Alcohol Research: Current Reviews ALCOHOL RESEARCH Current Reviews VOLUME 39 • NUMBER 1 • 2018 THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM Binge Drinking: Predictors, Patterns, and Consequences Volume 39 • Number 1 National Institute on Alcohol Abuse Editorial Advisory Board Readers should note that disclosure of a competing and Alcoholism financial interest does not imply that the information in the article is questionable or that conclusions are Robert M. Anthenelli, M.D., Department of Psychiatry, biased. Note, too, that Alcohol Research: Current Reviews George F. Koob, Ph.D. University of California San Diego, San Diego, California is not in the position to verify the accuracy of disclosure Director statements made by authors. We rely instead on authors Raul Caetano, M.D., Ph.D., School of Public Health, to provide complete and accurate information. 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We hold authors accountable Jane Colilla, Editor for the articles submitted to the journal and require Rajendra Patel, Layout/Production Specialist authors to declare any potentially competing financial interests that might be construed as influencing the results or interpretations of a reported study. Alcohol Research: About the Cover Current Reviews ALCOHOL RESEARCH Current Reviews Binge drinking, broadly defined as consuming a VOLUME 39 • NUMBER 1 • 2018 THE JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM large amount of alcohol in a short period of time, is a Binge Drinking: Predictors, Patterns, and Consequences dangerous—and sometimes fatal—practice. Despite the adverse consequences associated with it, far too many people, particularly young adults, binge drink. This issue of Alcohol Research: Current Reviews examines the predictors, prevalence, and patterns of binge alcohol consumption Volume 39 • Number 1 and its effects on health and well-being. TTABLEABLE OF CONTENTS Binge Drinking: Predictors, Patterns, and Consequences 1 Editors’ Note Aaron M. White, Susan Tapert, and Shivendra D. Shukla FEATURES 5 Adolescent Binge Drinking: Developmental Context and Opportunities for Prevention Tammy Chung, Kasey G. Creswell, Rachel Bachrach, Duncan B. Clark, and Christopher S. Martin SIDEBAR 17 Drinking Patterns and Their Definitions Alcohol Research: Current Reviews Editorial Staff SIDEBAR 19 Surveys That Include Information Relevant to Binge Drinking Alcohol Research: Current Reviews Editorial Staff 23 The Epidemiology of Binge Drinking Among College-Age Individuals in the United States Heather Krieger, Chelsie M. Young, Amber M. Anthenien, and Clayton Neighbors SIDEBAR 31 “Maturing Out” of Binge and Problem Drinking Matthew R. Lee and Kenneth J. Sher FOCUS ON 43 NIAAA’s College Alcohol Intervention Matrix: CollegeAIM Jessica M. Cronce, Traci L. Toomey, Kathleen Lenk, Toben F. Nelson, Jason R. Kilmer, and Mary E. Larimer 49 High-Intensity Drinking Megan E. Patrick and Beth Azar 57 Gender Differences in Binge Drinking: Prevalence, Predictors, and Consequences Richard W. Wilsnack, Sharon C. Wilsnack, Gerhard Gmel, and Lori Wolfgang Kantor 77 Binge Drinking’s Effects on the Developing Brain—Animal Models Susanne Hiller-Sturmhöfel and Linda Patia Spear 87 Effects of Binge Drinking on the Developing Brain: Studies in Humans Scott A. Jones, Jordan M. Lueras, and Bonnie J. Nagel SIDEBAR 97 NIH’s Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study Alcohol Research: Current Reviews Editorial Staff 99 Binge Drinking’s Effects on the Body Patricia E. Molina and Steve Nelson Table of Contents | i RETHINKING DRINKING Alcohol and Your Health Visit NIAAA’s Fully Interactive Website Tools to Assess and Change Risky Drinking Habits ■ Information about: • Risky drinking patterns • The signs of an alcohol problem • Strategies for cutting back or quitting ■ The Rethinking Drinking product set includes: • An interactive website with quizzes, calculators, and other tools • A 16-page booklet Download a PDF, order online (https://www.RethinkingDrinking.niaaa.nih.gov), or write to: SM National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Alcohol and your health Publications Distribution Center P.O. Box 10686 Research-based information from the National Institutes of Health U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Rockville, MD 20849-0686 NIH...Turning Discovery Into Health® Phone: 888-MY-NIAAA (888-696-4222) https://www.RethinkingDrinking.niaaa.nih.gov EDITORS’ NOTE Binge Drinking Predictors, Patterns, and Consequences Aaron M. White, Susan Tapert, and Shivendra D. Shukla Aaron M. White The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism defines binge drinking as a pattern of consumption that causes blood alcohol concentration to rise to .08%—the legal limit for adults ages 21 or older operating a motor vehicle—or more. This level typically occurs after a woman consumes four drinks or a man consumes five drinks—in about 2 hours. Research suggests that three out of four adolescents who drink, and half of adults who drink, engage in binge drinking each month. Because of the impairments it produces, binge drinking increases the likelihood of a host of acute consequences, including injuries and deaths from falls, burns, drownings, car crashes, and alcohol overdoses. Of the roughly Susan Tapert 88,000 deaths that result from alcohol use in the United States each year, more than half stem from binge drinking,1 and binge drinking accounts for 77% ($191.1 billion) of the annual economic cost of alcohol misuse.2 Several important questions related to binge drinking warrant further explora- tion. For instance, how have patterns of binge drinking changed in recent years in the United States? What is known about drinking at levels far beyond the standard binge thresholds? How does the peak number of drinks a person con- sumes relate to risks for experiencing alcohol-related harm? Are there unique risks of binge drinking for women? How does binge alcohol consumption affect brain development and function? What is the effect of binge drinking on organs other Shivendra D. Shukla