Imprint: Publisher: Bayreuth Marketing und Tourismus GmbH und Gesellschaft für christlich-jüdische 41 On the tracks of Jewish life in Bayreuth Zusammenarbeit Bayreuth e.V. Design: GMK – Medien. Marken. Kommunikation. Bayreuth Map of city: Michael Wegener Map of city center: Engelbrecht Design + Werbung, Berlin Facilities in the Working Life: Birthplaces and former Streets named in Texts: Christine Bartholomäus M.A., Stadtarchiv 53 unter Mitarbeit von Dr. Norbert Aas, Frank Nicklas Community: 6 addresses of renowned remembrance of Jews: Photo front page, Photo Synagogue (new), Photo Mikvah: Badstr. 30, Abraham Norbert Miguletz 1 personalities: 37 Photos: Israelitische Kultusgemeinde, Stadtarchiv Bayreuth, Synagogue with mikvah, Fleischer, (Owners Isaak Harburgerstraße Bayreuth Marketing & Tourismus GmbH Print: ????? Münzgasse 2 and Samuel Fleischer), 27 No responsibility is accepted for the correctness of this information. Dr. Fischel Arnheim (1812- 38 Judengasse As of February 2019 cattle sales 1864), Opernstr. 7 (= Von-Römer-Straße) 7 Dammwäldchen 4*, solicitor, bavarian 39 Jakob-Herz-Straße Lion Löwensohn, first Member of Parlament 40 Bayreuther chocolate, Maximilianstraße 9 Dr.-Würzburger-Straße 28 Prof. Dr. Siegfried sugar confectionary and 41 12 Karl-Marx-Str. 6*, Bettmann (1869-1939), Levistraße fruit preserve factory, 29 S. Strauß & Sons, Luitpoldplatz 17*, Time of the National Prinzessinnen- also “Apparatebauanstalt haus Cemetery horse and cattle trade doctor, dermatologist, Socialist persecution Bavaria” 13 Karl-Marx-Str. 13, professor at the University 2 Cemetery, Prehistory and 8 Erlangerstr. 19, privat men- Heidelberg Max Oppenheim, skin Anti-Semitism Nürnberger Str. 9 tal home, Dr. Würzburger and fur store, later Selmar 29 3 Former community (later Kulmbacher Str. 103) Richard Engelmann (1868- 42 Wahnfriedstr. 1, Oppenheim, Oppinwerke, 1966), Markgrafenallee 44, house, Münzgasse 5* 9 Chamberlain-Villa Friedrich-Puchta-Str. 26, shoe dispatch shipments sculptor, professor at the with mikvah and kosher 43 Dr. Hugo Holzinger, doctor 14 Kulmbacher Str. 103*, Maximilianstr. 2/4*, butchers cabin higher education institu- and obstetrician private mental home tion for visual arts Weimar “Brown House”, seat 50 4 School classroom, central 10 Kanzleistr. 15, Dr. Würzburger, later of the NSDAP regional 36 30 Dr. Heinrich Harburger 54 school house (Graser- Antiquarian Seligsberg Sanatorium Mainschloss administration (“Gaulei- school), Schulstr. 4 and Herzoghöhe (1851-1916), tung”) Bayerische Ostmark 11 Karl-Marx-Str. 4*, Kämmereigasse 9* 5 Jewish Community 15 Locations of the Jakob Kaufmann, Luitpoldplatz 2, attorney, President of the 14 13 and Culture Centre with Reichspogromnacht 1938 Post leather goods (suitcases Max und Leopold Higher Regional Court Museum (to be completed 12 and school satchels) Reinauer, Ludwig Munich’s Senate, ­honorary 1 Münzgasse 2, Synagogue 40 in 2020), Münzgasse 9 Heimann, textile manu- 11 professor 44 Carl-Schüller-Str. 20 Agentur 44 facturer and textile store für Arbeit University Munich 1/2, textile store “G. 16 Maximilianstr. 2*, 31 Roßkamm” (owner: Jakob Simon Pfefferkorn, Julius Herz von Hertenried (1825-1910), and Adele Strauß) womens clothing, 37 Kulmbacher Str. 7* 45 Luitpoldplatz 17*, curtains and textile store 9 „WILHELMINENAUE“ engineer, railway con- textile store “Dessauer” 17 Maximilianstr. 9, struction in Bavaria, Swit- 46 Cineplex 45 Richard-Wagner-Str. 20*, n Max Harburger, i Neues le zerland, Austria, inherited k 28 c Rathaus Rathaus II e l Rudolph Weigert’s f n i textile store a M knighthood in Austria 52 m Nürnberger Bazar A 4 18 Maximilianstr. 46, 49 32 Hilde Marx (1911-1986), 47 H.M.Wilmersdörffer, Schloßberglein 3*, 18 15 later Gutta and Max Richard-Wagner-Str. 4* toy store (owner: Ilse ➛ 24 3 author 5 Friedmann) Post Schloss-22 Synagoge Oberfranken- Wilmersdörffer, Paul 19 47kirche 39 48 Altes 21 20 halle Nördlinger, manufactured 33 Dr. Albert Neuburger 48 Maximilianstr. 33, Schloss 23 1 35 31 38 27 Maximilianstraße 2 goods, textile supplies (1867-1943), Kirchgasse 22 police station in the 1643 6 19 Maximilianstr. 71, electrochemist, author of Old Town Hall 33 30 17 Das historical technical books, 8 Moritz Fleischer, later 49 Hindenburgstr. 1*, 25 Zentrum History of the Isaac Zwirn, shoe store (“Die Technik des Alter- 32 stables of the abattoir Stadtfriedhof Stein- 10 mit Grabkapelle Franz Liszt 7 Neues 46 Community 20 Münzgasse 11, tums”, 1919) and newspa- graeber Schloss 50 Markgrafenallee 30*, und Jean Paul Grabmal Palais Volksfest- Simon Fleischmann, per articles 26 platz The history of the Bayreuth ing in an economic upswing, state court prison book print, bag and paper 34 Emanuel Osmund (1766- 42 Jewish Community goes despite the ever-present Locations of remembrance factory, later Ludwig 1842), Friedrichstr. 16 Friedrichs-Forum back to the Middle Ages. anti-semitic hostilities. Hönigsberger friend of Jean Paul, 51 Memorial stones, Jewish Since the 13th century These intensify in the 1920’s 21 Opernstr. 7, banker and retailer cemetery, Nürnberger Str. 9 there is evidence proving with the rise of National 34 Julius Aptekmann later 52 the existence and the perse- Socialism. After the seize of 35 Josef Rubinstein (1847- Memorial stones, New Hermann Reinauer, cution of Jews in the power in 1933 the situation 1884), Badstr. 31*, Town Hall, Luitpoldplatz 13 Reinauer&Düring, town. After the Jews had pianist of Richard Wagner, 53 dramatically worsens and tabacco store Exhibition “Silenced to leave the margraviate in Jewish citizens resign and grave in the Jewish Voices” (“Verstummte 22 Opernstr. 11*, 1515 only few isolated Jews leave the town. In 1933 the Cemetary Bayreuth Stimmen”) and plaque, department store inhabited Bayreuth until the Jewish population in Bay- Festspielpark Friedmann, Erwege, 36 Justin Steinhäuser 18th century. Their living cir- reuth counted 261 people, in Joseph Friedmann later (1891-1966), Friedrich- 54 Plaque external camp Bay- cumstances were depend- November 1938 this number Max Friedmann and law von-Schiller-Str. 14* reuth as part of the con- ant on the goodwill of the had sunk to just 80. The office Dr. Richard merchant and city council centration camp Floßen- Margraves who granted Reichspogromnacht on the Herzstein, lawyer bürg, Spinnereistraße protection due to finan- 9. / 10.11.1938 shows just 23 cial interests of their own. how severe the situation Opernstr. 16, * buildings torn down, partly replaced through new buildings. “Landstände” (political rep- had become. After the two Moses and David resentatives of the estates deportations in 1941 and Seckel, coin supplier and Court Jew, later Family in the German Empire dur- 1942 only few Jews, those Wertheimer, later Isidor 2 51 ing the Middle Ages) and that had Christian spouses, Dittmann, male clothes the municipal council were remained in Bayreuth. The store rather hostile and restrictive end of the Second World towards Jews. War brought about a revival 24 Opernstr. 22, Margrave Friedrich (reigned of Jewish life in the city due Luitpold Kurzmann, from 1735-1763) made a re- to many Jewish “Displaced department store for establishment of a Jewish Persons”, most of these wool and fashion items Community possible. He however emigrated later as well as toys, then Adolf allowed the settlement of 10 on. Only very few of the and Oscar Marx Jewish families and gave his Bayreuth Jews that were 25 Richard-Wagner-Str. 4*, consent to the Court banker Heinrich Schriefer, deported and persecuted Tierpark and coin supplier Moses returned to their home- department store for Röhren- see Seckel to set up a syna- town. The small remaining wool and fashion items gogue. The rapidly growing community received an as well as toys, then number of the community, upswing when quota refu- Adolf and Oscar Marx in 1792 389 Jews lived in gees from the former Soviet 26 Richard-Wagner-Str. 38, Bayreuth and in 1837 the Union came in the 1990’s. law office Berthold Klein, Jewish population peaked at Now round about 500 Jews lawyer 530 Jewish citizens, result- call Bayreuth their home. Opernstraße 16 Fanggasse WC/for handicapped people handicapped WC/for Tourist-Info stop bus parking street parking bus garage parking parking WC P P BUS P P WC Su. and public holidays 10 am - 2 pm 2 - am 10 holidays public and Su. MARKETING & TOURISMUS GMBH TOURISMUS & MARKETING MARKETING & TOURISMUS GMBH TOURISMUS & MARKETING 12 06 Eremitage - Old Palace Old - Eremitage Jean Paul Platz / Friedrichstraße / Platz Paul Jean 3:21 Min. 3:21 100 m 100 3:55 Min. 3:55 – additional May to October to May additional – N Mo. - Fr. 9 am - 7 pm, Sa. 9 am - 4 pm 4 - am 9 Sa. pm, 7 - am 9 Fr. - Mo. 11 05 A 9 Bayreuth-Süd 9 A Eremitage - Sun Temple Sun - Eremitage New Palace New 3:19 Min. 3:19 3:26 Min. 3:26 Eine Kooperation von: Kooperation Eine Opening hours: Opening www.bayreuth.tomis.mobi 10 04 Festival Theatre Festival Courtyard Garden Courtyard 3:03 Min. 3:03 2:36 Min. 2:36 of the Bayreuth Touristic Office. Also available on the web: web: the on available Also Office. Touristic Bayreuth the of P E-Mail: [email protected] E-Mail: offer exclusive an is This landline. German to call fee: Connection W i l h e L 09 03 phone 0921/885-88 phone l Old Palace Old m + 481 9400 810 0911 Haus Wahnfried - Richard Wagner Museum Wagner Richard - Wahnfried Haus the necessary extension number. extension necessary the dial Please 2:55 Min. 2:55 3:54 Min. 3:54 e i n e n o s t W r a Opernstraße 22, 95444 Bayreuth 95444 22, Opernstraße p g m u r o F - s h c i r d e i r F ß e BUS P a n o i 08 02 Market Place and Old Town Hall Town Old and Place Market h Margravial Opera House Opera Margravial 3:17 Min. 3:17 r 3:30 Min. 3:30 l Tourist-Information: d r n e s f r Your Mobile Audio Guide Audio Mobile Your t h i r e 06 c a 07 01 Stadtkirche and Kanzleistraße and Stadtkirche d Castle Terraces Castle 3:18 Min.