Volume 3 Number 3 / 2009 Arctic Antarctic INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIRCUMPOLAR SOCIOCULTURAL ISSUES Volume 3 Number 3 / 2009 ISSN 1851-4685 Arctic Contents Volume 3 Number 3 / 2008 Antarctic Anna Stammler-Gossmann (University of Lapland, Finland): Negotiating the indigenous status in the Russian Federation /7 Snorri Örn Árnason & Helgi Gunnlaugsson(University of Iceland) : The Grey Area: Ethical Dilemmas in the Icelandic Business Community /53 Valentina Farías, Graciela Montero, Raúl Calfín (University FASTA-Bariloche, Argentina)& Javier Mignone (University of Manitoba, Canada) : International Journal of Circumpolar Interculturality in Patagonian Medicine: An Interpretation from the History of the Americas /63 Sociocultural Issues Miikka Pyykkönen (University of Jyväskylä, Finland): From Politics to Business? Social firms as the locomotives of the third sector transition in Finland /91 Ingólfur V. Gíslason (University of Iceland ) : Gender changes in Iceland. From rigid roles to negotiations /121 Contributor's information / 151 Institutional information /153 Foundation for High Studies on Antarctica and Extreme Environments FAE / Publications (Buenos Aires, Argentina) The Arctic & Antarctic International Journal of Circumpolar Socio-Cultural Issues* (A&A-IJCSCI), is an international, peer-reviewed, scholarly journal published annually on behalf of the International Association of Circumpolar Socio-Cultural Issues (IACSI) and the Foundation of High Studies on Antarctica and Extreme Environments (FAE, Argentina), under the auspices of the University of Iceland (Department of Sociology), the University of Jyväskylä (Department of Social Sciences and Philosophy, Finland), the University of Oulu Arctic Antarctic (Thule Institute, Finland), the Universidad del Salvador (Circumpolar Studies Program, Research Direction, Vice-Rectorate of Research & Development, Argentina), the University INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIRCUMPOLAR SOCIOCULTURAL ISSUES of Québec at Montréal (International Laboratory for the Comparative Interdisciplinary Study of Representations of the North, "Imaginaire du Nord ", Canada), and the Arctic Centre, University of Lapland (Rovaniemi, Finland). TheA&A-IJCSCI has been created by scholars from Social Sciences, Anthropology and Humanities, and also from individuals with different backgrounds but interested in these perspectives and themes, to provide a forum for the study and discussion of the different and Contact: interdependent socio-cultural aspects of both circumpolar regions, promoting an international and interdisciplinary dialogue concerning the subjects thereof. In this sense, we Dr Enrique del Acebo Ibáñez privilege articles in the Journal with reference to: Circumpolar Studies Program - Local Communities and Extreme Environments Research Direction Vice-Rectorate of Research & Development - Habitat, Social Interaction and Identity Universidad del Salvador - Social Problems and Policies Rodríguez Peña 770, 2nd floor 1020-Buenos Aires, Argentina - Minorities and Aboriginal Cultures Tel./Fax: (+54 11) 4813-1381 / 4813-0681 - Migration and Socio-cultural Integration E-mail: [email protected] / [email protected] - Prehistory and History - Literature and Arts Subscriptions: - Geopolitics and International Relations Individual subscriptions: € 30 (thirty Euros) - Arctic and Antarctic Comparative Studies (free for members of IACSI). Institutional subscription - Other issues related to socio-cultural themes concerning circumpolar areas. : € 100 (one hundred Euros). Subscribers: Please, pay your subscription to Association's bank account: Thinking of the importance of a holistic understanding of the circumpolar phenomenon, we IBAN: FI3550350420022335 (Swift/BIC code: OKOYFIHH) and get in touch with the co-editor have also considered the need to study the "circumpolar theme" in its bi-polar dimension: the Miikka Pyykkönen: [email protected] Arctic and the Antarctica, in order to look for convergences and divergences under the debates Local/Global, and North/South, and also looking for the production and transference of knowledge. * Logo and name legally registered.. ____________________________________________________________________ The next issue ofArctic & Antarctic - International Journal of Circumpolar Socio-Cultural Issues will be published September 2010. Contributions must be sent before the end of March 2010. Besides articles, the issues can include seminar and conference reports, book reviews, Esta publicación es propiedad de la Fundación de Altos Estudios Antárticos y Ambientes Extremos comments or discussions. (FAE, Argentina) y Enrique del Acebo Ibáñez, Ayacucho 926, 4º B, (C1111AAD) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. ____________________________________________________________________ © Fundación de Altos Estudios Antárticos y Ambientes Extremos (FAE, Argentina) and E. del Acebo Ibáñez. Foundation for High Studies on Antarctica anda Extreme Environments / Publications The Arctic & Antarctic International Journal of Circumpolar Socio-Cultural Issues* (A&A-IJCSCI), is an international, peer-reviewed, scholarly journal published annually on behalf of the International Association of Circumpolar Socio-Cultural Issues (IACSI) and the Foundation of High Studies on Antarctica and Extreme Environments (FAE, Argentina), under the auspices of the University of Iceland (Department of Sociology), the University of Jyväskylä (Department of Social Sciences and Philosophy, Finland), the University of Oulu Arctic Antarctic (Thule Institute, Finland), the Universidad del Salvador (Circumpolar Studies Program, Research Direction, Vice-Rectorate of Research & Development, Argentina), the University INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIRCUMPOLAR SOCIOCULTURAL ISSUES of Québec at Montréal (International Laboratory for the Comparative Interdisciplinary Study of Representations of the North, "Imaginaire du Nord ", Canada), and the Arctic Centre, University of Lapland (Rovaniemi, Finland). TheA&A-IJCSCI has been created by scholars from Social Sciences, Anthropology and Humanities, and also from individuals with different backgrounds but interested in these perspectives and themes, to provide a forum for the study and discussion of the different and Contact: interdependent socio-cultural aspects of both circumpolar regions, promoting an international and interdisciplinary dialogue concerning the subjects thereof. In this sense, we Dr Enrique del Acebo Ibáñez privilege articles in the Journal with reference to: Circumpolar Studies Program - Local Communities and Extreme Environments Research Direction Vice-Rectorate of Research & Development - Habitat, Social Interaction and Identity Universidad del Salvador - Social Problems and Policies Rodríguez Peña 770, 2nd floor 1020-Buenos Aires, Argentina - Minorities and Aboriginal Cultures Tel./Fax: (+54 11) 4813-1381 / 4813-0681 - Migration and Socio-cultural Integration E-mail: [email protected] / [email protected] - Prehistory and History - Literature and Arts Subscriptions: - Geopolitics and International Relations Individual subscriptions: € 30 (thirty Euros) - Arctic and Antarctic Comparative Studies (free for members of IACSI). Institutional subscription - Other issues related to socio-cultural themes concerning circumpolar areas. : € 100 (one hundred Euros). Subscribers: Please, pay your subscription to Association's bank account: Thinking of the importance of a holistic understanding of the circumpolar phenomenon, we IBAN: FI3550350420022335 (Swift/BIC code: OKOYFIHH) and get in touch with the co-editor have also considered the need to study the "circumpolar theme" in its bi-polar dimension: the Miikka Pyykkönen: [email protected] Arctic and the Antarctica, in order to look for convergences and divergences under the debates Local/Global, and North/South, and also looking for the production and transference of knowledge. * Logo and name legally registered.. ____________________________________________________________________ The next issue ofArctic & Antarctic - International Journal of Circumpolar Socio-Cultural Issues will be published September 2010. Contributions must be sent before the end of March 2010. Besides articles, the issues can include seminar and conference reports, book reviews, Esta publicación es propiedad de la Fundación de Altos Estudios Antárticos y Ambientes Extremos comments or discussions. (FAE, Argentina) y Enrique del Acebo Ibáñez, Ayacucho 926, 4º B, (C1111AAD) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. ____________________________________________________________________ © Fundación de Altos Estudios Antárticos y Ambientes Extremos (FAE, Argentina) and E. del Acebo Ibáñez. Foundation for High Studies on Antarctica anda Extreme Environments / Publications Arctic Antarctic INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIRCUMPOLAR SOCIOCULTURAL ISSUES Volume 3 Number 3 - 2009 ISSN 1851-4685 Foundation for High Studies on Antarctica and Extreme Environments FAE / Publications (Buenos Aires, Argentina) Cover design: Matías Reck Illustration: Ushuaia by night (Tierra del Fuego, Argentina) (Photo: Patricio H. Reck) EDITORS Responsible Editor Enrique del Acebo Ibáñez Universidad del Salvador & University of Buenos Aires (Argentina) Co-Editors Helgi Gunnlaugsson University of Iceland (Iceland) Miikka Pyykkönen University of Jyväskylä (Finland) Daniel Chartier University of Québec-Montréal (Canada) Jarkko Saarinen University of Oulu (Finland) Anna Stammler-Gossmann University of Lapland (Finland) Editorial Asisstants Françoise Martins de Souza Rodrigo Hobert