Acknowledgements Firstly, I would like to thank my supervisor, Professor Spiros Papaefthimiou, for giving me the opportunity to work on this thesis. In addition to his guidance, I would like to thank him for our excellent cooperation. I owe my greatest appreciation to Mr. Dimosthenis Spathis, for his guidance, his constant support and his valuable comments. I would also like to thank him for the numerous discussions through this thesis. During my studies at the Technical University of Crete, I was lucky to make several important friends, who were very supportive during these years. To all of you (you know who you are), I owe a big thank you for always being there to share our joys, our regrets or even our stress. Thank you. Finally, I am sincerely grateful to my parents and my sister for the encouragement and support throughout the years of my studies. Thank you for always believing in me. Feasibility study and Cost- Benefit Analysis for an on- shore power supply Technical University of Crete installation in Souda Port. School of Production and Management Engineering Alexandra Georgiou Diploma Thesis Thesis Supervisor: Prof. Spyridon Papaefthimiou Committee Member: Prof. Michail Konsolakis Committee Member: Prof. Dimitrios Ipsakis February 2021 Table of Contents 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 3 2. Cold Ironing ............................................................................................................................... 3 2.1 General Information ......................................................................................................... 3 2.2 Cold Ironing System Configuration proposed by EU ........................................................ 4 2.3 Port side equipment ......................................................................................................... 5 2.3.1 Frequency Converter .................................................................................................... 5 2.3.2 Transformer ................................................................................................................. 6 2.3.3 Switchgear .................................................................................................................... 7 2.3.4 Cables and Conduits ..................................................................................................... 7 2.3.5 Connection Boxes ......................................................................................................... 8 2.3.6 Cable Connection ......................................................................................................... 9 2.4 Onboard equipment .............................................................................................................. 10 2.5 Current Installed applications ........................................................................................ 10 2.5.1 Princess Cruise Ships .................................................................................................. 11 2.5.2 Los Angeles Port ............................................................................................................. 11 3 Port of Souda .......................................................................................................................... 12 3.1 General Information ....................................................................................................... 12 3.1.1 Chronology ................................................................................................................. 12 3.1.2 Geographical Data .......................................................................................................... 13 3.2 Regulations Applying to Ships ........................................................................................ 15 3.3 Environmental Impact ........................................................................................................... 16 3.3.1 Pollutants from Ships ..................................................................................................... 16 3.3.2 Calculation of emissions in the port of Souda ............................................................... 17 4 Photovoltaic Park .................................................................................................................... 20 4.1 General Information ....................................................................................................... 20 4.2 Main Types of Solar Cells ................................................................................................ 21 4.3 Factors affecting the performance of PV ....................................................................... 22 5 Case Study ............................................................................................................................... 25 5.1 Traffic Analysis ................................................................................................................ 25 5.2 Power Demand ............................................................................................................... 27 5.2.1 Passenger Ships .............................................................................................................. 27 5.2.2 Cruise Ships .................................................................................................................... 29 5.2.3 Synopsis of the CI berthing places ................................................................................. 34 5.3 Technical Design ............................................................................................................. 34 1 5.3.1 Main Substation building ........................................................................................... 39 5.3.2 Cables ......................................................................................................................... 40 5.3.3 Shore Side Substation .................................................................................................... 40 5.4 Technical Design of the PV park ..................................................................................... 40 5.4.1 Size of the Photovoltaic Park ...................................................................................... 40 5.4.2 Technical Characteristics ............................................................................................ 41 6 Economic Analysis ........................................................................................................................ 44 6.1 Cold Ironing installation and operational costs .................................................................... 44 6.2 Electricity cost ....................................................................................................................... 49 6.3 Cost of the Photovoltaic Park ................................................................................................ 50 6.4 External costs of ship emissions for the environment and human health ........................... 51 6.5 Net Present Value Model ...................................................................................................... 51 6.6 Assumptions and Scenarios for Cold Ironing Installation ..................................................... 52 6.6.1 Assumptions for NPV ..................................................................................................... 52 6.6.2 Explanation of the different scenarios ........................................................................... 53 6.7 Results of the Net Present Value method ...................................................................... 53 6.7.1 Scenario 1: 100% use of the CI facilities ..................................................................... 53 6.7.2 Scenario 2: 15% initial use of the CI and 15% increase every year ................................ 54 6.7.3 Scenario 3: 25% initial use of the CI and 20% increase every year ................................ 55 7.Conclusions .................................................................................................................................. 56 8 Appendix ...................................................................................................................................... 56 8.1 Ship Data ............................................................................................................................... 57 8.1.1 Cruise Data 2018-2019 ................................................................................................... 57 8.1.2 Passenger RoRo Data 2018-2019 ................................................................................... 63 8.2 Case Study, NPV calculation .................................................................................................. 66 8.2.1 NPV without a PV park ................................................................................................... 66 8.2.2 NPV with a 3 MW park with a fixed price per MWh of 39 € /MWh. ............................. 68 8.2.3 1. NPV with a 3 MW park which will grant an exception to operate as Net Metering Instalment. .............................................................................................................................. 69 8.3 DEI’s charges ........................................................................................................................