ECONOMIC SURVEY MANIPUR 2013-14 DIRECTORATE OF ECONOMICS & STATISTICS GOVERNMENT OF MANIPUR IMPHAL 1 PREFACE The Economic Survey, Manipur, 2013-14 presents a broad analysis of the latest economic situation of the state based on performance appraisal data collected from various sources. It is the 18th issue of the series. The salient feature of the state’s economy is briefly discussed in Part-I and supporting statistical tables are presented in Part - II. Some of the chapters/tables have been modified in the present issue on the basis of the data-base made available by the different Agencies/Departments. It is hoped that with the active co-operation of different Organisations/ Departments, the Directorate will be able to make improvements in the quality and contents of the publication in its future issues. The co-operation and help extended spontaneously by different Departments of the Government, local bodies and private institutions are gratefully acknowledged. I am happy to put on record, my appreciation to all the officers and staff of the Economic Analysis (EA) Unit of the Directorate for their untiring efforts put in for preparation of this publication. The co-operation extended by the Printing Press Unit of the Directorate in binding the publication is gratefully acknowledged. The contribution of the officials engaged in taking copies and also of the Graphics Section in designing cover are also acknowledged with thanks. I, sincerely, hope that this publication will prove to be useful to the planners, policy makers, social workers and researcher will help in enhancing their understanding on the socio- economic scenario of Manipur State. Suggestions for improvements in its future issue are most welcome. Dated/Imphal Peijonna Kamei The 18th June 2014 i/c Joint Director Directorate of Econ. & Statistics, Manipur 2 --- FOREWORD Statistical Information is one of the basic requirements in today’s fast changing society not only to understand and analyses various emerging issues and chalk out remedial measures but also to ensure effective implementation of developmental plans. It is an undeniable fact that there is an increasing awareness of the needs for planning and decision making on the basis of authentic numerical facts. Therefore, the task of documentation of data covering various socio-economic aspects becomes inevitable. The Directorate of Economics & Statistics as the nodal agency for all statistical activities in Manipur provides valuable services to meet the needs of data-users. It gives me immense pleasure to release the 18th issue of the publication entitled “Economic Survey Manipur 2013-14”. It contains X Chapters presenting latest available data with broad analysis of the state’s economy in Part I and Statistical Tables in Part II. Various Central and State Government Organisations and other Institutions have provided valuable helps and co-operations by making available of the required information in the preparation of this publication. I hope they will continue to extend their active co-operation in future too. It is hoped that this publication will be a great use to the planners, policy makers, administrators, social workers and research workers and will help in enhancing their understanding on the socio-economic scenario of Manipur State. Suggestions for improvements in its future issue are most welcome. Dated/Imphal Rajesh Agrawal The 15th June 2014 Commissioner, Economics & Statistics, Government of Manipur ----- 3 CONTENTS Chapter PART – I Page No. I GENERAL OBSERVATION i II DEMOGRAPHIC FEATURES 1 III STATE INCOME AND PRICES 25 IV STATE BUDGET AND PLANNING 39 V AGRICULTURE AND ALLIED SECTORS 63 Agriculture 63 Horticulture 73 Veterinary and Animal Husbandry 75 Forestry 78 Fisheries 83 VI RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND CO-OPERATION 85 VII INDUSTRIES AND MINERALS 99 VIII ECONOMIC INFRASTRUCTURE 123 Power 123 Irrigation 135 Transport and Communication 143 Banking 149 IX SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE 153 Education 153 Science and Technology 163 Ecology and Environment 166 Food and Civil Supplies 167 Health and Family Welfare Services 171 Water Supply and Sanitation 176 Development of Scheduled Tribes, Scheduled Castes and OBC 179 Social Welfare 183 Arts and Culture 186 Tourism 188 Empowerment of Women 190 Poverty 192 Labour and Employment 192 X MISCELLANEOUS 199 Economic Census 199 PART – II STATISTICAL TABLES 209 4 PART – I 5 CHAPTER I GENERAL OBSERVATION Manipur, one of the states situated in the North Eastern Region of India, is an isolated hill-girt state stretching between 92°58´E to 94°45´E longitudes and 23°50´N to 25°42´N latitudes. It is a charming place encircled by nine hill ranges on all sides with a small and beautiful oval shaped valley at the centre. The State has 352 kms. long international border with Burma (Myanmar) to the south-east and 502 kms. long border with the adjacent states of Nagaland on the north, Cachar District of Assam on the west and Chin Hills (Myanmar) and Mizoram on the south and the south-west and Surma Tract and upper Chindwin of Myanmar (Burma) on the East. The altitude of the State above the mean sea level varies from 790 metres to 2020 metres. It has sub-tropical temperate climate. The annual rainfall of Manipur, as recorded by ICAR, Lamphelpat is 1639.1 mm. in 2013. The State has a salubrious climate. 1.1 Manipur, though tiny in size, has a distinct history of its own. The recorded history of Manipur can be obtained from the State Royal chronicle called the Cheitharol Kumpaba which covers the period from 33 AD to 1890 AD. During this period, altogether 74 (seventy four) kings ruled the State, of which Nongda Lairen Pakhangba (33 AD to 154 AD) was the first and last was Kulachandra. Manipur was then a tiny independent kingdom. 1.1.1 Manipur lost her independence to the British India in the year 1891. From 1892 onwards it became a princely native state under the political control of Government of British India. Accordingly, the administration of the state came under the influence of a political agent by vesting all executive powers in him. This British Paramouncy continued till 1947 in which India got independence. 1.1.2 According to a merger agreement signed on 21st September, 1949 between Maharaja Budhachandra, the then king of Manipur and the government of India, the state was merged into India as a part “C” State on the 15th October, 1949 and administered by the President of India through a Chief Commissioner. Manipur ceased to be a part “C” State on the 1st November, 1956 and became a Union Territory under the Union Territorial Council Act, 1956. The Territorial Council consisting of 30 elected members and 2(two) nominated members was constituted on 16-8-1957. However, the Territorial Council was replaced by a 6 Territorial Legislative Assembly of 30 members and 2(two) nominated members from 23- 7-1963. Manipur became a full-fledged state within the Indian Union with a Governor as the Head of the state on the 21st January,1972 and the members of the Legislative Assembly was increased to 60. The first popular Ministry, after attaining statehood, was installed on March 20, 1972. 1.2 Manipur has a geographical area of 22,327 sq.kms. which constitutes 0.7 percent of the total land surface of India. Ninety Percent of the total geographical area of the state i.e. 20,089 sq.kms. is covered by hills, the remaining area is a small valley covering only 2,238 sq.kms. and accounting for only one-tenth of the total area of the state. 1.2.1 According to 2011 Census, the population of the state is 28.56 lakhs registering a population density of 128 per sq.km. The population has increased by 5.62 lakhs during the decade 2001 to 2011. Out of the total population of the state, 14.39 lakhs were males and the rest 14.17 lakhs were females. There are 7 (seven) scheduled castes communities and 33 (thirty- three) different scheduled tribes of different ethnic groups presenting complicated socio- economic phenomena. There is apparent disparity in the level of income and consumption between the rich and the poor, between the urban elite and the rural poor, between the haves and have-nots and between the public living in the hills and in the valley. 1.2.2 The state has 51 towns (28 statutory towns and 23 census towns) and 2,588 villages as per 2011 census. Imphal is the capital city of Manipur. It has a population of about 2.71 lakhs and has almost all the facilities of a modern city. About 48 kms. away from Imphal towards south-east lies the Loktak Lake, the largest fresh water lake in the North-Eastern Region of India. This lake which covers an area of 216 sq.kms., is the biggest natural source of fish supply which is one of the important food items of the people of the state. 1.3 The state of Manipur splits up naturally into two tracts viz. the hills and the dales. The hill comprises of five districts namely (i) Senapati; (ii) Tamenglong; (iii) Churachandpur; (iv) Chandel; and (v) Ukhrul, while the valley consists of four districts viz. (i) Imphal East; (ii) Imphal West; (iii) Bishnupur; and (iv) Thoubal. The valley areas of Manipur has two constituent parts, one of which is the Imphal valley in the heart of the state and the other is Jiri valley in the west beyond the pale of hill ranges bordering the Cachar District of Assam. The districts were further divided into sub-divisions. There are altogether 38 (thirty eight) sub- divisions. Table No. 1(a) of Part II gives a picture of Manipur State in figures at a glance and Table No.