The Cherwell Local Plan 2011 – 2031 (Part 1) Partial Review – Oxford’s Unmet Housing Need unity • Ec mm on o om • C y g • in H e e r -b i l t l a e g e W • • G r t o n w e t h m n • o S r u i s v ta En in • ab ect le • Conn Issues Consultation January 2016 Contents Cherwell Local Plan Part 1 - Partial Review - Issues Consultation 1 Introduction 3 2 Background 9 3 The Cherwell Context 17 4 Establishing a Vision 23 5 Key Themes 29 5.1 Housing 29 5.2 Transport 37 5.3 Infrastructure 40 5.4 Economy 42 5.5 Sustainability & the Natural Environment 48 5.6 Built and Historic Environment 53 6 Call for Sites 57 7 Summary of the Consultation Questions 59 8 Next Steps 61 Appendices Appendix 1 Glossary 63 Cherwell Local Plan Part 1 Partial Review - Issues Consultation Contents Cherwell Local Plan Part 1 Partial Review - Issues Consultation Introduction 1 Introduction 1.6 This consultation paper has been prepared to engage with local communities, What is the Partial Review of the partners and stakeholders in the early stage Cherwell Local Plan Part 1? of this ‘Partial Review’ process and to ensure that a wide cross-section of views are 1.1 We have recently adopted the obtained in identifying and examining the Cherwell Local Plan Part 1 (July 2015) which many issues we will need to consider. We plans for growth to fully meet Cherwell’s would like your views on what the Partial development needs to 2031. Review should contain. 1.2 In the Local Plan, we have committed Why should Cherwell accommodate to work which seeks to address the unmet additional housing to meet needs objectively assessed housing need from arising from elsewhere in Oxfordshire? elsewhere in the Oxfordshire Housing 1.7 The Government’s National Planning Market Area (HMA), particularly from (1) Oxford City. Policy Framework places requirements on Councils in preparing their Local Plans. It 1.3 All of Oxfordshire’s rural district requires Councils as Local Planning Councils, together with the County Council, Authorities to: have accepted that Oxford cannot fully meet its own housing needs principally because have a clear understanding of housing the city is a compact, urban area surrounded needs in their area by designated ‘Green Belt’. to prepare a Strategic Housing Market Assessment or ‘SHMA’ to assess their 1.4 The Oxfordshire Councils have full housing needs, working with collectively committed to consider the neighbouring authorities where housing extent of Oxford’s unmet need and how that market areas cross administrative need might be sustainably distributed to the boundaries neighbouring districts so that this can be to work collaboratively with other tested through their respective Local Plans. bodies to ensure that strategic priorities The countywide work is on-going and being across local boundaries are properly co-ordinated through what is known as the co-ordinated and clearly reflected in Oxfordshire Growth Board. individual Local Plans to work together to meet development 1.5 The Cherwell Local Plan states, “…If requirements which cannot wholly be this joint work reveals that Cherwell and other met within their own areas, for instance Districts need to meet additional need for because of a lack of physical capacity or Oxford, this will trigger a partial review of the because to do so would cause significant Local Plan, to be completed within two years of harm to national principles and policies adoption, and taking the form of the preparation to produce Local Plans in accordance of a separate Development Plan Document for with a statutory Duty to Cooperate (see that part of the unmet need to be Box 1) accommodated in the Cherwell District…” to meet objectively assessed development and infrastructure requirements, including unmet 1 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/national-planning-policy-framework--2 Cherwell Local Plan Part 1 Partial Review - Issues Consultation 3 Introduction requirements from neighbouring authorities where it is reasonable to do Box 1 so and consistent with achieving sustainable development. Duty to Cooperate 1.8 The Oxfordshire Strategic Housing (2) The Localism Act 2011 introduced a Market Assessment (2014) – the SHMA - statutory Duty to Cooperate for local identified that there is a very high level of authorities in preparing their Local housing need to be met across the County. Plans. Authorities must engage Delivering new homes to meet needs is constructively, actively and on an important to support the County’s growing on-going basis. The National Planning population, to provide choice and access to Policy Framework states that joint the housing market, to increase the supply working should enable local planning of affordable homes and ‘starter’ homes, to authorities to work together to meet support Oxfordshire’s economic growth development requirements which cannot prospects and to assist the creation of new wholly be met within their own areas. job opportunities. 1.9 Having considered the need for housing, the Government appointed Planning What commitment has Cherwell Inspector who examined the ‘soundness’ of made? the Cherwell Local Plan Part 1 noted (in paragraph 62 of his report): 1.11 In preparing the Local Plan, and as a result of the Local Plan Examination and the “…It is essential for clarity and soundness Inspector’s recommendations, the Council that the Council’s firm commitment to help has made the following commitment: meet the needs of Oxford city as part of the countywide housing market area, jointly with other relevant authorities including Box 2 through the Oxfordshire Growth Board, as well as in respect of the Oxford and Cherwell's Commitment - Para. Oxfordshire City Deal (2014), is formally B.95 of the Local Plan recorded in the plan…” “Cherwell District Council will continue to 1.10 His Non-Technical Summary records: work under the ‘Duty to Co-operate’ with all other Oxfordshire Local Authorities on “Add a formal commitment from the an on-going basis to address the objectively Council, together with other relevant assessed need for housing across the Councils, to undertake a joint review of the Oxfordshire Housing Market Area and to boundaries of the Oxford Green Belt, once meet joint commitments such as the Oxford the specific level of help required by the and Oxfordshire City Deal (2014). As a first city of Oxford to meet its needs that step Cherwell District Council has sought to cannot reasonable be met within its accommodate the housing need for Cherwell present confines, is fully and accurately District in full in the Cherwell Local Plan. defined”. Cherwell District Council recognises that 2 http://www.cherwell.gov.uk/index.cfm?articleid=9639 4 Cherwell Local Plan Part 1 Partial Review - Issues Consultation Introduction Oxford may not be able to accommodate What are the ‘Oxfordshire Growth the whole of its new housing requirement Board’ and the ‘Oxford and for the 2011-2031 period within its Oxfordshire City Deal’? administrative boundary. The urban capacity of Oxford is as yet unconfirmed. Cherwell 1.12 The Oxfordshire Growth Board is District Council will continue to work jointly a Joint Committee which, on behalf of the and proactively with the Oxfordshire local Oxfordshire Local Enterprise Partnership or authorities and through the Oxfordshire ‘OLEP’ is charged with the delivery of Growth Board to assess all reasonable projects agreed in the ‘Oxford and spatial options, including the release of Oxfordshire City Deal’ and ‘Local Growth brownfield land, the potential for a new Deals’. settlement and a full strategic review of the boundaries of the Oxford Green Belt. These 1.13 The Growth Board includes the local issues are not for Cherwell to consider in authorities within the OLEP area, namely isolation. These options will need to be Cherwell District Council, Oxford City undertaken in accordance with national Council, South Oxfordshire District Council, policy, national guidance, the Strategic Vale of White Horse District Council, West Environmental Assessment (SEA) Oxfordshire District Council and regulations, and the Habitats Regulations Oxfordshire County Council. These are Assessment (HRA) to establish how and the core, voting members. It also includes where any unmet need might best be co-opted, non-voting members. These are accommodated within the Oxfordshire the Oxfordshire Local Enterprise Partnership Housing Market Area. Joint work will need (OLEP), the Oxfordshire Skills Board, to comprehensively consider how spatial Oxford Universities, the Homes and options could be supported by necessary Communities Agency, the Environment infrastructure to ensure an integrated Agency, Network Rail and Highways England. approach to the delivery of housing, jobs and services. Full public consultation will be 1.14 Local Enterprise Partnerships (LEPs) central to a ‘sound’ process and outcome. are voluntary partnerships between local If this joint work reveals that Cherwell and authorities and businesses. other Districts need to meet additional need 1.15 The ‘Oxford and Oxfordshire City for Oxford, this will trigger a partial review (3) of the Local Plan, to be completed within Deal’ (2014) is an agreement between the two years of adoption, and taking the form local authorities in Oxfordshire, OLEP and of the preparation of a separate the Government on what the region will do Development Plan Document for that part to support economic growth. of the unmet need to be accommodated in the Cherwell District. The Council will 1.16 ‘Local Growth Deals’ provide funds engage in joint working on supporting