UNIVERSIDAD DE MÁLAGA FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA Y LETRAS DEPARTAMENTO DE CIENCIAS HISTÓRICAS TESIS DOCTORAL The field of Korean Archaeology in South Korea (1945-1979). Power relations in the Institutionalization and Professionalization of archaeology Presentada por Luis A. Botella Sánchez Bajo la dirección de los doctores: Fernando Wulff Alonso Antonio J. Doménech del Río Málaga, 2017 AUTOR: Luis Alberto Botella Sánchez http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0748-2378 EDITA: Publicaciones y Divulgación Científica. Universidad de Málaga Esta obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial- SinObraDerivada 4.0 Internacional: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode Cualquier parte de esta obra se puede reproducir sin autorización pero con el reconocimiento y atribución de los autores. No se puede hacer uso comercial de la obra y no se puede alterar, transformar o hacer obras derivadas. Esta Tesis Doctoral está depositada en el Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Málaga (RIUMA): riuma.uma.es Table of Content Tables, Maps and Figures ................................................................................................................. 4 Tables .............................................................................................................................................. 4 Maps ................................................................................................................................................ 5 Figures ............................................................................................................................................. 5 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................ 6 Conventions ....................................................................................................................................... 9 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 13 Some historical context, South Korea between 1945 and 1979 .................................................... 13 Overview of the history of Korean Archaeology .......................................................................... 17 Literature review: the history of Korean archaeology ................................................................... 21 Hypothesis and Objectives ............................................................................................................ 30 Methodology ................................................................................................................................. 41 Organization of chapters ............................................................................................................... 44 Chapter 1: Korean Archaeology during the Japanese Colonial period. The field and community of practitioners of Korean archaeology .................................................................... 50 Colonial institutions of Archaeology: regulations, committees, museums and universities ......... 52 Professional archaeologists: origins and influences ...................................................................... 64 Japanese Archaeologists in Korea and the configuration of Imperial archaeology ................. 67 The first Korean archaeologists ................................................................................................ 77 Conclusions ................................................................................................................................... 92 Chapter 2: The Construction of an unbalance field of archaeological research: central and peripheral agents in the production of archaeology in South Korea .......................................... 98 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 98 Some initial notes .......................................................................................................................... 99 The legal structure of the field .................................................................................................... 108 Research activity: the diversity of agents working in the field ................................................... 125 Effects of an uneven field on the potentiality of its discourse production .................................. 133 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................... 141 Chapter 3: Archaeological research in South Korea: distribution of interventions from 1945 to 1979 ............................................................................................................................................ 145 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 145 Chronological dispersion of archaeological interventions .......................................................... 151 1 Geographical dispersion of archaeological interventions ............................................................ 160 Distribution of interventions per period of research ................................................................... 172 Conclusions ................................................................................................................................. 190 Chapter 4: Institutional Structure of the State System of Archaeological Research .............. 193 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 193 The Liberation of Korea: the transition of the SSAR and its development under the Republic of Korea (1945-1961) ...................................................................................................................... 200 Park Chung Hee, the development of the Republic of Korea (1961-1967) ................................ 221 Park Chung Hee, the construction and development of Yusin (1968-1979) ............................... 234 Conclusions ................................................................................................................................. 258 Chapter 5: The Constitution of a community of practitioners of archaeology in South Korea (1945-1979) ..................................................................................................................................... 264 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 264 The organization of the social space: the community of practitioners ........................................ 267 The beginning of the community, 1945-1960 .......................................................................... 270 The Growth of the Community, 1961-1967 ............................................................................. 282 The Consolidation of the Community, 1967-1979 ................................................................... 295 The Academic Journals ............................................................................................................... 303 Journals before 1960: a limited space dependent of other fields ............................................ 306 Journals between 1960 and 1967: The first steps, a discipline of objects .............................. 310 Journals between 1968 and 1979: The definition and unification of the field ........................ 326 Conclusions ................................................................................................................................. 334 Chapter 6: Achieving Professional Credentials: South Korean Archaeology and University Degrees (1945–1979) ...................................................................................................................... 339 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 339 Beginnings of Korean Archaeology before 1961 ........................................................................ 347 Establishment of the Department of Anthropology and Archaeology (1961–1979) ................... 353 Differences in the Field: Degrees and Gatekeepers .................................................................... 361 Conclusions ................................................................................................................................. 368 Conclusions .................................................................................................................................... 371 Lines of Power in the creation of an academic field ................................................................... 371 Field Structure, nationalism and space ........................................................................................ 391 Resumen ......................................................................................................................................... 398 Objetivos de la tesis e hipótesis ................................................................................................... 408 Capítulos ....................................................................................................................................