Family: Apocynaceae Taxon: Pachypodium lamerei Synonym: Pachypodium champenoisianum Boiteau Common Name: Madagascar palm Pachypodium ramosum Costantin & Bois palmeira de Madagascar Questionaire : current 20090513 Assessor: Chuck Chimera Designation: L Status: Assessor Approved Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 1 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? y=1, n=-1 103 Does the species have weedy races? y=1, n=-1 201 Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If island is primarily wet habitat, then (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High high) (See Appendix 2) 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 n 204 Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates y=1, n=0 y 205 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 ? 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2), n= question 205 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 y 402 Allelopathic y=1, n=0 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals y=1, n=-1 405 Toxic to animals y=1, n=0 406 Host for recognized pests and pathogens y=1, n=0 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans y=1, n=0 y 408 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems y=1, n=0 n 409 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle y=1, n=0 n 410 Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions (or limestone conditions if not a volcanic island) y=1, n=0 y 411 Climbing or smothering growth habit y=1, n=0 n Print Date: 11/14/2012 Pachypodium lamerei (Apocynaceae) Page 1 of 7 412 Forms dense thickets y=1, n=0 n 501 Aquatic y=5, n=0 n 502 Grass y=1, n=0 n 503 Nitrogen fixing woody plant y=1, n=0 n 504 Geophyte (herbaceous with underground storage organs -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) y=1, n=0 n 601 Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native habitat y=1, n=0 n 602 Produces viable seed y=1, n=-1 y 603 Hybridizes naturally y=1, n=-1 604 Self-compatible or apomictic y=1, n=-1 605 Requires specialist pollinators y=-1, n=0 y 606 Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation y=1, n=-1 n 607 Minimum generative time (years) 1 year = 1, 2 or 3 years = 0, >3 4+ years = -1 701 Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants growing in heavily trafficked y=1, n=-1 n areas) 702 Propagules dispersed intentionally by people y=1, n=-1 y 703 Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant y=1, n=-1 n 704 Propagules adapted to wind dispersal y=1, n=-1 y 705 Propagules water dispersed y=1, n=-1 706 Propagules bird dispersed y=1, n=-1 707 Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally) y=1, n=-1 708 Propagules survive passage through the gut y=1, n=-1 801 Prolific seed production (>1000/m2) y=1, n=-1 802 Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 yr) y=1, n=-1 n 803 Well controlled by herbicides y=-1, n=1 804 Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation, cultivation, or fire y=1, n=-1 y 805 Effective natural enemies present locally (e.g. introduced biocontrol agents) y=-1, n=1 Designation: L WRA Score 1 Print Date: 11/14/2012 Pachypodium lamerei (Apocynaceae) Page 2 of 7 Supporting Data: 101 1999. Rapanarivo, S.H.J.V.. Pachypodium [Is the species highly domesticated? No evidence] (Apocynaceae): Taxonomy, Ecology & Cultivation. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 102 2012. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. NA 103 2012. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. NA 201 2005. Staples, G.W./Herbst, D.R.. A Tropical [Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) 2-High] "A native of Garden Flora - Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian Madagascar often cultivated as a container plant in temperate regions." Islands and Other Tropical Places. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, HI 202 2005. Staples, G.W./Herbst, D.R.. A Tropical [Quality of climate match data 2-High] Garden Flora - Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian Islands and Other Tropical Places. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, HI 203 2012. Dave's Gardern. PlantFiles: Madagascar [Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility)? No] "Hardiness: USDA Zone Palm - Pachypodium lamerei. 9a: to -6.6 °C (20 °F) USDA Zone 9b: to -3.8 °C (25 °F) USDA Zone 10a: to -1.1 http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/509/ °C (30 °F) USDA Zone 10b: to 1.7 °C (35 °F) USDA Zone 11: above 4.5 °C (40 [Accessed 14 Nov 2012] °F)" 203 2012. South African National Biodiversity [Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility)? No] "P. lamerei is a Institute. PlantzAfrica.com - Pachypodium. succulent, arborescent species but is very variable. Plants are 1.5-8.0 m high, http://www.plantzafrica.com/plantnop/pachypodiu with a sturdy, branched stem. The tips are clogged in a dense mass of branches m.htm [Accessed 14 Nov 2012] with dark olive-green leaves that are glossy above and paler below. The flowers are large and white. This species is found in southern and southwestern Madagascar. It commemorates Lamère, whose collections included the type specimen. It grows on limestone or gneiss rocks in dry forest or in full sun up to 750 m above sea level. " 204 2005. Staples, G.W./Herbst, D.R.. A Tropical [Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates? Yes] "A Garden Flora - Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian native of Madagascar often cultivated as a container plant in temperate regions." Islands and Other Tropical Places. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, HI 205 2005. Staples, G.W./Herbst, D.R.. A Tropical [Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural Garden Flora - Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian range? Hawaiian Islands] "A native of Madagascar often cultivated as a container Islands and Other Tropical Places. Bishop plant in temperate regions, P. lamerei is the most commonly cultivated Museum Press, Honolulu, HI pachypodium in the Hawaiian Islands." 205 2012. Dave's Gardern. PlantFiles: Madagascar [Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural Palm - Pachypodium lamerei. range? Widely cultivated, but may be more common as an indoor potted plant] http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/509/ "Grenoble, Foley, Alabama Montgomery, Alabama Chandler, Arizona (2 reports) [Accessed 14 Nov 2012] Goodyear, Arizona Mesa, Arizona Oro Valley, Arizona Phoenix, Arizona (2 reports) Scottsdale, Arizona Bostonia, California Del Aire, California Downey, California Duarte, California Fresno, California Hayward, California La Mirada, California La Presa, California La Puente, California Lake Elsinore, California Los Angeles, California Murrieta Hot Springs, California Norwalk, California Oceanside, California Palm Springs, California Ramona, California Reseda, California Round Valley, California San Antonio Heights, California San Clemente, California San Diego, California (4 reports) San Francisco, California Santee, California Simi Valley, California Thousand Oaks, California Venice, California Vista, California Yorba Linda, California Edgewater, Colorado Big Pine Key, Florida Bonnie Lock-woodsetter North, Florida Bradenton, Florida Cudjoe Key, Florida Lake Worth, Florida Mary Esther, Florida Miami, Florida North Andrews Gardens, Florida Orangetree, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Port Charlotte, Florida Sarasota, Florida South Venice, Florida Spring Hill, Florida Wekiva Springs, Florida Whitfield, Florida Yigo, Guam Kailua Kona, Hawaii Lihue, Hawaii Maalaea, Hawaii Mishawaka, Indiana Kenner, Louisiana Metairie, Louisiana Baltimore, Maryland Mount Clemens, Michigan Minneapolis, Minnesota Columbia, Missouri Maryland Heights, Missouri Rogersville, Missouri Teaneck, New Jersey Alden, New York Millbury, Ohio Briggs, Oklahoma Warren Center, Pennsylvania Vieques, Puerto Rico Little River, South Carolina Summerville, South Carolina Dallas, Texas Dickinson, Texas Fort Worth, Texas Galveston, Texas Grape Creek, Texas La Porte, Texas Laguna Heights, Texas Pearland, Texas Bellingham, Washington Lannon, Wisconsin Mount Pleasant, Wisconsin" Print Date: 11/14/2012 Pachypodium lamerei (Apocynaceae) Page 3 of 7 301 2009. Chong, K.Y./Tan, H.T.W./Corlett, R.T.. A [Naturalized beyond native range? No evidence in Singapore] "Pachypodium Checklist of the Total Vascular Plant Flora of lamerei Drake; Apocynaceae; cultivated only" Singapore: Native, Naturalized and Cultivated Species. Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research, National University of Singapore, Singapore 301 2012. Randall, R.P.. A Global Compendium of [Naturalized beyond native range? No evidence] Weeds. 2nd Edition. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia 301 2012. Wagner, W.L./Herbst, D.R./Khan, N./Flynn, [Naturalized beyond native range? No evidence] T.. Hawaiian Vascular Plant Updates: A Supplement to the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai`i & Hawai`i's Ferns & Fern Allies. http://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/hawai ianflora/supplement.htm 302 2012. Randall, R.P.. A Global Compendium of [Garden/amenity/disturbance weed? No evidence] Weeds. 2nd Edition. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia 303 2012. Randall, R.P.. A Global Compendium of [Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed? No evidence] Weeds. 2nd Edition. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia 304 2012. Randall, R.P.. A Global Compendium of [Environmental weed? No evidence] Weeds. 2nd Edition. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia 305 2012. Randall, R.P.. A Global Compendium of [Congeneric weed? No species listed as weed.