Missiological Research Missiological Research: Interdisciplinary Foundations, Methods, and Integration Marvin Gilbert, Alan R. Johnson, and Paul W. Lewis, editors iii Copyright © Assemblies of God Theological Seminary August 2016 iv Contents Preface .................................................................................................................................. Contributors ......................................................................................................................... Introduction ....................................................................................................................... Unit 1: Foundational Issues in Missiological Research 1. Interdisciplinary Research: An Epistemological Framework (M Gilbert) ..................... 2. Epistemological Frameworks in Qualitative Research (A Johnson) .............................. 3. Interdisciplinary Research: Challenges and Pitfalls (B Grant) ....................................... 4. The Four-Phase Model of Missiological Research (M Gilbert) ..................................... 5. The Four-Phase Model in Academic Context (M Gilbert) ............................................. 6. The Library in Interdisciplinary Research: Content and Methodology (B Grant) ......... 7. Social Science Resources for Enriching the Literature Review (M Gilbert) .................. 8. Primary and Secondary Sources (C Self) ....................................................................... 9. Integrative Critical Analysis (M Gilbert) ....................................................................... 10. Theory Development (A Johnson) .................................................................................. 11. Theory in Missiological Context (A Johnson) ................................................................ 12. Ethical Research with Human Subjects (J Mostert) ....................................................... 13. Validity and Reliability (J Mostert) ................................................................................ Unit 2: Theological Research in Missiological Inquiry 14. Introduction to Biblical and Theological Resources (P Lewis) ..................................... 15. Doing Theology Missiologically (D Rance) ................................................................... 16. Biblical Hermeneutics (P Lewis) .................................................................................... 17. Biblical Theology (P Lewis) ........................................................................................... 18. Historical Theology (C Self) .......................................................................................... 19. Systematic Theology (P Lewis) ...................................................................................... 20. Contextual Theology (A Johnson and P Lewis with W Newberry) .............................. 21. Narratives, Narrative, and Narrative Theology (P Lewis) .............................................. Unit 3: Qualitative Research 22. The Nature of Data (M Gilbert) ...................................................................................... 23. Qualitative and Quantitative Research: Similarities and Distinctions (M Gilbert) ........ v 24. Ethnography (A Johnson) ............................................................................................... 25. Ritology (D Albrecht) .................................................................................................... 26. Case Studies (A Johnson) ............................................................................................... 27. Historical Research (C Self) ........................................................................................... 28. Grounded Theory (J Easter) ............................................................................................ 29. Foundations for Interviewing (A Johnson) ..................................................................... 30. Strategies for Effective Interviewing (A Johnson) ......................................................... 31. Focus Group Interviews (A Koeshall) ............................................................................ 32. Qualitative Data Analysis (J Easter and A Johnson) ...................................................... 33. Field Work and Field Notes: Building an Ethnographic Database (A Johnson) ............ 34. Coding in Qualitative Field Research (J Easter and A Johnson) .................................... 35. Memoing in Qualitative Field Research (J Easter and A Johnson) ................................ Unit 4: Quantitative and Mixed-Methods Research 36. Sampling from a Population (M Gilbert) ........................................................................ 37. Survey Research (J Mostert) ........................................................................................... 38. Questionnaire Construction (J Mostert) .......................................................................... 39. Statistically Speaking (M Gilbert) .................................................................................. 40. Inferential Statistics (M Gilbert) ..................................................................................... 41. Hypothesis Testing (M Gilbert) ...................................................................................... 42. Educational Research (B Grant) ..................................................................................... 43. Action Research (B Grant) ............................................................................................. 44. Program Evaluation (J Mostert) ...................................................................................... 45. Content Analysis (R Bartels) .......................................................................................... 46. Q Methodology (B Braswell) ......................................................................................... 47. Pile-sort Methodology (B Grant) .................................................................................... Unit 5: Theological and Empirical Integration 48. Integrating Disciplines: Exploration of a Methodology (A Koeshall) ........................... 49. Integration in Writing Up Missiological Research (A Johnson) .................................... 50. My Journey in Integration (D Rance) ............................................................................. 51. Integration and the Missionary Life (M Hausfeld) ........................................................ 52. Valuing the Integration of the Social Sciences in Mission Practice (J Easter) ............... vi 53. Missiological Research as Worship (D Rance) .............................................................. Appendices ............................................................................................................................ Appendix 1: Four Phase Model of Missiological Research ................................................. Appendix 2: Four Phase Model in Academic Context ........................................................ Appendix 3: Interdisciplinary Researchers’ Needs and Behaviors ...................................... Appendix 4: Pentecostal Research Resources ..................................................................... Appendix 5: Dictionaries of Interest to Missiologists ......................................................... Appendix 6: Encyclopedias of Interest to Missiologists ...................................................... Appendix 7: Electronic Theses and Dissertations ............................................................... Appendix 8: Sources of Quotable–Citable Information ...................................................... Appendix 9: Open-Access Journals ..................................................................................... Appendix 10: Informed Consent Essential Content ............................................................... Appendix 11: Techniques in Interviewing ............................................................................. Appendix 12: Sampling Error ................................................................................................ Appendix 13: Sample Size Required for a Known Population .............................................. Appendix 14: Steps in Qualitative Data Analysis .................................................................. Appendix 15: Guidelines for Biblical and Theological Research ......................................... Appendix 16: Using Indices and Abstracts for Biblical-Theological Research .................... Appendix 17: Bible and Bible Versions ............................................................................... Appendix 18: Selected Bibliography for Biblical and Theological Research ...................... Appendix 19: Doing Word Studies in the Bible ................................................................... Appendix 20: How to Do a New Testament Word Study .................................................... Appendix 21: Basic Exegesis Guidelines ............................................................................. Appendix 22: Studying a Theme in Biblical Theology ........................................................ Appendix 23: Types/Genres of Ritual: A Suggestive List ..................................................... Appendix 24: Major Journals in Bible and Theology ...........................................................