JUNE 2012 VOL 23 NO 5 AFRICA www.cvja.co.za CardioVascular Journal of Africa (official journal for PASCAR) • Global target on non-communicable diseases • Obesity and blood pressure level of adolescents in Abeokuta • Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension • Cardiovascular risk in black Africans • Robotically controlled ablation for atrial fibrillation • Cardiovascular disease in sub-Saharan Africa • Effusive constrictive pericarditis • Heart failure guidelines • The role of aspirin in cardiovascular disease PUBLISHED ONLINE: Cardiovascular Journal of Africa . Vol 23, No 5, June 2012 Africa . Vol Cardiovascular Journal of • The dangerous fifth chamber • Rocking mitral annuloplasty ring Printed by Durbanville Commercial Printers Tel: 021 946 4074 Tel: Printed by Durbanville Commercial Printers Today’s Prevention. Tomorrow’s Protection. Reduce your risk of stroke and heart attack with Bayer Aspirin Cardio® 100 Why take Bayer Aspirin Cardio® 100? Aspirin, an antiplatelet agent, which slows the clotting process, is widely used among patients with cardiovascular disease, which includes heart attacks, stroke and peripheral vascular disease. 1, 2, 5, 6 During a heart attack, blood clots form in an already-narrowed artery and block the fl ow of oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle or to parts of the brain, in the case of a stroke. 7 Studies have shown that aspirin reduced the number of strokes by 20 % and heart attacks by 30 %. It has been determined that for every 67 patients treated to protect against heart attacks and stroke, one life could be saved with low-dose aspirin therapy. 6 Doctors use different guidelines to decide who should take daily aspirin. Consult your Doctor or Pharmacist. What are the Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke? 3, 4 Major Risk Factors Include: • Cigarette smoking • Hypertension (high blood pressure) Protect • High cholesterol their passion • Diabetes mellitus for living. • Advancing age • Atrial Fibrilation Other Risk Factors Include: • Obesity • Physical Inactivity • Family History of premature coronary heart disease • Blood clotting abnormalities Information brought to you by Bayer, the innovators of Aspirin. References: 1. Cox D, Maree O, Dooley M, Conroy R, Byrne M, Fitsgerald DJ. Effect of Enteric Coating on Antiplatelet Activity of Low-Dose Aspirin in Healthy Volunteers. 2006;2153-2158. 2. Healthwise Website. WebMD Reference from Healthwise. Last Updated: December 09,2010 3. Grundy S, Balady GJ, Criqui MH, Fletcher G, Greenland P, Hiratzka, Housten-Millar N, Kris-Etherton P, Krumholz HM, LaRosa J, Ockene IS, Pearson TA, Reed J, Washington R, Smith SC. Primary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease: Guidance from Framingham. A statement for healthcare professionals from the AHA task force on risk reduction. 2011;1876-1887 4. Chock AWY, O’Brien KK, Stading JA, Shea JL. Stroke risks and primary stroke prevention. 2011. The Journal of Modern Pharmacy. August 20-26 5. Package Insert for Bayer Aspirin Cardio 100 6. Weisman SM, Graham DY. Evaluation of the benefi ts and risks of low-dose aspirin in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. 2002;162:2197-2202. 7. WebMD. Heart Disease Health Centre: Low-Dose Aspirin Therapy – Topic Overview S0 Bayer® Aspirin Cardio 100. Each tablet contains 100 mg of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Reg. No. 31/8/0413. For full prescribing information refer to the package insert approved by the Medicines Regulatory Authority (MCC). Bayer (Pty) Ltd, Reg.No.1968/011192/07. 27 Wrench Road, Isando, 1609. Tel (011) 921-5911. L.ZA.GM.04.2012.0409 10000141HC ISSN 1995-1892 (print) ISSN 1680-0745 (online) AFRICA Cardiovascular Journal of Africa www.cvja.co.za TS EDITORIAL 241 New global target on non-communicable diseases: a call to action for the global cardiovascular disease community EN J Ralston T N CARDIOVASCULAR TOPICS O 245 Feeding the emergence of advanced heart disease in Soweto: a nutritional survey of C black African patients with heart failure S Pretorius • K Sliwa • V Ruf • K Walker • S Stewart 252 Treatment of subaortic stenosis in hearts with single-ventricle physiology B Saritas • E Ozker • C Vuran • Ç Gunaydin • C Ayabakan • R Turkoz 255 Early diastolic functional abnormalities in normotensive offspring of Nigerian hypertensives AM Adeoye • AA Adebiyi • OO Oladapo • OS Ogah • A Aje • DB Ojji • AK Adebayo • KC Ochulor • EO Enakpene • AO Falase 260 Obesity and blood pressure level of adolescents in Abeokuta, Nigeria OL 23, NO 5. JUNE 2012 OL IO Senbanjo • KA Oshikoya V 265 Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among adults 50 years and older in Dakar, Senegal E Macia • P Duboz • L Gueye 270 Control of cardiovascular risk in black Africans with type 2 diabetes in Senegal (Contrôle du risque cardio-vasculaire chez les diabétiques de type 2 noirs africains au Sénégal) NV Yaméogo • A Mbaye • M Ndour • LJ Kagambega • H Diomande • R Hakim • A Thiam • A Diallo • SN Diop • D Diagne • B Diack • A Kane 274 Robotically controlled ablation for atrial fibrillation: the first real-world experience in Africa with the Hansen robotic system F Lorgat • E Pudney • H van Deventer • S Chitsaz INDEXED AT SCISEARCH (SCI), PUBMED AND SABINET EDITORS SUBJECT EDITORS EDITORIAL BOARD INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY Editor-in-Chief (South Africa) Nuclear Medicine and Imaging PROF PA BRINK PROF A LOCHNER BOARD PROF AJ BRINK DR MM SATHEKGE Experimental & Laboratory Biochemistry/Laboratory PROF DAVID CELEMAJER Cardiology Science Australia (Clinical Cardiology) Heart Failure Assistant Editor PROF KEITH COPELIN FERDINAND DR G VISAGIE PROF R DELPORT PROF BM MAYOSI PROF JAMES KER (JUN) Chemical Pathology Chronic Rheumatic Heart USA (General Cardiology) Paediatric Disease DR SAMUEL KINGUE Regional Editor DR S BROWN PROF MR ESSOP Cameroon (General Cardiology) DR A DZUDIE Haemodynamics, Heart Failure DR MT MPE Renal Hypertension & Valvular Heart Disease Cardiomyopathy DR GEORGE A MENSAH USA (General Cardiology) Regional Editor (Kenya) DR BRIAN RAYNER DR OB FAMILONI PROF DP NAIDOO DR F BUKACHI Echocardiography PROF WILLIAM NELSON Surgical Clinical Cardiology USA (Electrocardiology) DR F AZIZ PROF B RAYNER Regional Editor (South Africa) DR V GRIGOROV DR ULRICH VON OPPEL Hypertension/Society PROF R DELPORT Adult Surgery Invasive Cardiology & Heart Wales (Cardiovascular Surgery) DR J ROSSOUW Failure PROF MM SATHEKGE PROF PETER SCHWARTZ Nuclear Medicine/Society Italy (Dysrhythmias) Electrophysiology and Pacing PROF J KER (SEN) PROF ERNST VON SCHWARZ DR A OKREGLICKI Hypertension, Cardiomyopathy, PROF YK SEEDAT USA (Interventional Cardiology) Cardiovascular Physiology Diabetes & Hypertension Epidemiology and Preventionist DR J LAWRENSON PROF H DU T THERON PUBLISHING CONSULTANT DR AP KENGNE Paediatric Heart Disease Invasive Cardiology Mike Gibbs LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 273 The grapefruit: an old wine in a new glass? Metabolic and cardiovascular perspectives PMO Owira 285 Comment on: A systematic overview of prospective cohort studies of cardiovascular disease in sub-Saharan Africa Z-H Gao • R-Y Yuan REVIEW ARTICLE 281 The prevalence and outcome of effusive constrictive pericarditis: a systematic review of the literature TS M Ntsekhe • CS Wiysonge • PJ Commerford • BM Mayosi EN CONFERENCE REPORT 286 Novo Nordisk incretin leadership summit, Cape Town T P Wagenaar • G Hardy • J Aalbers N O DRUG TRENDS C 295 New ESC heart failure guidelines with South African expert comment J Aalbers 299 EINSTEIN-PE study results, with South African expert comment J Aalbers 300 The role of aspirin in cardiovascular disease prevention P Wagenaar PUBLISHED ONLINE (Available on www.cvja.co.za and in Pubmed) OL 23, NO 5. JUNE 2012 OL CASE REPORTS V e1 Severe haemoptysis due to subclavian arteritis A Lioulias • P Misthos • P Drosos • N Karagiannidis • D Pavlopoulos • M Mitselou e3 The dangerous fifth chamber: congenital left atrial appendage aneurysm KM Tigen • CEM Dogan • A Guler • S Hatipoglu • M Yanartas • C Kirma e5 Corrected transposition of the great arteries with previously unreported cardiac anomalies A Kaya • IH Tanboga • M Kurt • T Işik • M Ozgokce • S Topçu • E Aksakal e8 Rocking mitral annuloplasty ring P Panduranga • MK Mukhaini HEALTHCARE e11 Repair of a right coronary artery arising from the pulmonary artery A Guler • MA Sahin • C Gunay • A Jahollari • H Tatar MANAGING EDITOR PRODUCTION COPYRIGHT: Electronic abstracts available on Pubmed Clinics Cardive Publishing (Pty) Ltd. JULIA AALBERS CO-ORDINATOR Audited circulation Tel: 021 976 4378 WENDY WEGENER LAYOUT: Fax: 086 610 3395 Full text articles available on: www.cvja. Tel: 021 976-4378 Martingraphix e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] co.za or via www.sabinet.co.za; for access PRINTER: codes contact [email protected] Durbanville Commercial Printers PRODUCTION EDITOR GAUTENG CONTRIBUTOR Subscriptions for 10 issues: SHAUNA GERMISHUIZEN PETER WAGENAAR South Africa: R650 (excl VAT) Tel: 021 785 7178 ONLINE SERVICES: Cell 082 413 9954 Design Connection Overseas: R1306 Fax: 086 628 1197 e-mail: [email protected] Online subscription: R200 e-mail: [email protected] All submissions to CVJA are to be CONTENT MANAGER made online via www.cvja.co.za The views and opinions expressed in the articles and reviews published are those EDITORIAL ASSISTANT & MICHAEL MEADON (Design Connection) Electronic submission by means of an CIRCULATION Tel: 021 975 3785 of the authors and do not necessarily e-mail attachment may be considered reflect those of the editors of