MEGAPESCA Rua Gago Coutinho 11 Valado de Santa Quitéria 2460 – 207 Alfeizerão Portugal Telephone: (+351) 262 990 372 Fax: (+351) 262 990 496 EMAIL: [email protected] Website: http://www.megapesca.com MARINE AQUACULTURE IN EGYPT CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................1 2 PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF FISH IN EGYPT......................................................2 2.1 FISH PRODUCTION .....................................................................................................................2 2.2 INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN FISHERY PRODUCTS .........................................................................5 2.3 FISH SUPPLIES TO MARKET AND CONSUMPTION .........................................................................5 2.4 CONTRIBUTION OF AQUACULTURE TO FISH CONSUMPTION........................................................6 2.5 PRICES OF FISH PRODUCTS FROM AQUACULTURE ......................................................................8 2.5.1 Seabass and seabream......................................................................................................9 3 OVERVIEW OF SECTOR DEVELOPMENTS SINCE 1996 .................................................13 3.1 PRODUCTION OF MARINE SPECIES............................................................................................13 3.1.1 North Sinai......................................................................................................................13 3.1.2 South Sinai......................................................................................................................13 3.1.3 Mussallas, Damietta .......................................................................................................14 3.1.4 Mersa Matrouh...............................................................................................................15 3.2 FISH HATCHERIES ....................................................................................................................15 3.2.1 El Wafaa .........................................................................................................................15 3.2.2 Haraz Hatchery ..............................................................................................................15 3.2.3 Abu Telaat ......................................................................................................................15 3.2.4 Shrimp hatcheries...........................................................................................................16 3.2.5 Research hatcheries........................................................................................................16 3.3 EGYTPIAN AQUACULTURE SOCIETY........................................................................................16 3.4 EU MARKET ACCESS FOR EGYPTIAN AQUACULTURE PRODUCTS..............................................16 3.4.1 Compliance with health conditions.................................................................................16 3.4.2 Control and monitoring of residues in farmed fish.........................................................17 3.4.3 Export establishments.....................................................................................................17 3.5 IMPORT TARIFFS ......................................................................................................................18 3.5.1 Imports into Egypt ..........................................................................................................18 4 LEGAL ASPECTS OF AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT ................................................18 4.1 PRESIDENTIAL DECREE 90/1983..............................................................................................18 4.2 PRESIDENTIAL DECREE 465/1983...........................................................................................19 4.3 LAW NO. 124 ON FISHERIES ....................................................................................................19 4.3.1 Article 19 ........................................................................................................................19 4.3.2 Article 47 ........................................................................................................................19 4.3.3 Article 48 ........................................................................................................................19 4.3.4 Article 49 ........................................................................................................................19 4.3.5 Article 50 ........................................................................................................................19 4.4 DECISION NO. 70/ 1986...........................................................................................................19 4.5 ENFORCEMENT OF LEGISLATION..............................................................................................20 5 SWOT ANALYSIS FOR KEY MARICULTURE ACTIVITIES ............................................21 6 OUTLOOK FOR MARINE AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT ........................................22 6.1 DEMAND FOR FISH FROM AQUACULTURE ................................................................................22 6.2 INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION................................................................................................23 6.3 AVAILABILITY OF HUMAN RESOURCES ....................................................................................23 6.4 SUPPLIES OF FRY .....................................................................................................................24 6.4.1 Fry supplies ....................................................................................................................24 6.4.2 Demand for fry................................................................................................................26 6.5 SUPPLY OF OTHER INPUTS........................................................................................................28 7 CONCLUSIONS...........................................................................................................................29 TABLES Table 1 : Fish Production and Imports during 1992-2000 ('000 tonnes) ...........................................3 Table 2 : Fish production by Source and Species ................................................................................4 Table 3 : International Fish Trade 1995-2000......................................................................................5 Table 4 : Fish Consumption during 1992-2000....................................................................................6 Table 5 : Wholesale Priceso of Tilapia and Mullet during the period 1997-2000 (El Abour Market Cairo).............................................................................................................................................11 Table 6 : Wholesale prices of Seabass and Seabream, 1997 to 2000 ................................................12 Table 7 : Main fish farms in Musallas region, Damietta...................................................................14 Table 8 : Tariff and sales tax rates for imported fishery products ..................................................18 Table 9: Retail and food price changes, 1993 to 1999........................................................................22 Table 10 : Official and black market prices of fry, 2001...................................................................24 Table 11 : Marine Fry Supplies ('000s) ..............................................................................................25 Table 12 : Mariculture in Egypt - Estimated Fry Requirements (1998)..........................................27 FIGURES Figure 1 : Sources of Fish for human consumption.............................................................................6 Figure 2 : Sources of Cultured Fish Species in Egypt in 1998............................................................7 Figure 3 : Sources of Cultured Fish Species in Egypt in 2000............................................................7 Figure 4 : Wholesale Prices of Mullet and Tilapia el Abour market, 1997 - 2000 ............................8 Figure 5 : Wholesale Prices of Seabass and Seabream, 1997 - 2000 ..................................................9 Figure 6 : Marine Fish Fry Supplies in 2000 (‘000)...........................................................................26 Figure 7 : Price of Sea Bream Fry 1985 - 2001 ..................................................................................27 Marine Aquaculture in Egypt Megapesca Lda. - November 2001 Page 1 1 INTRODUCTION This report provides a review of the marine aquaculture sector in Egypt, and includes the following: • Review of production and market development • Assess the outlook for marine aquaculture development, in relation to a number of key constraints to be identified Information sources include: • CAPMAS data on fish production and trade • GAFRD Annual Statistical Report on fish production, fry supplies and marketing • Papers and reports by US AID Agricultural Policy Reform Program • Proceedings of Workshop on Aquaculture Development, El-Arish, March 2001, Suez Canal University The main references consulted were the following: Capture of wild finfish fry in Mediterranean coastal areas and possible