FM 20-32 C2 Change 2 Headquarters Department of the Army Washington, DC, 22 August 2001 Mine/Countermine Operations 1. Change FM 20-32, 30 September 1992, as follows: Remove Old Pages Insert New Pages i through xviii i through xviii 1-5 through 1-8 1-5 through 1-8 2-9 and 2-10 2-9 and 2-10 2-21 and 2-22 2-21 and 2-22 2-45 and 2-46 2-45 and 2-46 3-1 through 3-8 3-1 through 3-8 3-13 and 3-14 3-13 and 3-14 3-17 through 3-33 3-17 through 3-28 4-1 through 4-4 4-1 through 4-4 4-7 and 4-8 4-7 and 4-8 4-11 and 4-12 4-11 and 4-12 4-15 4-15 5-3 and 5-4 5-3 and 5-4 5-7 and 5-8 5-7 and 5-8 6-9 and 6-10 6-9 and 6-10 6-25 and 6-26 6-25 and 6-26 6-35 through 6-38 6-35 through 6-38 7-13 and 7-14 7-13 and 7-14 8-5 and 8-6 8-5 and 8-6 8-9 through 8-12 8-9 through 8-12 8-17 and 8-18 8-17 and 8-18 8-21 through 8-30 8-21 through 8-30 9-1 and 9-2 9-1 and 9-2 9-7 9-7 10-1 through 10-4 10-1 through 10-4 10-11 and 10-12 10-11 and 10-12 10-25 through 10-34 10-25 through 10-34 10-37 and 10-38 10-37 and 10-38 11-1 and 11-2 11-1 and 11-2 11-5 and 11-6 11-5 and 11-6 11-13 and 11-14 11-13 and 11-14 11-17 and 11-18 11-17 and 11-18 12-1 and 12-2 12-1 and 12-2 12-9 through 12-12 12-9 through 12-12 Remove Old Pages Insert New Pages 12-15 and 12-16 12-15 and 12-16 13-1 through 13-6 13-1 through 13-6 13-15 and 13-16 13-15 and 13-16 13-21 and 13-22 13-21 and 13-22 13-29 through 13-33 13-29 through 13-33 A-11 and A-12 A-11 and A-12 A-29 and A-30 A-29 and A-30 A-33 and A-34 A-33 and A-34 B-1 through B-6 B-1 through B-5 C-1 and C-2 C-1 and C-2 D-5 and D-6 D-5 and D-6 D-15 and D-16 D-15 and D-16 E-1 and E-2 E-1 and E-2 F-3 and F-4 F-3 and F-4 F-9 and F-10 F-9 and F-10 F-17 and F-18 F-17 and F-18 Glossary-7 through Glossary-10 Glossary-7 through Glossary-10 References-1 and References-2 References-1 and References-2 Index-1 through Index-6 Index-1 through Index-6 DA Form 1355-1-R DA Form 1355-1-R 2. A bar ( ) marks new or changed material. 3. File this transmittal sheet in front of the publication. 4. This change includes Change 1, 30 June 1999. DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. By Order of the Secretary of the Army: ERIC K. SHINSEKI General, United States Army Chief of Staff Official: JOEL B. HUDSON Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Army 0121803 DISTRIBUTION: Active Army, Army National Guard, and US Army Reserve: To be distributed in accordance with the initial distribution number 111053, requirements for FM 20-32. 2 3 C2 *FM 20-32 Field Manual Headquarters No. 20-32 Department of the Army Washington, DC, 29 May 1998 MINE/COUNTERMINE OPERATIONS Table of Contents Page LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS .............................................................................................................x Figures............................................................................................................................................x Tables............................................................................................................................................ xv PREFACE.......................................................................................................................................xvii CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................1-1 MECHANICS OF MINES ..........................................................................................................1-1 Characteristics and Functioning .........................................................................................1-1 Components and Initiating Actions.....................................................................................1-2 ANTITANK MINES....................................................................................................................1-4 Types of Kills ........................................................................................................................1-4 Types of Sensing ...................................................................................................................1-5 Types of Warheads ...............................................................................................................1-5 ANTIPERSONNEL MINES .......................................................................................................1-5 Types of Kills ........................................................................................................................1-5 Types of Sensing ...................................................................................................................1-6 Types of Effects.....................................................................................................................1-6 ANTIHANDLING DEVICES .....................................................................................................1-6 Part One. Mine Operations CHAPTER 2. MINE-WARFARE PRINCIPLES........................................................................2-1 MINE-WARFARE CONCEPTS..................................................................................................2-1 TYPES OF MINEFIELDS ..........................................................................................................2-1 Protective Minefields............................................................................................................2-2 Tactical Minefields ...............................................................................................................2-3 Nuisance Minefields .............................................................................................................2-4 Phony Minefields ..................................................................................................................2-4 PROTECTIVE VERSUS TACTICAL MINEFIELDS................................................................2-5 TACTICAL MINEFIELDS .........................................................................................................2-5 Minefield Variables ..............................................................................................................2-7 Design..................................................................................................................................2-10 DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. ____________________________ *This manual supersedes FM 20-32, 30 September 1992. i C2 Page TACTICAL-OBSTACLE INTEGRATION PRINCIPLES....................................................... 2-14 Obstacle Emplacement Authority ..................................................................................... 2-14 Obstacle Control.................................................................................................................2-14 Obstacle Control Measures................................................................................................ 2-15 Fratricide Prevention......................................................................................................... 2-19 Maneuver-Plan Support .................................................................................................... 2-19 SITING AND EMPLACING TACTICAL MINEFIELDS....................................................... 2-32 Coordinating with the Maneuver Commander ................................................................ 2-32 Siting the Minefield ........................................................................................................... 2-37 Emplacing Minefields ........................................................................................................ 2-39 Determining Resource Requirements ............................................................................... 2-39 MINEFIELD SUPPLY OPERATIONS ................................................................................... 2-39 Resupply Nodes.................................................................................................................. 2-41 Resupply Rules...................................................................................................................2-43 Supply Location..................................................................................................................2-44 Resupply Methods.............................................................................................................. 2-44 MINEFIELD MARKING ......................................................................................................... 2-49 Criteria ............................................................................................................................... 2-49 Perimeter............................................................................................................................ 2-50 Techniques.......................................................................................................................... 2-50 MINEFIELD TURNOVER....................................................................................................... 2-52 MINEFIELD INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE............................................................. 2-55 CHAPTER 3. SCATTERABLE MINES AND MINE DELIVERY SYSTEMS........................ 3-1 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS.............................................................................................. 3-1 Antipersonnel Mines...........................................................................................................