BALDUINIA. n. 30, p. 03-24, 30-VIl-2011 SURVEY ON BUTIA (BECC.) BECC. (ARECACEAE) FROM RIO GRANDE DO SUL STATE (BRAZIL)l LEONARDO PAZ DEBLE2 JOSÉ NEWTON CARDOSO MARCHIORP FABIANO DA SILVAALVES4 ANABELA SILVEIRA DE OLIVEIRA-DEBLES SUMMARY Ten species of Butia (Becc.) Becc. were recognized to Rio Grande do Sul State flora: Butia catarinensis, B. eriospatha, B. exilata, B. lallemantii, B. missionera, B. odorata, B. paraguayensis, B. pulposa, B. witeckii and B. yatay. T'Y0 new species were presently described: Butia exilata and B. missionera. The natural occurrence of Butia paraguayensis is confirmed to the State flora, being defined its extent of occurrence area. Butia microspadix is excluded to Rio Grande do Sul State flora. Butia stolonifera is defined species dubia. A key to the identification of native species is given, as well as illustrations (photos and drawns). Key words: Arecaceae, Butia catarinensis, Butia eriospatha, Butia exilata, Butia lallemantii, Butia missionera, Butia odorata, Butia paraguayensis, Butia pulposa, Butia witeckii, Butia yatay, Palmae, Rio Grande do Sul State, Plant Taxonomy. RESUMO [Levantamento do gênero Butia (Becc.) Becc. (Arecaceae) no Rio Grande do Sul]. Foram reconhecidas dez espécies de Butia (Becc.) Becc. como nativas no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul: Butia catarinensis, B. eriospatha, B. exilata, B. lallemantii, B. missionera, B. odorata, B. paraguayensis, B. pulposa, B. witeckii e B. yatay. Duas dessas espécies (Butia exilata, B. missionera) são presentemente des- critas. Butia paraguayensis é confirmada para o Estado, sendo definida sua área de ocorrência. Butia microspadix é excluída da flora sul-rio-grandense; Butia stolonifera é definida como species dubia. É fornecida uma chave para identificação das espécies nativas no Estado, bem como ilustrações. Palavras-chave: Arecaceae, Butia catarinensis, Butia eriospatha, Butia exilata, Butia lallemantii, Butia missionera, Butia odorata, Butia paraguayensis, Butia pulposa, Butia witeckii, Butia yatay, Palmae, Rio Grande do Sul, Taxonomia Vegetal. INTRODUCTION Sul (Brazil) and Uruguay coastlines, and the Butia (Becc.) Becc. is a PaIm genus growing "paIm-dome or dwarf-palm" (Butia lallemantii), mainly on grasslands in central regions of South in southwest Rio Grande do Sul. America, specially in Paraguay, northeast Ar- Beccari (1887) was the first to use the name gentina, center-west and southeast Brazil and Butia as a subgenus under Cocos L.; Uruguay. In certain areas, some species can forrn subsequently, Barbosa Rodrigues (1903) treated magnificent colonies, as e.g. the "yatay-palm" Butia in a subsection leveI within Cocos and (Butia yatay), in Entre Rios (Argentina), the recognized the following species: Cocos "butia-palm" (Butia pulposa), in Rio Grande do dyeriana Barb. Rodr., C. eriospatha Mart., C. odorata Barb. Rodr., C. pulposa Barb. Rodr., C. schyzophylla Mart., C. stolonifera Barb. I Aceito para publicação em 12-VIl-2011. 2 Dr. Professor at Urcamp (Universidade da Região da Rodr., and C. yatay Mart. Campanha), Bagé, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil In a later paper, Beccari (1916) elevated [email protected] Butia to generic leveI, accepting seven species: 3 Dr. Professor at UFSM (Universidade Federal de Santa Maria), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. B. capitata (Mart.) Becc., B. eriospatha (Mart.) 4 MSc. Professor at Urcamp (Universidade da Região da Becc., B. leiospatha, B. stolonifera, B. yatay, B. Campanha), Alegrete, Rio Grande do Sul. bonnetii and B. pungens; the last two bynomina 5 Dr. Professor at Urcamp (Universidade da Região da Campanha), Dom Pedrito, Rio Grande do Sul. was proposed by rum. In addition, the author 3 included seven varieties under B. capitata, and pubispatha Noblick & Lorenzi. Furthermore, a the varietyparaguayensis to B. yatay. Furtherrnore, key from Brazilian species, descriptions, photos Beccari listed three other species of Cocos, and geographic distribution of all species forrnerly described by Barbosa Rodrigues into occurring in the country (and also the doubtfully subsection Hariry, as possibly belonging to Butia native B. marmorii Noblick) were also (C. arenicola, C. amadelpha, and C. furnished. wildemaniana), and also proposed a key to the Soares & Longhi (2011) described Butia genus. witeckii as endemic in central region of Rio Bondar (1964) treated Butia as a group under Grande do Sul State (Quevedos municipality). Cocos, recognizing seven species: Cocos The authors included a key to species that grow capitata Mart., C. eriospatha Mart., C. in Rio Grande do Sul State, and also add Butia leiospatha Mart., C. microspadix Burret, C. paraguayensis in their key, a species considered odorata Barb. Rodr., C. pulposa Barb. Rodr. and by several authors as doubtful to Rio Grande do C. yatay Mart. Sul State. Glassman (1970) accepted Butia as a well defined group under Syagrus, with five species: TAXONOMIC TREATMENT Syagrus arenicola (Barb. Rodr.) Frambach ex The genus Butia comprises 19 species, being Dahlgr., S. capitata (Mart.) Glassman, S. 17 native to BraziI. In Rio Grande do Sul State eriospatha (Mart.) Glassman, S. paraguayensis the genus is well represented, being comparable, (Barb. Rodr.) Glassman and S. yatay (Mart.) in number of nati ve species, to the verified in Glassman; the last four new combinations was the border of Paraguay and Brazil (Mato Gros- created by him. The author also included a key so do Sul State). and a list of doubtful species. In a subsequently Butia is most closely related to the genera contribution, Glassman (1979) re-evaluated Jubaea Kunth and Syagrus Mart., and natural Butia to generic status, recognizing a new hybrids can be found in sympatric areas of species (B. purpurascens); Syagrus archeri occurrence with the last genus (e.g. x Butyagrus Glassman, on the other hand, was transferred to nabonnandii (Prosch) Vorster, an hybrid Butia. between B. pulposa and Syagrus romanzo.ffiana In recent years, Noblick (2004) transferred (Cham.) Glassman). Butia differs from the Cocos campicola Barb. Rodr. to Butia and, in a sympatric genus Syagrus by a combination of later paper, Noblick (2006) described two new the following morphologic features: frequently species from Paraguay, close to Brazilian border armed petiole, unclustered plicate pinnae, with (Butia exospadix and B. marmorii), and also oblique, split tips in pairs forrning a shape of transferred Syagrus leptospatha Burret to Butia. "V" (vs. not unclustered plicate pinnae, pairs Deble & Marchiori (2006) described a new forming a shape of "X" or plane, rarely species from Rio Grande do Sul State: Butia seerningly a "V"), the multiple-chambered fruit lallemantii. Subsequently, Brussa & Grela (not multiple-chambered), and germination (2007) extended its occurrence to Uruguay; the pores of the endosperm nearly at the base (vs. same authors also cited a natural hybrid with distributed in the middle portion). Syagrus romanzo.ffiana (Cham.) Glassman. In a recent contribution, Noblick (2010) 1. Butia catarinensis Noblick & Lorenzi, recognized 18 species to the genus, 16 of them BraziI. FI. Arec.: 164. 2010. Typus: BRAZIL. occurring in BraziI. In the same paper, the author Santa Catarina, Barra do Sul, 29-X-2009, H. described four new species: B. catarinensis Lorenzi & K. Soares 6770 (Holotypus HPL). Noblick & Lorenzi, B. lepidotispatha Noblick, Distribution & habitat: Butia catarinensis is B. matogrossensis Noblick & Lorenzi, and B. endemic in southeast Santa Catarina and 4 northeast Rio Grande do Sul coastlines, growing mm" 13-XII-2009, L. P. Deble & A. S. de Oli- on dunes and dune grasslands. veira-Deble 12854 (CTES). Comments: According to Noblick (2010), the species can be separated from B. odorata by the 3. Butia exilata Deble & Marchiori, sp. novo size of trunk (0.8-2 m vs. 3-9 m), number of A Butiae lallemantii, primu aspeetu sed contemporary leaves (more than 40), and size spadix linear-oblaneeolatis, 40-70 em longis, and shape of spathe and flowers. 3.5-6.5 em latis (vs. oblaneeolatis, 30-50 em Representative material examined: BRAZIL. longis, 4-6 em latis), dorso ferrugineo- Rio Grande do Sul, Torres, BR 101, "8 km da tomentoso (vs. glabro),floresfeminei majoribus entrada da cidade, estipe com 1 m, frutos ima- (12-18 mm vs. 9-11 mm longus) et endoearpio turos, apiculados" 18-XII-2009, L. P. Deble & ovato (vs. elliptieo), produetus bene differt. A. S. de Oliveira-Deble 12162 (CTES). Santa TYPUS: BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul, Catarina, "entre Imbituba e Ibiraquera, em cam- Rondinha, "cerca de 2 km do Parque Estadual pos de paleo-dunas, butiazal com dezenas de de Rondinha, em campo e beira de estrada, pal- indivíduos, alguns acaules, os maiores de até meira eespitosa, copa irregular, caules visíveis 1.8 m de altura, flores e frutos, bráctea na base, cerca de 1-1.5 m de altura, bráctea peduncular glabra", 16-XII-2009, L. P. Deble peduneular coberta por tomento marrom- & A. S. de Oliveira-Deble 12160 (CTES). avermelhado no dorso" 22-XII-2010, L. P. Deble, A. S. Oliveira-Deble, J. N. C. Marehiori 2. Butia eriospatha (Mart. ex Drude) Becc., & F. S. Alves 13422 (Holotypus SI!) Agric. Colono 10: 496. 1916. PaIm eespitose, acauleseent or with very Cocos eriospatha Mart. ex Drude in FI. Bras. short trunk, 0.8-1.6 m high. Trunks 4-20 3(2): 424. 1881. Calappa eriospatha (Mart. ex (perhaps more), subterranean or up to 50 em Drude) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 982. 1891. high and 20 em diameter. Contemporary leaves, Syagrus eriospatha (Mart. ex Drude) Glassman, 4-12 per trunk, 80-150 cm long, erect-patent or Fieldiana, Bot. 32: 145.1970. Typus: BRAZIL. patent, slight1y discolorous, oehraeeous-green Rio Grande do Sul, "culta Rio de Janeiro" or dark oehraeeous-green on both surfaces, and Glaziou 8059 (Leetotypus K, designated by shine adaxially. Petiole 35-45 em long, and 1- Glassman 1970: 149). 1.4 cm wide, flat adaxially and angulated Distribution & Habitat: Butia eriospatha abaxially, margins mostly with short obtuse oceurs in Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina spines at the apex, occasionally only fibrous, and Paraná, growing in high grasslands, sheathing at the base up to 15 em long, 5-8 cm frequently assoeiated with "Brazilian-pine" wide.