International Journal of Ageing and Later Life Volume 14, No. 2, 2020 Published with the support of the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (Forskningsrådet för hälsa, arbetsliv och välfärd 2018-01671) ISSN 1652-8670 (www) URL: https://ijal.se Copyright International Journal of Ageing and Later Life is published under the auspices of Linköping University Electronic Press. All Authors retain the copyright of their articles. The publishers will keep this document online on the Internet – or its possible replacement – for a considerable time from the date of publi- cation barring exceptional circumstances. The online availability of the document implies a permanent per- mission for anyone to read, to download, to print out single copies for your own use and to use it unchanged for any research-related and ed- ucational purpose. Subsequent transfers of copyright cannot revoke this permission. 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For additional information about the Linköping University Elec- tronic Press and its procedures for publication and for assurance of docu- ment integrity, please refer to its www home page: http://www.ep.liu.se/. © 2020 Linköping University Electronic Press and the Authors ii Editor Associate Editors Peter Öberg Torbjörn Bildtgård Linn Sandberg Editorial Assistant Book Review Editor Cristina Joy Torgé Cristina Joy Torgé Founding Editor Lars Andersson Editorial Board Sara Arber, University of Surrey, UK Jan Baars, University for Humanistics, The Netherlands Simon Biggs, University of Melbourne, Australia Sally Bould, University of Delaware, USA Svein Olav Daatland, Norwegian Social Research (NOVA), Norway Michael Fine, Macquarie University, Australia Lliliana Gastron, National University of Lujan, Argentina Jay Gubrium, University of Missouri, USA Andreas Hoff, Zittau/Görlitz University of Applied Sciences, Germany Martin Hyde, Swansea University, Wales, UK Thérese Jacobs, University of Antwerp, Belgium Malcolm Johnson, University of Bristol, UK Marja Jylhä, University of Tampere, Finland Stephen Katz, Trent University, Canada Hans-Joachim von Kondratowitz, German Centre of Gerontology (DZA), Germany Giovanni Lamura, Italian National Research Center on Ageing, Italy Judith Phillips, University of Stirling, Scotland, UK Chris Phillipson, University of Manchester, UK Marja Saarenheimo, University of Tampere, Finland Anneli Sarvimäki, Age Institute, Finland Nan Stevens, Radboud University, The Netherlands Christine Swane, EGV, Denmark Theo van Tilburg, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands iii Julia Twigg, University of Kent, UK Lucie Vidovićová, Masaryk University, Czech Republic Kieran Walsh, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland Anna Wanka, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Germany Virpi Ylänne, Cardiff University, UK iv Table of Contents Acknowledgements 7 Articles “It used to be called an old man’s game”: Masculinity, ageing embodiment and senior curling participation 9 Kristi A. Allain & Barbara L. Marshall Opposite Ends: widows’ narratives of contemporary late life 35 Paula Vasara Migrant care workers in elderly care: what a study of media representations suggests about Sweden as a caring democracy 61 Sandra Torres & Jonas Lindblom Age-Friendly Approaches and Old-Age Exclusion: A Cross-City Analysis 89 Tine Buffel, Samuèle Rémillard-Boilard, Kieran Walsh, Bernard ­McDonald,­An-Sofie­Smetcoren­&­Liesbeth­De­Donder Tensions in intergenerational practice guidance: intergroup contact versus community development 119 Katie Wright-Bevans, Michael Murray & Alexandra Lamont The final stage of human development? Erikson’s view of integrity and old age legitimate 139 Chris Gilleard Using a life course perspective to understand early labor market exits for people in their late 50s living in the UK 163 Jon Swain, JD Carpentieri, Samantha Parsons & Alissa Goodman v Book Reviews Raquel Medina. (2018). Cinematic Representations of Alzheimer’s Disease. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 224 pp. ISBN 978-1137533708 (hardback) 193 Reviewed by Jill Chonody Gemma Carney & Paul Nash (2020). Critical questions for Ageing Societies. Bristol: Policy Press, 234 pp. ISBN 978-1447351580 (paperback) 197 Reviewed by Aled Singleton vi Acknowledgements The Editor of the International Journal of Ageing and Later Life wishes to thank the following referees who generously provided evaluations and constructive criticism on submitted manuscripts in 2020. Isabel Baumann, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Switzerland Michael Fine, Macquarie University, Australia Laura Hurd, The University of British Columbia, Canada Norah Keating, University of Alberta, Canada Helena Kivnick, University of Minnesota, USA Sanna Koskinen, University of Turku, Finland Mei-Chen Lin, Kent State University, USA Karin Lövgren, Gävle University, Sweden Dan McAdams, Northwestern University, USA Raquel Medina, Aston University, UK Kate de Medeiros, Miami University, Ohio, USA Andrew Scharlach, University of California, USA Hanna van Solinge, Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute, the Netherlands Philip Taylor, Federation University, Australia 7 International Journal of Ageing and Later Life, 2020 14(2): 9–33. The Author doi: 10.3384/ijal.1652-8670.19447 “It used to be called an old man’s game”: Masculinity, ageing embodiment and senior curling participation By KRISTI A. ALLAIN1 & BARBARA L. MARSHALL2 Abstract The sport of curling, popular among older populations in Canada and con- ventionally imagined as a sport for older people, offers an important win- dow into what it means to be an older man participating in sport. While researchers have extensively studied expressions of youthful masculinity in sport culture, scholarship about the confluence of gender expression and old age in sport is much rarer. Using Connell and Messerschmidt’s (2005) reconfiguration of hegemonic masculinity, and drawing on 19 inter- views with older men who curl in mid-sized Canadian towns, we argue that later-life men negotiate complex models of appropriate masculinity that borrow from hegemonic exemplars available in earlier life, deploying certain forms of intellectual, class and gender privilege to do so. At the same time, they disrupt these hegemonies through an emphasis on inter- dependence, caring relationships and the acceptance of bodily limitations. Keywords: ageing, Canada, caring, curling, embodiment, hegemony, masculinity, men, sport. 1Kristi A. Allain, Department of Sociology, St. Thomas University, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada 2Barbara L. Marshall, Department of Sociology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada 9 International Journal of Ageing and Later Life Given men’s potential struggles to meet hegemonic models of mas- culinity in late(r) life, how do men in midlife and beyond understand and represent themselves as men, particularly in the charged and often hypermasculinised spaces of sport culture? In this article, we consider expressions of masculinity in the sport of curling as a case study of late(r)- life masculinity, exploring the ways that these old(er) men express them- selves as men (Hearn 2004; Matthews 2016) through their participation in the sport and its culture. We argue that although some hegemonic standards of masculine expression may be more achievable in earlier life, particularly those linked to the body, late(r)-life men negotiate complex models of appropriate masculinity that both draw from those hegemonic exemplars available in earlier life and disrupt them. Beginning in the 1970s, critical gender scholars began to explicitly study men and expressions of masculinity (Connell & Messerschmidt 2005). Most significantly, scholars were keen to illuminate the ways that gender, and expressions of masculinity conveyed by men, worked to secure and reproduce men’s social power (Whitehead 2002). In this regard, gender scholars have extensively researched expressions of masculinity in youth and early adulthood, examining the intersections of masculinity within the education system, legal system, family and labour force (see Con- nell & Messerschmidt 2005), while often focusing on so-called problem- atic expressions of masculinity (Hearn 2019). In spite of this robust field of scholarship, researchers have sometimes overlooked expressions of masculinity throughout the life course (Calasanti 2004; Drummond 2008; Hearn 2019; King & Calasanti 2013; Spector-Mersel 2006), espe- cially expressions of ageing masculinity in cultures of sport and physi- cal activity (Drummond 2008). Academics readily accept that dominant modes of masculinity in the West today are tied to the bodies of younger men, physical competency and one’s success in the labour force (Connell & Messerschmidt 2005). This connection between youth and masculinity is particularly evident in sociology of sport scholarship. In particular, critical sports scholarship (e.g. Atkinson 2011; Gee & Jackson 2017; Messner 1992) has explored sport as a site where norma- tive expressions of masculinity are developed, sustained and celebrated through young men’s athletic participation. In spite of the fact that men in late(r) life still engage in sport and athletics in large numbers (e.g. Statis- tics Canada [n.d.]