Mississippi State University Scholars Junction Theses and Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 1-1-2018 Settlement Patterns in Albania from the Iron Age Through Greek Colonization and Roman Integration (1100 Bc - Ad 395) Erina Baci Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/td Recommended Citation Baci, Erina, "Settlement Patterns in Albania from the Iron Age Through Greek Colonization and Roman Integration (1100 Bc - Ad 395)" (2018). Theses and Dissertations. 3929. https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/td/3929 This Graduate Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Scholars Junction. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholars Junction. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Template B v3.0 (beta): Created by J. Nail 06/2015 Settlement patterns in Albania from the Iron Age through Greek colonization and Roman integration (1100 BC – AD 395) By TITLE PAGE Erina Baci A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Mississippi State University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in Anthropology in the Department of Anthropology and Middle Eastern Cultures Mississippi State, Mississippi August 2018 Copyright by COPYRIGHT PAGE Erina Baci 2018 Settlement patterns in Albania from the Iron Age through Greek colonization and Roman integration (1100 BC – AD 395) By APPROVAL PAGE Erina Baci Approved: ____________________________________ Darcy Shane Miller (Major Professor) ____________________________________ Evan Peacock (Committee Member) ____________________________________ Michael L. Galaty (Committee Member) ____________________________________ Lorenc Bejko (Committee Member) ____________________________________ David M. Hoffman (Graduate Coordinator) ____________________________________ Rick Travis Dean College of Arts & Sciences Name: Erina Baci ABSTRACT Date of Degree: August 10, 2018 Institution: Mississippi State University Major Field: Anthropology Major Professor: Darcy Shane Miller Title of Study: Settlement patterns in Albania from the Iron Age through Greek colonization and Roman integration (1100 BC – AD 395) Pages in Study: 173 Candidate for Degree of Master of Arts The Illyrians were an Indo-European group of people who once inhabited a large expanse of the western Balkans. As interactions with the Greeks and, later, the Romans increased, the traditional way of life and sociopolitical organization of the Illyrians were undoubtedly altered. This thesis takes a geospatial approach in order to address how interactions with other groups of people influenced Illyrian settlement patterns. Specifically, how Greek colonization followed by Roman incorporation affected Illyrian settlement patterns in Albania? Due to its peripheral location in the Mediterranean, Albania provides a unique case study for investigating colonization, integration, and interaction between different cultures. DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my parents. Every step forward I take is because of you. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I guess the saying “it takes a village” holds true for thesis research as well. I could not have completed my research without the kindness, encouragement, support and advice of numerous individuals. First and foremost, my supervisor, Shane Miller and my committee members, Michael Galaty, Evan Peacock and Lorenc Bejko. Shane, thank you for taking me on as your student and for the countless times you helped me when I needed it - for walking me through my results and stats, for being patient with me when I needed more time. Mike, for teaching me everything I now know about Albanian archaeology, for helping me make sense of my results and for providing me with countless opportunities to learn and grow as an academic. Evan, thank you for opening my eyes to the importance of theory, I will never view the archaeological record the same again and I believe I will be a better archaeologist because of it. And Lorenc, thank you for your advice on my research and for granting me access to the library of the Academy of Science in Tirana, where most of the data for my gazetteer was collected. I consider myself truly lucky to have had the opportunity to study and work under each of your guidance and to have had your support as I completed my thesis. I would also like to thank my family, who have supported me and my determination to become an archaeologist from day one. My parents who have sacrificed so much to provide me with the opportunity to pursue an education. My grandmother, iii who has been my role model and favorite person my entire life, and my sisters who have been my cheerleaders throughout this whole process. Thank you to my roommates over the past two years: Petra Banks, Zhaneta Gjyshja and Anisa Mara, who have become my family away from home. Thank you for taking me under your wings when I was new to Mississippi and for being my support system in Starkville. Finally, I would like to thank my friends, both new and old, who encouraged and supported me, lifted me up when I was down and most importantly, made grad school bearable. Thank you all, for believing in me, encouraging me to push through and for helping me succeed. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION .................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................... iii LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ vii LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................... ix CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................1 Statement of a Problem .........................................................................................1 II. LITERATURE REVIEW .....................................................................................7 Theory ...................................................................................................................7 Terminology ........................................................................................................10 Colonization ........................................................................................................12 History of Archaeology in Albania .....................................................................15 Geology and Climate ...........................................................................................16 Important Sites .....................................................................................................18 GIS and Settlement Pattern Analysis ..................................................................24 III. RESEARCH DESIGN ........................................................................................27 Rationale ..............................................................................................................27 Hypotheses ..........................................................................................................31 Hypothesis 1 ..................................................................................................31 Hypothesis 2 ..................................................................................................32 Hypothesis 3 ..................................................................................................33 IV. MATERIALS AND METHODS ........................................................................35 Materials ..............................................................................................................35 Methods ...............................................................................................................37 V. RESULTS ...........................................................................................................45 v Hypothesis 1 ........................................................................................................45 Hypothesis 1 ..................................................................................................45 Hypothesis 1a ................................................................................................51 Hypothesis 1b ................................................................................................54 Hypothesis 1c ................................................................................................55 Hypothesis 1d ................................................................................................61 Hypothesis 2 ........................................................................................................69 Hypothesis 2 ..................................................................................................69 Hypothesis 2a ................................................................................................73 Hypothesis 2b ................................................................................................78 Hypothesis 2c ................................................................................................79 Hypothesis 3 ........................................................................................................80 Hypothesis 3 ..................................................................................................80