This PDF of the appendix of Women Who Kept the Lights was created for www. lighthousehistory.info and is copyrighted material Appendix: Women Who Kept the Lights, 1776- 1947 This appendix was initially based on the handwritten registers of lighthouse keepers and their assistants reproduced in National Archives microfilm publication no. M1373.1 Some of the handwriting in these registers was very difficult to read; for example, Ellis was read as Ellie, but corrected through correspondence. Nor could first names like Darrell be easily identified as masculine or feminine. This appendix does not include dozens of women who served for a period of months (less than a year) after a father’s or husband’s death, while they waited for the arrival of a new keeper. Nor does it include the hundreds of women who served as assistant keepers. Several of the women whose careers are detailed in this book, however, served as both assistant keepers and keepers. Two in particular—Kathleen Moore and Ida Lewis—began keeping the lights while still in their teens and spent most of their lives in lighthouses. Because their experiences as assistants have been recorded, those years are included in their chapters. The total number of women serving as principal keepers for more than a year and included in this appendix is 142; some have been added for the period both before and after the volumes listed above were recorded and were found in subsequent research; however, we do not include women who were assigned keeper duties after lighthouses were transferred to the U.S. Coast Guard in 1939. We have not included women for whose appointments we could not find ending dates. We assume that these women served less than a year, for they did not show up in subsequent lists. Alabama Choctaw Point Light Station, Mobile Bay (Mrs.) Carmalite Philibert, 1842-1852 Replaced: A.P. Philibert (husband) Women Who Kept the Lights 217 This PDF of the appendix of Women Who Kept the Lights was created for www. lighthousehistory.info and is copyrighted material California Connecticut Angel Island Light Station, San Francisco Bay Black Rock (Harbor) Light Station, Fayerweather Island, Long Island (Mrs.) Juliet Nichols, 1902-1914 Sound Replaced: John Ross, deceased (Miss) Kathleen A. Moore, 1871-1878 Replaced: Stephen Moore (father), deceased Humboldt Bay Light Station, entrance to Humboldt Bay (Mrs.) Sarah E. Johnson, 1859-1863 Bridgeport Breakwater Light Station, west side of Harbor Entrance Replaced: J. Johnson (husband), deceased (Mrs.) Flora McNeil, 1904-1920 Replaced: Stephen McNeil (husband) Mare Island Light Station, San Pablo Bay (Mrs.) Theresa C. Watson, 1873-18812 Lynde Point (Saybrook) Light Station, Connecticut River/Long Island Replaced: (new position) Sound (Mrs.) Catharine F. Whittlesey, 1842-1852 (Mrs.) Kate C. McDougal, 1881-1916 Replaced: Daniel Whittlesey (husband), deceased Replaced: Theresa C. Watson, resigned Morgan Point Light Station, mouth of Mystic River/Long Island Sound Point Fermin Light Station, San Pedro Harbor (Mrs.) Eliza A. Daboll, 1838-1854 (Miss) Mary L. Smith, 1874-18823 Replaced: Ezra Daboll (husband), deceased Replaced: (new position) Mrs. Francis McDonald, 1869-1871 (Miss) Thelma Austin, 1925-1941 Replaced: A. McDonald, resigned Replaced: W.L. Austin (father), deceased Stonington (Harbor) Light Station, east side of Harbor Point Pinos Light Station, Monterey Bay (Mrs.) Patty Potter, 1842-1854 (Mrs.) Charlotte A. Layton, 1855-1860 Replaced: husband Replaced: Charles Layton (husband), deceased Stratford Point Light Station, Stratford River entrance/Long Island (Mrs.) Emily A. Fish, 1893-1914 Sound Replaced: Alan L. Luce, resigned Amy Buddington, 1848-1859 or 1860 Replaced: Samuel Buddington Santa Barbara Light Station, Santa Barbara Channel (Mrs.) Julia F. Williams, 1865-1905 Delaware Replaced: Albert Williams (husband), resigned Bombay Hook Light Station, Delaware River at mouth of Smyrna (Mrs.) Caroline Morse, 1905-1911 River Replaced: Julia Williams, resigned (Miss) Margaret Stuart, 1850-1862 Replaced: Duncan Stuart (father), resigned Santa Cruz Light Station, north end of Monterey Bay (Miss) Laura J. Hecox, 1883-1917 Mahon’s Ditch Light Station, south side of Mahon River Replaced: Adna A. Hecox (father), deceased mouth/Delaware Bay (Mrs.) Susan Harvey, 1848-1853 Replaced: Thomas E. Harvey (husband) 218 Appendix: Women Who Kept the Lights, 1776-1947 Women Who Kept the Lights 219 This PDF of the appendix of Women Who Kept the Lights was created for www. lighthousehistory.info and is copyrighted material Florida (Miss) Harriet E. Colfax, 1861-1904 Replaced: John M. Clarkson Key West Light Station, Whiteheads Point (Mrs.) Barbara Mabrity, 1832-1862 Louisiana Replaced: Michael Mabrity (husband), deceased Bayou St. John Light Station, east entrance of Lake Pontchartrain (Mrs.) Mary E. Bethel, 1908-1913 (Mrs.) Annie Gage, 1895-1906 Replaced: William Bethel (husband), resigned Replaced: Robert Gage (husband), deceased Pensacola Light Station, Pensacola Bay (Mrs.) Minnie E. Coteron, 1906-1924 (Mrs.) Michaela Ingraham, 1840-1855 Replaced: Annie Gage (mother), deceased Replaced: Jeremiah Ingraham (husband), deceased Head of Passes Light Station, Deer Island, mouth of Mississippi River Sand Key Light Station, Florida Keys (Mrs.) Jessie Fisher, 1864-1866 (Mrs.) Rebecca Flaherty, 1830-1835 Replaced: James Fisher (husband), deceased Replaced: John Flaherty (husband), deceased (Mrs.) Margaret R. Norvell, 1891-18965 St. Augustine Lighthouse, Anastasia Island Replaced: Louis Norvell (husband), deceased (Mrs.) Maria Andreu, 1859-18614 Replaced: Joseph Andreu (husband), deceased New Canal Light Station, entrance of New Canal, Lake Pontchartrain (Mrs.) Elizabeth Beattie, 1847-1849 St. Marks Light Station, Appalachee Bay/St. Marks River Replaced: Thomas Beattie (husband), deceased (Mrs.) Ann Dudley, 1850-1854 Replaced: Needham Dudley (husband) (Mrs.) Jane O’Driscoll, 1850-1853 Replaced: H.M. O’Driscoll (husband), deceased (Mrs.) Sarah J. Fine, 1904-1910 Replaced: Charles Fine (husband), deceased (Mrs.) Mary F. Campbell, 1869-1893 Replaced: Augustus Campbell (husband), deceased Georgia (Mrs.) Caroline Riddle, 1893-1924 Oyster Beds Beacon & Cockspur Island Light Station, Savannah River Replaced: Mary F. Campbell, deceased Channel (Mrs.) Mary Maher, 1853-1856 (Mrs.) Margaret R. Norvell, 1924-1932 Replaced: Cornelius Maher (husband), deceased Replaced: Caroline Riddle Pass Manchac Light Station, west shore of Lake Pontchartrain Indiana (Mrs.) Mary J. Succow, 1873-1909 Calumet Harbor Light Station, Calumet Harbor/Lake Michigan Replaced: Anthony Succow (husband), deceased (Mrs.) Mary H. Ryan, 1873-1880 Port Pontchartrain Light Station, Lake Pontchartrain Replaced: (Mrs.) Ellen Wilson, 1882-1896 Michigan City Light Station, Lake Michigan Replaced: D.F. Powers (or Power), resigned (Mrs.) Harriet Towner, 1844-1853 (Mrs.) Margaret R. Norvell, 1896-1924 Replaced: James Towner (husband), deceased Replaced: Ellen Wilson, deceased 220 Appendix: Women Who Kept the Lights, 1776-1947 Women Who Kept the Lights 221 This PDF of the appendix of Women Who Kept the Lights was created for www. lighthousehistory.info and is copyrighted material (Mrs.) Minnie E. Coteron, 1924-1929 Havre de Grace (Concord Point) Light Station, entrance of Replaced: Margaret R. Norvell, transferred Susquehanna River/upper Chesapeake Bay West Rigolets Light Station, Rigolets Channel/Lake Pontchartrain (Mrs.) Esther O’Neill, 1863-1881 Replaced: John O’Neill, deceased (Mrs.) Anna M. Read, 1898-after 1912 Replaced: John M. Read (husband), deceased North Point Light Station (two lights), entrance of Patapsco River/ Chesapeake Bay Maine (Mrs.) Elizabeth Riley, 1834-1857 Replaced: David Riley (husband), deceased Deer Island Thoroughfare Light Station, Mark Island/Penobscot Bay (Mrs.) Melissa Holden, 1874-1876 (Mrs.) Henry Schmuck, 1864-1866 Replaced: Samuel E. Holden (husband), deceased Replaced: Henry Schmuck (husband), removed Monhegan Island Light Station, Monhegan Island Piney Point Light Station, Potomac River (Mrs.) Betsy Morrow Humphrey, 1862-1880 (Mrs.) Charlotte Suter, 1844-1846 Replaced: Joseph B. Humphrey (husband), deceased Replaced: Henry Jefferson Pond Island Light Station, Kennebec River Entrance (Mrs.) Ann Nuthall, 1850-1861 (Mrs.) Hannah Gill, 1864-18676 Replaced: John W. Nuthall (husband), deceased Replaced: Samuel Gill (husband), resigned (Mrs.) Elizabeth Wilson, 1873-1877 Maryland Replaced: Noah Wilson (husband), deceased Blackistone Island Light Station, St. Clements Island/Potomac River (Mrs.) Helen C. Tune, 1877-1883 (Mrs.) Josephine Freeman, 1876-1912 Replaced: Elizabeth Wilson, resigned Replaced: Joseph L. McWilliams (father), resigned Point Lookout Light Station, entrance of Potomac River/Chesapeake Bodkin Island Light Station, entrance of Patapsco River/Chesapeake Bay Bay (Miss) Ann Davis, 1830-1847 (Mrs.) Araminta Gray, 1822-23 Replaced: James Davis (father), deceased Replaced: John Gray (husband), deceased (Miss) Martha A. Edwards, 1853-1855 (Mrs.) Rosannah Thatham, 1844-1847 Replaced: Richard Edwards (father) Replaced: Robert Thatham (husband) (Miss) Pamelia Edwards, 1855-1869 Cove Point Light Station, entrance of Patuxent River/Chesapeake Bay Replaced: Martha Edwards (sister), resigned (Mrs.) Sarah Thomas, 1857-1859 Sandy Point Light Station, upper Chesapeake Bay Replaced: George Thomas (husband), deceased (Mrs.) Mary E. Yewell, 1860-1861 Fishing Battery Island Light Station, upper Chesapeake Bay Replaced: S. William Yewell (husband), deceased (Mrs.) Sarah Levy, 1853-1855