Working Group on 'Environmental Indicators and the Impacts of Traffic Management Systems and other Measures on the Alpine Environment' (EnvALP) EnvALP: Synthesis Report on the Environ- mental Legislation with a special focus on the Alpine Area Synthesis and Country Information Final report 26 November 2014 Synthesis Report on environmental legislation with a special focus on the Alpine Area EnvALP Imprint Authors: Christoph Schreyer (FOT, Chair WG EnvALP), Matthias Rinderknecht (FOT), Claudia Schwarz (ifuplan), Stefan Marzelli (ifuplan) with contributions from members, national experts and observers of the EnvALP Working group: Hugo Amacker, Fed. Office for the Environment FOEN Ueli Balmer, Fed. Office for Spatial Planning ARE Henrik Caduff, Abi, Liechtenstein Grazia M. Cacopardi, Min. Infrastrutture e Trasporti Maren Gläser, BMVI Germany Sylvain Glantenay, French Ministry of Ecology Jörg Häberli, Federal roads office FEDRO Nikolaus Ibesich, UBA Austria Niklas Joos, Office for Env. Protection Canton Uri Klaus Kammer, Fed. Office for the Environment FOEN Irina Kreinbucher, BMVIT Austria Antonello Laveglia, Permanent Secretariat of the Alpine Convention Thierry Louis, French Ministry of Ecology Stefan Marzelli, ifuplan Germany Andreas Nägele, European Commission - DG MOVE Alice Noulin, French Ministry of Ecology Zlatko Podgorski, Ministry of infrastructure+spatial planning Matthias Rinderknecht, Federal Office of Transport FOT Christoph Schreyer, Federal Office of Transport FOT Disclaimer: This report shows the situation at the time in May 2014 (formally adopted 26 November 2014). Imprint 2/72 Synthesis Report on environmental legislation with a special focus on the Alpine Area EnvALP Table of contents 1 Introduction and Objectives ............................................................................................................ 5 1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 5 1.2 Objectives ................................................................................................................................... 6 1.3 Status and structure of the report ............................................................................................... 6 1.4 Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................... 7 2 Overview of the legal basis ............................................................................................................. 7 2.1 Primary law ................................................................................................................................. 7 2.2 Secondary law ............................................................................................................................ 9 2.2.1 Secondary law in EU ...................................................................................................................... 9 2.2.2 Secondary law in national legislation of Member States of the Zurich Process ............................ 11 3 Emission limit values and emission-class differentiated tolls/fees .......................................... 12 3.1 Air pollutant, greenhouse gas and noise emission limits and regulations regarding fuel quality .................................................................................................................................................. 12 3.2 Emission class differentiated tolls, fees, driving bans etc.: ...................................................... 14 4 Air pollution exposure thresholds ................................................................................................ 14 4.1 The European framework Directive on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe ............ 14 4.2 Regulations in Switzerland and Liechtenstein .......................................................................... 16 4.3 Discussion of commons and differences .................................................................................. 16 4.4 The European situation ............................................................................................................ 18 5 Noise regulation ............................................................................................................................. 24 5.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 24 5.2 European framework directive: Environmental Noise Directive (END) .................................... 25 5.3 Regulations in the different European countries ...................................................................... 26 5.3.1 Overview and structure of noise regulations ................................................................................. 26 5.3.2 Comparison of noise limit values in residential areas ................................................................... 27 5.4 The European situation ............................................................................................................ 28 5.5 Discussion of commons and differences .................................................................................. 29 6 Implementation, enforcement, sanctions .................................................................................... 30 7 Conclusions .................................................................................................................................... 31 Annex .................................................................................................................................................... 33 A. Legal Basis ..................................................................................................................................... 34 A.1 Primary law ............................................................................................................................... 34 A.2 Secondary law .......................................................................................................................... 38 A.2.1 Austria: ......................................................................................................................................... 38 A.2.2 France: ......................................................................................................................................... 38 A.2.3 Germany: ...................................................................................................................................... 39 Table of contents 3/72 Synthesis Report on environmental legislation with a special focus on the Alpine Area EnvALP A.2.4 Italy: .............................................................................................................................................. 40 A.2.5 Liechtenstein: ............................................................................................................................... 41 A.2.6 Slovenia ........................................................................................................................................ 41 A.2.7 Switzerland: .................................................................................................................................. 41 B. Overview emission limit values .................................................................................................... 42 B.1 Emission limit values for air pollutants, greenhouse gases and noise per country .................. 42 B.2 Air pollutant emission limit values for heavy goods vehicles by EURO class: ......................... 45 B.3 National emission limits for GHG.............................................................................................. 46 B.4 Fuel Quality / driving bans ........................................................................................................ 47 B.4.1 Fuel quality ................................................................................................................................... 47 B.5 Emission-class differentiated tolls/fees, driving bans ............................................................... 48 B.5.1 Overview....................................................................................................................................... 48 B.5.2 Austria .......................................................................................................................................... 48 B.5.3 France: ......................................................................................................................................... 51 B.5.4 Germany ....................................................................................................................................... 53 B.5.5 Italy ............................................................................................................................................... 53 B.5.6 Slovenia ........................................................................................................................................ 56 B.5.7 Switzerland/Liechtenstein ............................................................................................................. 57 B.5.8 Driving bans/etc. ........................................................................................................................... 58 C. Ambient air quality limit values ...................................................................................................