BEDFORDSHIRE ARC, OG 1.11111"AlW,',Iipi 1,,T:!.'t 4 z;311J1,11.,40 1."'1!. ef[i' C4. .. ' VOLUME 17 BEDFORDSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGY is published by the BEDFORDSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL COUNCIL and was formerly issued as Bedfordshire Archaeological Journal Additional copies may be obtained from the Hon Sales Officer, 305 Goldington Road, Bedford. Contributions and matter for review should be sent to the Editor, Bedfordshire Archaeology at the Conservation Section, Planning Department, Bedfordshire County Council, County Hall, Cauldwell Street, Bedford, Bedfordshire MK42 9AP (telephone 0234 63222). Manuscripts should be typed on good quality paper with double spacing and a broad left-hand margin; photographs should be of at least half-plate size; and line illustrations should be of a size proportional to the page size of the journal, wheresoever possible; all illustrations should be fully lettered at a size suitable for the intended reduction. (Notes for contributors are available on request.) The Bedfordshire Archaeological Council Officers: 1 January 1986 Chairman R. Fowler Secretary IM. Bailey Assistant Secretary Miss E.G. Cole Treasurer B.D. Lazelle Editor D.H. Kennett Assistant Editor Mrs E.M. Baker (editor from 1 May 1986) together with the representatives of the archaeological societies and museums of the county: Ampthill and District Archaeological and Local History Society Bedford Archaeological Society Bedford Museum Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire and Cambridgeshire Historic Buildings Research Group Conservation Section, Planning Department, Bedfordshire County Council Harlington Upper School Higham Ferrers Hundred Archaeological Society Luton Museum Manshead Archaeological Society of Dunstable North Bedfordshire Archaeological Society Potton and District Local History Society Shefford and District Local History Society South Bedfordshire Archaeological Society Material in Bedfordshire Archaeology is copyright. The views expressed by individual contributors are their own and do not necessarily reflect those of the Bedfordshire Archaeological Council. BEDFORDSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGY VOLUME 17 BEDFORDSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL COUNCIL BEDFORDSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGY is published by The Bedfordshire Archaeological Council Additional Copies may be obtained from the Hon Sales Officer at 305 Goldington Road, Bedford (telephone 0234 61344) price £5.50, plus postage Bedfordshire Archaeology, the periodical of the Bedfordshire Archaeological Council, was formerly issued as Bedfordshire Archaeological Journal Bedfordshire Archaeology, 17, 1986 was edited and designed by David H. Kennett with the assistance of Evelyn Baker with additional proof-reading by Richard Hagen, John Hutchings and Angela Simco ISSN 0408-7666 C The Bedfordshire Archaeological Council and the individual authors, 1986 CONTENTS Twenty-Five Years of the Bedfordshire Archaeological Council By David H. Kennett 1 Ring-Ditch Sites in the Great Ouse Valley: Notes relating to the Bronze Age burial sites at Roxton, Radwell and Willington with specific reference to double ring-ditches By Peter J. Woodward .. 7 A Ring Ditch at Radwell Quarry By Andrew Pinder.. .. 10 Excavations at Willington 1984: I The Bronze Age By Andrew Pinder . .. 15 Excavations at Willington 1984: II Iron Age and Roman Periods By Andrew Pinder (with a contribution from Ann Stir land) .. .. 22 The Ecclesiastical Topography of Early Medieval Bedford By Jeremy Has lam ..41 Three Excavations in Bedford, 1979-1984 By Evelyn Baker (with contributions from Georgina Brine, Annie Grant, Mark Robinson, Mike Wilkinson) 51 The Creation: Marginalia and Ornament in the Refectory Paintings of Bushmead Priory By David Park .. .. 72 The Moated Site and Timber-Framed Building at Mavourn Farm, Bolnhurst By David H. Kennett, Angela Simco and Terence Paul Smith ..77 Timber-Framed Porches to Bedfordshire Churches By Terence Paul Smith... .. 86 A Timber-Framed House and Barn in Wilstead Road, Elstow By Terence Paul Smith .. .. 95 Plates Cover: Reconstruction by Andrew Pinder of Iron Age farm at Willington LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Twenty-Five Years of the Bedfordshire Archaeological Council Figure1 Publications: volume size .. .. .. 1 2 Publications: analysis of contents .. .. 2 and 3 3 Publications: contributors .. .. 5 4 Conferences.. .. 6 A Ring Ditch at Radwell Quarry Figure1 Plan of site.. .. .. 11 2 Sections .. .. 12 3 Finds .. .. .. 13 Platela Cropmarks .. ..99 Excavations at Willington; 1984: I The Bronze Age Figure1 Prehistoric pierced stones .. .. 15 2 Crop marks east of Bedford .. .. .. 16 3 Area 1: contour survey and alluvium deposits.. .. 17 4 Area 1: plan:, area VI: plan .. .. 18 5 Area 1: ditch sections .. .. ..19 6 Area 1: ditch sections .. .. 20 7 Finds .. .. .. .. .. 21 Platelb Cropmarks at Willington .. 99 Excavations at Willington, 1984: IIIron Age and Roman Periods Figure1 Area H: plan .. ..23 2 Area H: large enclosure ditches . 24 3 Area II: small enclosure ditches . .. 25 4 Area H: sections of small enclosure ditches .. 25 5 Area II: hut circles .. 26 6 Area II: external features .. .. 27 7 Area H: pottery .. 28 and 29 8 Area II: pottery .. 30 and 31 9 Area II: loom weights . .. 32 10 Area II: loom weights .. .. 33 11 Roman Features: all areas .. 34 12 Area V: plan .. 35 13 Area V: sections.. .. 36 14 Area V: fmds .. .. 37 15 Area III: section .. ..38 16 Area III: fmds .. .. 39 17 Roman cremation vessels .. 40 The Ecclesiastical Topography of Earty Medieval Bedford Figure1 Domesday Hundreds and the Norman Deanery of Bedford .. .. 42 2 Bedford and neighbouring parishes . .. ..47 iv Three Excavations in Bedford, 1979-1984 Figure1 Location plan . 52 2 Saxon and medieval pottery.. .. 53 3 Finds .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 54 4 The Saffron Ditch and Liberal Club: location plan 55 5 Liberal Club: plans and sections .. 57 6 Bennett's Works: location plan .._ 60 7 Bennett's Works: planned features. 62 8 Bennett's Works: sections .. 63 9 Bennett's Works: site matrix . 65 10 Duck Mill Lane: plan and section .. 67 The Creation: Marginalia and Ornament in the Refectory Paintings of Bushmead Priory Plate 2 Refectory: west wall and window .. .. .. .. .. .. ..100 3 Refectory: painting east end of north wall; detail of border on west window. .. ..101 4 Refectory: west wall border details. .. .. ..102 5 Peterborough Psalter; Ormesby Psalter details ..103 6 Adam and Eve scene: Bushmead Priory, St Omer Psalter, Easby church .. .. .. .. .. .. ..104 7 Creation of Adam: Bushmead Priory, Wells Cathedral . 105 8 Refectory: west window details . ..106 The Moated Site and Timber-Framed Building at Mavourn Farm, Bolnhurst Figure1 Mavoum Farm, Bolnhurst: the moated site .. 79 2 Mavourn Farm, Bolnhurst: plans .. .. 82 3 Mavoum Farm, Bolnhurst: chamfer stops . .. 83 4 Mavoum Farm, Bolnhurst: details of side purlins .. .. 84 Timber-Framed Porches in Bedfordshire Churches Figure1 Flitwick, church of St Peter and St Paul: south porch, plan .. 86 2 Flitwick, church of St Peter and St Paul: south porch, elevations and section .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 87 3 Ravensden, church of All Saints: south porch, south face . 88 4 Salford, church of St Mary: north porch, plan .. .. .. 90 5 Salford, church of St Mary: north face and sections. .. .. 91 6 Tilsworth, church of All Saints: south porch, face and section .. 92 A Timber-Framed House and Barn in Wilstead Road, Elstow Figure1 No 200, Wilstead Road, Elstow: plan and section .. .. 96 Notes on Contributors EVELYN BAKER NDD MIFA is the Assistant Editorthree years in post graduate archaeological research on for Bedfordshire Archaeology. She received a fine artprehistoric art, and has worked as a freelance archaeo- education at the Portsmouth College of Art and the Stlogical illustrator. He has been the Archaeological Albans School of Art. She became involved inAssistant for Bedfordshire County Council's Archaeo- archaeology through working as a draughtsman and logical Field Team since 1981, since when he has finds assistantat the Fishboume Roman Palace undertaken a number of projects including supervision excavations. Supervision of various sites in Hampshire at Grove Priory. was interspersed with being Assistant Director of the Elstow Abbey excavations and directing excavations in Bedford. Other major excavations include monasticANGELA SIMCO BA MIFA is Senior Conservation sites at Grove Priory and Warden Abbey, which has led Officer (Field Archaeology) in the Planning Depart- to becoming a committee member for the Medievalment of the Bedfordshire County Council. She has Tile Census. She is the Archaeological Field Officer for contributed studies of the Iron Age and work at Bedfordshire County Council, managing the rescue Bushmead Priory, Newnham and Stotfold to issues of excavation service. Publications include contributionsBedfordshire Archaeological Journal. to the Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of London, Rotterdam Papers and issues of BedfordshireTERENCE PAUL SMITH BA MA MLitt MIFA is a Archaeological Journal. member of St John's College, Cambridge. He has recently published The Medieval Brickmaking Industry in England, 1400-1450. His papers on windmills, Anglo- JEREMY HASLAM MA is the author of Medieval Saxon churches, early brick buildings and vernacular Pottery and Early Medieval Towns. He was the editor of buildings in various counties including Cambridge- Anglo-Saxon Towns in Southern England, to which heshire, Hertfordshire, Kent and Lincolnshire have contributed essays on towns in Wiltshire and in Devon.appearedin many journalsincludingissuesof He has published essays on the early development ofBedfordshire
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