ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES ADDS ABABA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINNERING Dimension and Radio Planning of WiMAX Network for Advanced Real-Time Two-Way Communication Services: Case of Addis Ababa-to-Djibouti BY Tewodros Abebe A Thesis Submitted to School of Graduate Studies Addis Ababa University in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for The Degree of Masters of Science In Electrical Engineering Jun 2016 ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES ADDIS ABABA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING Dimension and Radio Planning of WiMAX Network for advanced Real-time Two-way Communications Services: case of Addis Ababa-to-Djibouti Tewodros Abebe Approval by Board of Examiners __________________ ______________ Chairman, Dept. Graduate Signature Committee Mr. Abi Abate ______________ Advisor Signature __________________ _______________ Internal Examiner Signature __________________ _______________ External Examiner Signature Dimension and Radio Planning of WiMAX Network For Advanced Real-Time Two-Way Communication Services: Case of Addis Ababa-To-Djibouti i Declaration I, the undersigned, declare that this thesis is my original work, has not been presented for a degree in this or any other university, and all sources of materials used for the thesis have been fully acknowledged. Tewodros Abebe _________________ Name Signature Place: Addis Ababa Date of Submission: ___________________ This thesis has been submitted for examination with my approval as a university advisor. Mr. Abi Abate __________________ Advisor’s Name Signature Dimension and Radio Planning of WiMAX Network For Advanced Real-Time Two-Way Communication Services: Case of Addis Ababa-To-Djibouti ii Abstract Currently track circuit system is used for train controlling and signaling along Ethio-Djibouti railway line. However, track circuit system has a lot of limitations such as low data rate, narrow bandwidth, malfunction in bad weather and low reliability. Train control system is crucial issue that needs improvement in selected railway corridor. On other hand adopting entertainments for passengers will add a value for the company (Ethiopian Railway Corporation). This thesis work analyze, design and dimension the WiMAX network for advanced real-time two-way communications services for the case of Addis-to-Djibouti. The main significance of WiMAX network for the selected route is attaining robust train control system and providing fast enough communication for passengers, real-time services for stations and on board controllers, and etc... The study attempted in order to address the need to invest on more communication speed levels in Ethiopia and future available upgrade options from under construction system. In addition, levels of safety standards and train control technology are investigated by comparing with other communication systems. The research objectives endeavored by identifying series of steps towards achieving the best communication system along the selected route which can provide wide bandwidth. This will result safe, efficient and competitive transportation system. The study mainly focus on WiMAX network coverage and capacity calculation in order to get appropriate position for transmitters (BTS) along the selected route. The numerical and simulation results offer a best mobile broadband network for different purposes on the specific transportation system such as train control, signaling, online ticketing, real time multimedia, online gaming and downloading. The study methodologies selected are qualitative, quantitative and analytical data analysis methods and similarly data presentation methods of the study include, not exclusively; graphs, charts, tabular formation and in words. Finally computer aided simulation have done by using Atoll software and matlab. The scope of the research outlined is discussion concerning only the components of railroad infrastructure which are both technical and non-technical in their nature. The final outputs of the study are documented series of technical measures that will enable Ethiopian rail service to boost its communication system speed. Key-words Mobile Broadband communication Architecture, Railway, WiMAX, IEEE802.6. Dimension and Radio Planning of WiMAX Network For Advanced Real-Time Two-Way Communication Services: Case of Addis Ababa-To-Djibouti iii Acknowledgement First of all, I have no word to thank the almighty God. Also the work accounted in this thesis would not have been possible without the support and assistance of a great many people around me. Secondly my advisor Mr. Abi, It is your guidance, advice and feedback that made me strong and come back to the right track from my hopeless situation. Also it’s memorable as long as I alive what you have done to me at my busiest time. All I have for this moment is only THANK YOU! I would also like to thank my sponsor Ethiopian Railway corporation in for providing this opportunity to further my educational career. I would like to thank my mother Kebebush Tefera, Mr. Eskindir Mekonen, Miss Genet Brihanu, My aunt Abebech Siyoum and Mr. Milkiyas Belay for helping from the beginning up to right now. Lastly, I would like to thank my all my parents and everyone who have supported and encouraged me throughout my long journey of life. Dimension and Radio Planning of WiMAX Network For Advanced Real-Time Two-Way Communication Services: Case of Addis Ababa-To-Djibouti iv Table of Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................................................ iii Acknowledgement ....................................................................................................................................... iv Abbreviations/Acronyms ........................................................................................................................... viii List of Tables ................................................................................................................................................ x List of Figures .............................................................................................................................................. xi Chapter One .............................................................................................................................................. - 1 - 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... - 1 - 1.1 General Background ................................................................................................................. - 1 - 1.2 Statement of the Problem .......................................................................................................... - 2 - 1.3 Objectives ................................................................................................................................. - 4 - 1.3.1 General Objectives ............................................................................................................ - 4 - 1.3.2 Specific Objectives ........................................................................................................... - 4 - 1.4 Related Works ........................................................................................................................... - 4 - 1.5 Methodology ............................................................................................................................. - 5 - 1.6 Scope of the Thesis ................................................................................................................... - 7 - 1.7 Contributions ............................................................................................................................. - 7 - 1.8 Thesis Outline ........................................................................................................................... - 7 - Chapter Two.............................................................................................................................................. - 8 - 2. Overview of WiMAX Network and the Route ................................................................................. - 8 - 2.1 Overview of Wireless Mobile Broadband Communication System ......................................... - 8 - 2.2 WiMAX Network ..................................................................................................................... - 8 - 2.2.1 Wireless Channel Overview ................................................................................................ - 10 - 2.2.2 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) ..................................................... - 11 - 2.2.3 Adaptive Modulation and Coding ....................................................................................... - 12 - 2.2.4 Multiple Antenna Systems .................................................................................................. - 13 - 2.3 WiMAX Network Architecture .............................................................................................. - 13 - 2.3.1 Quality of Service (QoS) ..................................................................................................... - 15 - 2.4 Description of Route ..............................................................................................................