, : · ~ : ) ANNUAL REPORT OF THE -L~~IERICAN HISTORICAL -L~SSOCIATION FOR TETE YEAI-{ 1HOO. IN TWO VOL U}IES. VOLU~IE I.. , I, WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1901. , , , w > , :.J" LETTER OF SUBMITTAL. S~IITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, Washington, D. 0., June 13, 1901. To the Oongress of the United States: In accordance with the aet of incorporation of the American Historical Association, approved January 4, 1889, I have the honor to submit to Congress the annual report of that Asso­ , ciation for the year 1900. I have the honor to be, very respectfnlly, your obedient servant, S. P. LANGL1<JY, Se07'etal'Y' Hon. THEODORE ROOSEVELT, President of the Sencde. III ACT OF INCORPORATION. Be it encwtect by the Senate and Jlouse of Representat?;'1!e8 of the [fnUecl States of Ameriea ,in Congress assembled, That Andrew D. White, of Ithaca, in the State of New York; George Bancroft, of ,'\T ashington, in the District of Colum­ bia; .Justin "Winsor, of Cambridge, in the State of Massachu­ setts; ,Yil1iam F. Poole, of Chicago, in the State of Illinois; Herbert B. Adams, of Baltimore, in the State of Maryland; Clarence ",'\T. Bowen, of Brooklyn, in the State of New York, their associates and suceessors, are hereby created in the Dis­ trict of Columhia, a hody corporate and politie, by the llame of the American Historical Association, for the promo­ tion of historical studies, the colledion and preservation of historical manuscripts, and for kindrerl purposes in the inter~ est of Amcricl1Il history and of history in America. Said Association is authorized to hold rcaI and personal estate in the District of Columbia so far only as may be necessary to its lawful ends to an amount not exceeding five hundred thousand dollars, to adopt a eonstitution, and to make by-hnvs not inconsistent with Jaw. Said Association ;.;ha11 have its principal office at ",Yashington, in the District of Columbia, and may hold its annual meetings in ;.;uch phtces as the said incorporator,,; shan determine. Said As,,;ociation shall report annually to the Seeretary of the Smithsonian Institution con­ cerning its proceeding's and the condition of historical study in America. Said Secretary shttll communicate to Congress the whole of such reports, or such portions thereof as he shall see fit. The Regents of the Smithsonian Institution are author­ ized to permit said Association to deposit its collections, manu­ scripts, books, pamphlets, and otl;lCr material for history in the Smithsonian Institution or in the National Museum at their discretion, npon such conditions and under such rules as they shall prescribe. [Approved .January 4, 1889.J IV LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. AlliE RICAN. HISTORICAL ASSOCIATIO,,", OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY. SlIIITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, TfTa~liington, D. C., June 13, 1901. Sm: In accordance with the act of incorporation of the American Historical Association, I have the honor to ti"ans­ mit herewith a general report of the sixteenth allnual meetjng of the Association held at Detroit and Ann Arbor, Mich., December 27-29, 1900, accompanied by some of the papers read and discussed at that meeting; also a very valuablere­ port by the Public Archives Commission of this Association, prepared under the direction of Prof. 'Villiam MacDonald, chairman of the commission. Very respectfully, A. HOWARD' CLARK, 8ecl'eta.ry. Mr. S. P. LANGLEY, Secretary, Srnitk~oniall [n.~tZ:t·ut1:0n. v " ~ ; I " ' , , , I " CONSTITUTION. I. The name of this society shall be The American' Historical Association. II. Its object shall be the promotion of historical studies. III. Any person approved by the executive council may become a member by paying $3; and after the first year may continue a member by paying an annual fee of $3. On payment of $50 any person may become a life member exempt from fees. Persons not residents in the United States may be elected as honorary or corresponding members, and be exempt from the payment of fees. IV. The officers shall be a president, two vice-presidents, a sec­ retary, a corresponding secretary, a curator, a treasurer, and an executive council consisting of the foregoing officers and of six other members elected by the Association with the ex-presidents of the Association. These officers shall be elected by ballot at each regular annual meeting of the Association. v . The executive council shall have charge of the general inter~sts of the Association, including the election of mem­ bers, the calling of meetings, the selection of papers to be. read, and the determination of whitt papers shall be published. VI. This constitution may be amended at any annual meeting, notice of such amendment having been given at the previons annual meeting, 01' the proposed amendment having received the approval of the executive council. VII i' AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION. Organized in September, 1884. Incorporated by act of Congress, 1889. OJl'FICER~ FOR 1901. PRESIDENT: CHARLES FRANCIS ADAMS, LL. n., Boston, 1I[a88. FIRST VICE-PRESIDENT: HERBERT B. ADAMS, Ph. D., LL. D., Baltimore, J.fil. SECOND VICE~PRE.9IDENT: ALFRED THAYER MAHAN, D. C. L., LL.. D., New York Oity. SECRETARY AND CURATOR: A. HOWARD CLARK, C/ira/or Department American IIls/ory, 8mithionian Institution, Washington, D. C. CORRESPONDING SECRETARY: CHARLES H. HASKINS, Ph. D., .Madison, Wis. TREASUHER: CLARENCE W. BOWEN, Ph. D., 180 Fulton streeL, .New York City. SECRETAHY OF TIIE ClIuHCH HISTORY llEGI'ION: SAMUEL MACAULEY .JACKSON, D. n, LL. D., New Y01'k Oity. I. EXECUTIVE COUNCIl,: In addition to the above-named officers. (Ex-Presidents of the Association members of the Council ex: officio.) ANDREW D. WElITE, LL. D., L. H. D., Ithaca, N. Y. IX x AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION. CHARLES KENDALL ADAMS, LL.D., Pre.~ident TViscoMin University, Madison. JAMES B. ANGELL, LL. D., Pre.~ident University of .Michigan. HENRY ADAMS, LL. D., lVashington, D. C. GEORGE F. HOAR, LL. D., Wi)rce.~ter, J[(t8s . .JAMES SCHOULER, 1,1,. D., Bosion, 11fas8. GEORGE P. FISHER, D. D., LL. D., Professor Yale University. JAMES FORD RHODES, LL. D., Boston, J[ass. EDWARD EGGLESTON, L. H. D., .Joshua's Rock, Lake George, N. Y. (Elected rnem bers of the Council. ) GEORGE BURTON ADAMS, Ph. D., Professor Yale University. ANmtEW C. McLAUGHLIN, A. lYr., Professor University of llIichigan. WILLIAM A. DUNNING, Ph. D., Professor Columbia Univer8ity. Hon. PETER WHITE, A. M., ][arqueite, j[ich . .L FRANKLIN JAMESON, Ph. D., Professor Brown University. A. LAWRENCE LOWELL, LL. B., Bostan, JJ[a,~8. TERMS OF OFFICE. EX~PRESIDENTS. HON. ANDREW DICKSON WHITE. L. H. D .. LL D. 1884-85. tHON. GEORGE BANCROFT, LL. D.,l885-86. tJUSTIN WINSOR, LL. D., 1886-87. t WILLIAM FREDERICK POOLE, LL. D., 1887-88. .. CHARLES KENDALL ADAMS: LL. D:, 1888-89 . t HON. JOHN JAY, LL. D., 1889-9(1. tHoN. WILLIAM WIRT HENRY, LL. D., 1890-91. JAMES BURRILL ANGELL, LL. D., 1891-93. HENRY ADAMS, A. B., 1893-94: HON. GEORGE FRISBEE HOAR, LL. D., 1894-95. tRICHARD SALTER STORRS, D. D., LL. D., 1895-96. JAMES SCHODLER, LL. D., 1896-97. GEORGE PARK FISHER, D. D., LL. D .. 1897-98. JAlIIES FORD RHODES, LL. D., 1898-!!9. EDWARD EGGLESTON, L. H. D., 189\1-1900. EX-VICE-PRESIDENTS. t JUSTIN WINSOR, LL. D., 1884-86. CHARLES KENDALL ADAMS, LL. D., 1884-88. t WILLIAM FREDERICK POOLE, LL. D., 1886-87. tHON. JOHN JAY, LL. D.,l887-89. t HON. WILLIAlII WIRT HENRY, LL. D., 1888-90. JAMES BURRILL ANGELL, LL. D., 1889-91. HENRY ADAMS, A. B., 1890-93. t EDWARD GAY MASON. A. Mp 1891-93. HON. (:mORGE FRISBEE HOAR, LL. D., 189..'l',94. t RICHARD SALTER STORRS, D. D., LL. D., 1894-95. JAMES SCHODLER, LL. D., 189f>-96. GEORGE PARK FISHER, D. D., LL. D., 1896-97. JAlIlES FORD RHODES, LL. D., 1897-98. EDWARD EGGLESTON, L. H. D., 189&-99. t MOSES COlT TYLER, L. H. D., LL. D., 1899-1900. CHARLES FRANCIS ADAMS, LL. D., 1899-1900. SECRETARIES. HERBERT BAXTER ADAMS, PH. n., LL. D., 1884-1900. ALONZO HOWARD CLARK, 1889- CHARLES H. HASKINS, PH. D., 1900- TREASURER. CLARENCE WINTHROP BOWEN, PH. D., 1884- I, EXECUTIVE COUNCIL. (In addition to above-named officers.) HON. WILLIAM BABCOCK WEEDEN, A. M., 1884-86. t CHARLES DEANE, LL. D., 1884-87. t MOSES COlT TYLER, L. H. D., LL. D., 1884-85. EPHRAIM EMERTON, PH. D., 1884-85. _ XI XII Al\n~RICAN HISTORIOAr~ ASSOCIATION. FRANKI,IN BOWDITCH DEX'fER, A. ~I., JS8fJ-R7. "WILLIAM }<'RANCIS ALLEN, A. )1., 18&;-87. t JIo,,". WILLIAM WI RT HENRY, LL. D., 188G-88. t HON. RUTHERFOlW BIRCHARD HAYES, LL. D., 1887-8K .TOHN W. BURGESS, 1B87-91. ARTHUR MARTIN WHEELER, A. ~L, 1887~"il. GEORGE PARK FISHER, D .. D., LL. D., J88S-in. tGEORGE BROWN GOODE, LL. D., 1889-9(;. JOHN BACH ~IcMASTER, A. :;1., 1891-94. GEORGE BenTON ADAMS, PH. D., 1891-[17; i19- HENRY :;wnSE STEPlmNS, A. )L, lS95-9'J. FREDERICK JACKSON TURNER, PH. D .. 1595-99. EDWARD MINER GALLAITDET, PH. D., LL. D., 18\)()-97. ilIELYILLE WESTON }'ULLER, LL. D., 1898-1900. ALBERT BUSHNELL HAR~, PH. D., 189&-1900. A. C. McLAUGHLIN, A. M., 1899- WILLIAM A. DUNNING, PH. D., 181J!!- IIo,,". PETER WHITE, A. M., 1899- J. FIUNKLIN JAMESON, PH. D., lUOG­ A. LAWRENCE LOWELL, LL. B., 190G- 'rhe terrn of office is indicated by the dates following the Harne. DC('PftEPd officers nrc nutrked thus t " • LIST OF COMMISSIONS, COMMITTEES, AND BOARDS. Committee on the .Tw3tin Windsor prize: Prof. C. M. Andrews, chairman; Prof. E. P. Cheyney, 1YIiss Elizabeth Kendall, Roger Foster, esq., Prof. E. E. Sparks. Histonclll manmcripts commi&~ion: Prof. Edward G. Bourne, chairman; Reuben G. Thwaites, esq., Prof. F." W. Moore, Prof.