Philippines 2.3.5.1 Manila LRT Key Information Network length xxx Operational lines 2 Stations xxx Ridership xxx Fare system xxx Track and Power xxx Technology Automatic train control Commencement of operations December 1984 Background: Metro Manila is the national capital region of the Philippines, encompassing 16 cities, namely, Manila, Caloocan, Las Piñas, Makati, Malabon, Mandaluyong, Marikina, Muntinlupa, Navotas, Pasay, Pasig, Parañaque, Quezon City, San Juan, Taguig and Valenzuela, and the Municipality of Pateros. In addition to the Manila light rail transit (LRT), the region is also served by the Manila Metro Rail Transit system (Manila MRT). Key players: Light Rail Transit Authority (LRTA), a government-owned and controlled corporation under the Department of Transportation and Communications (DoTC), owns and operates the system. LRT Line 1 (LRT-1) was initially operated by METRO Incorporated, which was a wholly owned subsidiary of the Manila Electric Company. However, after a turbulent employee strike in 2000, the LRTA decided not to renew the 16-year operations and maintenance (O&M) agreement with METRO and has since taken over the operation of the line. In October 2014, Light Rail Manila Consortium (LRMC) secured the contract to construct the extension of LRT-1 to Cavite as well as provide O&M for the entire LRT-1 for xxx years. The consortium comprises Metro Pacific Investments Corporation (MPIC) Light Rail Corporation (xxx per cent share), Ayala AC Infrastructure Holdings Corporation (xxx per cent share), and Macquarie Infrastructure Holdings Philippines Pte Limited (xxx per cent share). MPIC is one of the three main Philippine units of Hong Kong-based First Pacific Company Limited. LRTA will continue as a regulating body for the rail transport sector after relinquishing its role of LRT developer and operator to LMRC. Current network: The system comprises two lines that span about xxx km and cover xxx stations. Figure 2.3.5.1.1 provides the route map. XX Global Mass Transit Research Project Profiles Figure 2.3.5.1.1: Route map Source: LRTA Table 2.3.5.1.1 provides the network details. Table 2.3.5.1.1: Current network Line Length Operating Operational Terminal stations Stations Operator (Colour) (km) speed (kmph) since Line 1 xxx xxx xxx xxx LRTA xxx December (Green) 1984 Line 2 xxx xxx xxx xxx LRTA xxx April 2003 (Blue) Total - - xxx xxx - - - Source: LRTA XX www.globalmasstransit.net Philippines LRT Line 2 (LRT-2) was constructed at a cost of PHPxxx billion. Most of the funds came as soft loans from the xxx. The concessional loan had a xxx per cent rate of interest for xxx packages, and is payable over xxx years with a xxx-year grace period. Metro Rail Transit Line 3 (MRT-3) spans xxx km from North Avenue in Quezon City to Taft Avenue in Pasay City. Ridership: Table 2.3.5.1.2 indicates the design capacity and actual ridership of the urban rail lines in Manila. Table 2.3.5.1.2: Design capacity and actual ridership (2013) Line Design capacity (per day) Actual ridership (per day) LRT-1 xxx xxx LRT-2 xxx xxx MRT-3 xxx xxx Source: LRTA Table 2.3.5.1.3 indicates the annual ridership in 2012 and 2013. Table 2.3.5.1.3: Ridership in 2012 and 2013 (million passengers) Line 2014 (January to October) 2013 2012 LRT-1 xxx xxx xxx LRT-2 xxx xxx xxx Total xxx xxx xxx Source: LRTA Rolling stock and technology: LRT-1 uses xxx-car, xxx-car and xxx-car trains. There are xxx railway cars grouped into xxx trains. These include xxx first-generation cars, xxx second- generation cars, and xxx third-generation cars. During peak hour, xxx train trips are provided. The first-generation trains comprised xxx-car trains supplied by Belgium-based xxx, South Korea-based xxx (both currently part of xxx) and xxx (now xxx). Over time, most of the cars were configured as xxx-car trains. The second-generation trains comprised xxx-car trains supplied by xxx and xxx and the xxx- generation trains were supplied by Japan-based xxx. Table 2.3.5.1.4 gives the technical details of the rolling stock on LRT-1. XX Global Mass Transit Research Project Profiles Table 2.3.5.1.4: Technical details of LRT-1 trains Old fleet Transformed train New fleet Parameter (xxx-car train) (xxx-car train) (xxx-car train) Car type xxx xxx xxx Car size xxx xxx xxx Train length xxx xxx xxx Articulation xxx xxx xxx Capacity xxx xxx xxx Traction system xxx xxx xxx Car body shell xxx xxx xxx Source: LRTA LRT-2 deploys xxx heavy-rail xxx-car trains with xxx bodies and xxx. The trains on LRT-2 are more spacious than the trains on LRT-1 and MRT-3. Each train is xxx metres long and xxx metres wide. It has xxx sliding doors per side, xxx units of mounted air conditioners, a public address system, and a capacity of xxx passengers (xxx seated and xxx standing). During peak hour, xxx train sets are deployed. The maximum speed of the trains is xxx km/hr and the travel time between Santolan and Recto is xxx minutes. Tracks are xxx. Power is sourced from xxx on board trains (xxx) and overhead catenary (xxx). An automatic train control (ATC) signalling system is deployed on both lines. xxx, has supplied spare parts for the rolling stock and track guiding system. xxx has supplied spare parts for the signalling and power supply systems. xxx has supplied spare parts for the power supply system. Fare system: An xxx based on xxx is used for fare collection. The LRT-1 fare was increased to PHP15 in 2003 but fares on LRT-2 have remained unchanged. The new fare matrix for LRT and MRT will be based on the ‘PHP11 boarding fee plus PHP1 per km’ formula, where users are charged based on travel distance. It will raise the maximum fare on LRT-1 to PHP30 (instead of PHP20 currently) and that on LRT-2 to PHP25 (instead of PHP15). The maximum fare on MRT-3 will increase from PHP15 to PHP28. Key issues: While LRT-1 serves at capacity, LRT 2 remains underutilised. Currently, xxx trains (xxx light rail vehicles) run every day although the ideal number is xxx trains (xxx light rail vehicles). The number of trains plying the LRT-1 route was down to xxx in 2013 from xxx in 2012 while that of LRT-2 was down to xxx from xxx. This has translated to a higher load factor for both lines (xxx per cent for LRT-1 and xxx per cent for LRT-2). The growth in passenger volume has been constrained due to insufficient number of trains operating during peak hours. The condition of the trains has been deteriorating and LRTA is encountering problems in sourcing spare parts for trains that have been running for xxx years. XX www.globalmasstransit.net Philippines The government has announced plans to increase the fare of the urban rail systems in Manila but the announcement has sparked protests. Currently, the LRT fare is PHPxxx per trip but passengers pay only PHPxxx and the government provides PHPxxx (xxx per cent of the fare) as subsidy. Similarly, the MRT-3 fare is PHPxxx per trip, but passengers pay PHPxxx and the government provides the remaining PHPxxx (xxx per cent of the fare). The fare increase is being justified on the grounds that it is unfair for the rest of the Philippines to subsidise travel in Metro Manila. In addition, the government expects to generate PHPxxx billion to fund development projects. Extensions/ Capital projects: The ongoing capital projects are discussed below. xxx: The project involves extension of the line by xxx km from Baclaran station in Parañaque City to Niog in Bacoor, xxx; the construction of xxx intermediate stations, xxx satellite depot and xxx intermodal facilities; and the acquisition of xxx train sets. Of the total length, xxx km will be elevated and xxx km will be at-grade. The extension is expected to increase daily ridership by xxx passengers. The xxx stations after Baclaran are xxx. The intermodal facilities are at xxx, xxx and xxx. Entailing an investment of PHPxxx billion, the xxx extension is the DoTC’s largest public private partnership (PPP) project to date. LRMC has committed to invest PHPxxx billion (about xxx per cent will be debt). It is expected to secure xxx and begin construction by xxx. Service is expected to start by xxx. The government will acquire right-of-way for the extension and the satellite depot. It will also procure xxx rail cars funded through a grant from xxx. xxx: The project involves the construction of a xxx-km eastern extension of LRT-2 from Santolan in Pasig City to Masinag in Antipolo City. The line will be constructed as an elevated guideway or viaduct. The route will extend from the Santolan station along Marcos Highway in Pasig City up to the intersection of Marcos and Sumulong Highway. The extension will have xxx new stations. These are the xxx stations. The government will fund the project cost of PHPxxx billion. Funding of PHPxxx billion has been allotted for the project. The government will fund the construction of the line; procurement of rolling stock; installation and commissioning of the signalling, power supply, and telecommunication systems; as well as the integration of the existing xxx with the Masinag extension. LRT-MRT common ticketing: The project includes design, development, installation and implementation of a single ticketing system for LRT and MRT to replace the existing magnetic tickets; provision of the contactless media; maintenance of the system for a period of xxx years; and operation of the xxx.