.l^ms^ Cornell XHniversit^ Cornell University 'i<^J, Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924003118621 g^BS CAMPINES'-^^^;^fppgw*f ',• -. 41 ,< THE C AMPINES Silver and Golden Their History; Their Practical Qualities; How to Mate and Breed Them; Ho^v to Jud^e Them; The Gampine Standards of America, England and Belgium. F. L. PLATT, Editor CONTRIBUTED TO BY THE BEST KNOWN AND MOST EXPERT BREEDERS IN AMERICA AND EUROPE. FULLY ILLUSTRATED PRICE, SEVENTY-FIVE GENTS PUBLISHED JOINTLY BY Reliable Poultry .loiirnal Publishing Company, Quincy, Illinois AND American Poultry Publishing Company, Buffalo. New York H-T ^iS copyright by Reliable Poultry Journal Publishing Company QuiNCY, Illinois 1914 INTRODUCTION T IS THP: rURrOSE of this book to put before the reader in quickly accessible form the knowledge that expert breeders and I judges have gained from their wide experience. The contributors to this book were pioneer Campinists, and the work that they have done in refining and beautifying the breed is very great. But— it is very recent. Much slow.'er, and with great thoroughness, Nature had fashioned in her hand— according to the climate, soil and environment— the Campine race. Nature alone can make thorough-breds, and the Campine. with ancient lineage and pure pedigree, is one of Nature's thorough-breds. Today the Campine is in the noontide of its popularity and perfection. Fieginning with its early history, we may see it emerge from the shadows; we may see the rising sun of civilization disperse the vapor and mist of the dawn and the Silver and Golden Campines take distinct form on the sandy plains of the old Netherlands. The wish of the editor is that this book will be worthy of the breed's high traditions, and that readers will find their expectations fulfilled. One feature of the book that particularly impresses us as valuable, comprises the pictures of the leading winning specimens at America's foremost poultry shows. By observing these fine half-tone illustrations throughout the book, you will be able to study the progress that has been made from year to year in type and color, and note the trend of the times. F. L. PLATT. INDEX Introduction 3 Golden and Silver Campines F. L. Sewell Frontispiece Braekel and Its Eggs, The Louis Vander Snicli 9 Breeders Must Look to Health and \^igor Walter C. Young .46 Campine, The Ber. E. Leiris Jones 5 Campine Braekel, The Mndume A. F. Van Schelle 26 Campine, A Beautiful and Productive Fowl, The F. L. Sewell - 53 ..34 Campines, As Money Makers, The J. Fred N . Kennedy Campines for Pleasure and Profit Dr. J. II. Prudhomme 32 Campine Fowl, The Aiiij. D. Arnold 39 Campines in Belgium, England and America F. L. Piatt 19 Campines in Belgium, Holland, England and America C. S. Theo. Van GinJc 28 Campine Standard—America's 74 Campine Standard—English 76 Campine Standard—Belgian 77 Exporting Eggs From the Braekel Country F L. Scivell 30 First Prize Exhibition Pen Madison Square Gar dtn. J II ust ration 50 "Get A Few" II. P. McDnnough 43 Golden Campine Pen Illustration 44 History and Progress of Campines in America..... il/. B,. Jacobus 51 History of the English Campine, The William W. Broomltead 48 Flousing and Care of Campines, The Gensemer Bros. 37 How to Organize and Conduct a Specialty Club M. R. Jacobus 72 Ideal Campine of Today, The P. L. Plait _..._ 82 Judging Campines M. L. ( liapman 85 Last Two Years With Silver Campines, The IT'. II. Busliell 47 Making a Start in Campines E. F. Dean^ ._ 45 Organization of the American Campine Club, The 74 Pair Silver and Golden Campines _ _ llhtsiration 75 Production of the English Type Gold Campine Male, The A'cr. E. Lewis Jones _ 59 Rapid Progress of the Campine, The F. L. Plait L5 Rose Comb Silver Campines .._ F. L. i'lail 87 Silver Campine, The Frank E . Herinij 40 Study of Campine Feathers Rev. J. X. Wynne Williams 78 Treatment of Sick Birds, The Ji>.s.F. Chapman 38 Type and Color of the Present Day Campine 1. 0. Scliilling 63 What Constitutes An Ideal Campine _ F. L. I'lail 79 Why America Did Not Accept the Belgian Type M. /?. Jaeolms.____ 24 Why We Are Breeding Golden Campines \. A. ('never 42 The Campine The Origin of the Gampine— Its Eoonomioal Qualities — Early Crosses That Were Made—The English Con- sider 3's Pounds for Hens and S'i Pounds for Cooks the Normal Weight — A Roomy House is Required for Campiues, and the Breeder Must Be Careful Not to Overfeed By Rev. E. Lewis Jones. Ueyope Iteotory, Knighton. Radnorshire. England UNDER this name—the Campine—we designate a membering how similar the males were to the females breed that has its origin in Belgium, and is de- amongst the cattle of Denmark, where cows are noted rived from two varieties there—the Campine and for their milk-producing qualities. the Braekel. These two are very similar in marking, The English standard Campine is, then, a bird with but differ in size (the Braekel being the larger), in type, white neck hackle, the rest of the body barred, the black and in certain other characteiistics. The Braekel and the bar being as near as possible three times as wide as the Campine must have come originally from the same stock white ground color, and certainly not less than three (undoubtedly' the Campine is a stunted Braekel), and times as wide. The white ground color must be open and have varied under the influence of environment, and bold, not narrow threads, something like fine cobwebs, through infusion of the blood of the races already in the going across a black body. Each feather should end in districts when they were introduced into their present a clear white bar. The barrings should suggest rings habitats. round the body, the geometrical exactitude being broken The history of the breeds is unknown. They may by the rounded ends of the feathers. The dividing line have been in Belgium when Julius Caesar visited the between the colors in the bar should be clearly defined place, and maybe they were the birds the old soldier and straight, not dovetailing or zig-zagging in any way. took back with him to Rome, and which the Roman Most certainly the bar should not be curved, or in the epicures much enjoyed. Undoubtedly, the Campine and shape of a horseshoe. The direction of the bar may Braekel are the G. turcica of Aldrovandus. We know vary—that is, it may run transversely or obliquely across for certain that these two were the noted breeds of Bel- the feathers. What is important is that the edge colors gium of 400 years ago. The parent stock hens have a should be clean cut and distinct. The oblique direc- long, egg-laying pedigree, and I may as well say here tion of the bar is very pretty, giving rise to what is that the English Campine has gained rather than lost described as mackerel markings. All that I have so tar in egg-laying power since its introduction into England. attempted to describe I call the regularity of the mark- It has gained because we have bred for the character of ings. This regularity gives exceeding beauty to the bird, egg-laying just as we have bred for improvement in and here very often judges go wrong, placing a bird for- markings of feathers. I say this because at present cer- ward because he is heavily marked, disregarding much tain people in England and abroad delight in libeling the English Cam- pine. It passes my comprehension why they should thus bear false witness against the bird as they per- sistentl}' do. Not only have we im- proved the prolificacy of the bird, but we have more than maintained the size of the egg. There is no means of getting at the traducers of the English Campine. except thus to expose them. The bird, as introduced into Eng- land, differed a good deal from our present exhibition bird. The male had practically a white top, and the tail was black. The females were not at all well barred, and in a few cases were the colors separate. To breed good cockerels and good pul- lets according to the Belgian stand- ard means double-mating, and the BRABKBLS English Campine Club decided that An ideal pair (1900) from drawings forwarded by the secretary of the Braekel it was not desirable that Campines Club of Belg-ium to "The Feathered World," England. should require double mating; so they determined to standardize the male similar to the more regularly but less heavily marked birds, which are female. I think they were wise in this decision, be- in reality far ahead. cause they avoided double-mating, and because to Now we must examine the individual feathers, and standardize the male similar to the female means the first point is the distinct white tip. Then we look to strengthen the economic quality of the female—in this to see if the colors are pure—the white white, without case, egg-laying. I need not here tell again how the any intermixture of black or grey; the black black greatest Belgian poultry authority, the late Monsieur L. without a tendency to an intermediate bar of very nar- Vander Snickt, was converted to the truth of this by re- row gray in the middle of the black.