_e_c \ ^Zgghc h[eZklb y\ey_lky j_ZebaZpby [_ehjmkkdhc klhjhghc fgh]h\_dlhjghc \g_rg_wdhghfbq_kdhc iheblbdb, \jZfdZodhlhjhc ih^^_j`b\Zxlky \g_rg_lhj]h\u_ dhglZdlu k [hevrbgkl\hf aZjm[_`guo kljZg b hkms_kl\ey_lky Zdlb\gh_ mqZklb_ \ f_`^mgZjh^guo bgl_]jZpbhgguo ijhp_kkZo. Hfgh]hf\wlhck\yab ]h\hjyl lZdb_ nZdlu: «K_]h^gy J_kim[ebdZ ;_eZjmkv bf__l ^biehfZlbq_kdb_ ij_^klZ\bl_evkl\Z \ 56 ]hkm^Zjkl\Zo ih \k_fm fbjm. K mq_lhf Zddj_^blZpbb ihkeh\ ih kh\f_klbl_evkl\m, ;_eZjmkv 2 <klj_qZ k Fbgbkljhf bghkljZgguo ^_e <eZ^bfbjhf FZd__f