BELGIAN RESEARCH ACTION THROUGH INTERDISCIPLINARY NETWORKS Deliverable D1.1 - 1.2 SWOT analysis 03/03/2015 BRAIN-TRAINS Transversal assessment of new intermodal strategies 1 CONTENTS CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................................................2 TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS ......................................................................................................................................5 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................6 DELIVERABLE 1.1 - 1.2 A: Optimal corridor and hub development .......................................................................7 1. Strengths .......................................................................................................................................................9 2. Weaknesses ............................................................................................................................................... 11 3. Opportunities ............................................................................................................................................ 13 4. Threats ....................................................................................................................................................... 15 References ......................................................................................................................................................... 17 DELIVERABLE 1.1 - 1.2 B: What is the role of costs in transportation mode competitiveness? ........................ 18 1. Strengths .................................................................................................................................................... 20 2. Weaknesses ............................................................................................................................................... 21 DELIVERABLE 1.1 - 1.2 C: SWOT of intermodal railroad transport competitiveness related to road transport – full costs consideration (transportation companies perspective) ...................................................................... 22 1. Strengths .................................................................................................................................................... 23 2. Weaknesses ............................................................................................................................................... 24 3. Opportunities ............................................................................................................................................ 26 4. Threats ....................................................................................................................................................... 28 References ......................................................................................................................................................... 30 DELIVERABLE 1.1 - 1.2 D: Macroeconomic influence of freight transportation by rail ...................................... 32 List of figures ..................................................................................................................................................... 34 List of tables ....................................................................................................................................................... 35 1. Strengths .................................................................................................................................................... 36 2. Weaknesses ............................................................................................................................................... 47 3. Opportunities ............................................................................................................................................ 57 4. Threats ....................................................................................................................................................... 86 References ......................................................................................................................................................... 98 DELIVERABLE 1.1 - 1.2 E: Sustainability impact of intermodality ..................................................................... 104 1. Strengths .................................................................................................................................................. 106 2. Weaknesses ............................................................................................................................................. 108 3. Opportunities .......................................................................................................................................... 110 4. Threats ..................................................................................................................................................... 111 References ....................................................................................................................................................... 112 BRAIN-TRAINS – SWOT analyse 2 ANNEX I - Papers or reports about freight and intermodal transport ............................................................ 113 ANNEX II - Papers or reports about Life Cycle Assessment FOR rail FREIGHT................................................. 114 ANNEX III - Reports about external cost of transport ..................................................................................... 116 DELIVERABLE 1.1 - 1.2 F: Regulation policy ........................................................................................................ 117 List of figures and tables .................................................................................................................................. 119 1. Strengths .................................................................................................................................................. 120 2. Weaknesses ............................................................................................................................................. 126 3. Opportunities .......................................................................................................................................... 130 4. Threats ..................................................................................................................................................... 131 References ....................................................................................................................................................... 134 DELIVERABLE 1.1 - 1.2 G: Effective policy-making for a well-functioning intermodality ................................. 136 List of figures and tables .................................................................................................................................. 139 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 140 2. A call for a holistic government strategy ................................................................................................. 142 3. Determining the priorities for a holistic strategy .................................................................................... 144 4. A neglected momentum for going the extra mile ................................................................................... 147 5. Divergence and the non-development of a holistic government strategy ............................................. 150 6. A new impulse for collaboration due to European pressures ................................................................. 151 7. Getting the strategic plans on the same wavelength as the EU policies ................................................ 154 8. The end of the holistic government strategy but a call for linking the modes ....................................... 156 9. Discussion of the case.............................................................................................................................. 158 10. The success factors in the process of policy-making ........................................................................... 161 References ....................................................................................................................................................... 164 ANNEX I - Policy implementation challenges: A literature review .................................................................. 167 DELIVERABLE 1.1 - 1.2 H: SWOT analysis ........................................................................................................... 180 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 180 List of figures ................................................................................................................................................... 182 1. General analysis ....................................................................................................................................... 183 2. Strengths analysis ...................................................................................................................................