Phylum Arthropoda • Segmented body Collecting and Preserving Insects • Segmented appendages • Chitinous exoskeleton Subphylum Chelicerata Subphylum Crustacea Class Arachnida Class Malacostraca spiders, ticks, mites, scorpions pillbugs and sowbugs Subphylum Uniramia Subphylum Uniramia Class Diplopoda Class Chilopoda millipedes centipedes 1 Subphylum Uniramia Subclass Apterygota Class Hexapoda - Insects 3 body parts • Small, primitive, 3 pairs legs wingless 2 pairs wings •Orders 1 pair antennae – Protura –Collembola –Diplura – Microcoryphia – Thysanura Thysanura - silverfish Ephemeroptera Odonata mayflies dragonflies and damselflies • Wings held above body at rest • Antennae inconspicuous • Often have ‘tails’ • Immature stages aquatic, adults often near water • Found near streams • 4 elongate, many-veined membranous wings • Antennae small, bristle-like • Preserve adults and • Pin adults, preserve nymphs nymphs in alcohol in alcohol Orthoptera Dictyoptera grasshoppers, katydids, crickets mantids, cockroaches • Hindlegs adapted for jumping • Legs adapted for • Forewings thickened, narrow running • Hindwings membranous • Forewing thickened • Adults pinned • Nymphs in alcohol • Hindwing membranous • Most fly poorly • Adults pinned • Nymphs in alcohol 2 Dermaptera Isoptera earwigs termites • Elongate, slender • Usually pale, soft-bodied • ‘pincers’ at end of • Winged and wingless abdomen forms, weak fliers • Wings same size and • Winged or wingless shape, held flat over body • Find under rocks, logs at rest • Pin or point adults • Find under logs, stumps • Adults and nymphs in • Nymphs in alcohol alcohol Plecoptera Thysanoptera stoneflies thrips • Somewhat flat, drab- • Minute, slender- colored bodied • Wings at rest flat over • 4 fringed wings (if abdomen, weak fliers present) • Long antennae • Near streams and rocky • Find by shaking shores, find on bridges, flowers over paper vegetation • Preserve in alcohol • Adults, nymphs in alcohol Hemiptera Heteroptera homoptera and heteroptera true bugs • Sucking mouthparts, beak arises from front of head • Triangle on back • Basal portion of Forewings thickened • Sucking mouthparts • For field ID, divide into two suborders 3 Homoptera Neuroptera whiteflies, scale, aphids, cicadas, snakeflies, lacewings, antlions planthoppers, treehoppers • Soft-bodied • 2 pairs of wings held • 4 membranous wings, roof-like at rest lots of veins • Beak arises from back • Wings held rooflike at rest of head • Antennae long • Soft-bodied adults • Several families found near water In alcohol • Adults and nymphs in alcohol Coleoptera Mecoptera beetles scorpionflies • Hard forewings, membranous • 4 membranous wings hindwings •Elongated face • Wings meet in line down back • Pin or point adults, larvae and • Some forms wingless minute adults in alcohol • Pin adults, larvae in alcohol • Males have scorpion- like tail Trichoptera Siphonaptera caddisflies fleas • Adults resemble moths, but have long slender • Small wingless insects antennae • Larvae case-building • Find on animals aquatic • Adults and larvae in • Wings held roof-like at alcohol rest • Adults and larvae in alchohol 4 Lepidoptera Diptera moths and butterflies flies • 4 membranous wings covered in scales • Pin and spread adults, larvae in alcohol • 1 pair of wings • Hind wings are ‘knobs’ • Pin or point adults • Larvae in alcohol Hymenoptera bees, wasps, ants • 4 membranous wings, held flat over abdomen at rest • Hindwing smaller than forewing • Antennae usually fairly long 5.