Jain Fundamentals Jain Scriptures Jain Rituals Compassionate Quotes Compiled by: Pravin K. Shah JAINA Education Committee Jain Study Center of North Carolina 509 Carriage Woods Circle, Raleigh NC 27607 E-mail: pkshah1@attglobal .net Web: www.jainism.org Phone and Fax 919-859-4994 January 25, 2002 Table of Contents PRAYER OF JAIN RELIGION...................................................................................................................3 LORD MAHAVIR AND HIS TEACHINGS...............................................................................................4 CONCEPT OF GOD IN JAINISM...............................................................................................................7 Arihant..........................................................................................................................................................8 Siddha.........................................................................................................................................................10 Jain Gods....................................................................................................................................................10 JAIN REALITY OR EXISTENCE............................................................................................................11 Structural View of the Universe.................................................................................................................11 Concept of Reality......................................................................................................................................11 Six Universal Substances...........................................................................................................................12 PHILOSOPHY OF KARMA AND JAIN TATTVAS..............................................................................19 Soul (Jiva) or Living being Substance........................................................................................................19 Ajiva (Non –living) Substances ...................................................................................................................19 Asrava (Cause of the influx of karma).......................................................................................................20 Bandha (Bondage of karma).......................................................................................................................20 Punya (Virtue)............................................................................................................................................22 Pap (Sin).....................................................................................................................................................22 Samvara (Stoppage of Karma)...................................................................................................................23 Nirjara (Exhaustion of the attached karma)................................................................................................24 Moksha (Liberation)...................................................................................................................................25 JAIN PATH OF LIBERATION..................................................................................................................27 Right Perception (Samyak Darsana)..........................................................................................................27 Right Knowledge (Samyak Jnana)............................................................................................................28 Right Conduct (Samyak Charitry)..............................................................................................................28 GREAT VOWS (MAHA –VRATAS) OF ASCETICS ..............................................................................30 Non –violence (Ahimsa) ..............................................................................................................................30 Truth (Satya)...............................................................................................................................................31 Non –stealing (Achaurya or Asteya) ...........................................................................................................31 Celibacy / Chastity (Brahmacharya)..........................................................................................................31 Non –attachment / Non –possession (Aparigraha) .......................................................................................32 VOWS OF HOUSEHOLDERS...................................................................................................................32 Five Main Vows of Limited Nature (Anuvratas).......................................................................................34 Three Merit Vows (Guna –vrats) ................................................................................................................36 Four Disciplinary Vows (Siksha –vratas) ....................................................................................................36 RULES OF CONDUCTS AND PRESERVATIONS (SAMITIS AND GUPTIS)..................................38 Five Rules of Conduct (Samitis)................................................................................................................38 Three Rules of Preservation (Guptis).........................................................................................................39 REFLECTIONS OR THOUGHTS (BHAVNA OR ANUPREKSHA)....................................................40 Twelve Reflections or Bhavna...................................................................................................................40 Four Additional Bhavna or Virtues............................................................................................................42 EQUANIMITY AND MEDITATION (SAMAYIKA AND DHYANA)..................................................44 ALL LIFE IS YOGA....................................................................................................................................47 Path of Devotion (Bhakti-yoga):................................................................................................................47 Path of Knowledge (Jnan-yoga):................................................................................................................47 1 Path of Action (Karma –yoga): ...................................................................................................................47 Path of Self Control and Meditation (Raja-yoga or Astang-yoga):............................................................48 COLOR SCIENCE OF NAMOKAR MANTRA.......................................................................................50 MEDITATION.............................................................................................................................................52 JAIN AGAM LITERATURE......................................................................................................................53 Background:...............................................................................................................................................53 Agam Literature:........................................................................................................................................54 Digambar Literature:..................................................................................................................................57 Summary:...................................................................................................................................................59 Appendix - Summary of Swetambar Jain Agams:.....................................................................................60 JAIN PUJA....................................................................................................................................................66 FOURTEEN AUSPICIOUS DREAMS OF MOTHER TRISHALA......................................................68 JAINISM ON THE INTERNET.................................................................................................................72 Introductory Sources..................................................................................................................................73 Intermediate & Special Interest Sites.........................................................................................................74 Advanced....................................................................................................................................................75 Creating new web content..........................................................................................................................76 COMPASSIONATE QUOTES...................................................................................................................78 THUS SPAKE LORD MAHAVIR.............................................................................................................80 2 Prayer of Jain Religion Every day Jains bow their heads and say their universal prayer, the Navkar–mantra. All good work and events start with this prayer of salutation and worship. Namokar Mantra or Namaskar Mantra Namo Arihantanam: I bow to the enlightened beings Namo Siddhanam: I bow to the liberated souls Namo Ayariyanam: