Umanistica Digitale - ISSN:2532-8816 - n.7, 2019 A. C !isten, E. S#a$ini – M'$eling genetic net('!)s. G+sta,e R'+$.s œuvre, fr'm dia!0 t' #'et!0 c'llecti'ns DOI: htt#:/2$'i.'!g210.60922issn.2532-8816/9063 &'$eling genetic net('!)s. *+sta,e -'+$.s œuvre, /!'m $ia!0 t' #'et!0 c'llecti'ns 1Alessi' C !isten, 2"lena S#a$ini Uni,ersit3 $e 4a+sanne [email protected] [email protected] Abstract In t is #a#e! (e 5+il$ +#'n an$ cont!i5+te t' t e discussi'n 5et(een t e a$6acent /ields '/ (digital8 genetic criticism an$ (digital8 sch'la!l0 editing. In #a!ticula!, (e /'cus 'n t e m'delling #!'cess in a !eal-life #!'6ect, 9*+sta,e -'+d, :+,!es c'm#l;tes9, #!esente$ in secti'n 1. < e #!'6ect aims t' create an e$iti'n '/ t e c'm#lete ('!)s '/ t e Swiss a+t '! *+sta,e -'+d (1897-1976), incl+ding t e #+5licati'n 'f is drafts an$ man+scri#ts. < is la!ge co!#+s s eds lig t on R'+$.s writing p!actices: on t e 'ne hand e created a/!es , mainl0 in is dia!0, an$ 'n t e 't e! an$ e selecte$ an$ !e+se$ mate!ials /!'m t e $ia!0 an$ /!'m al!ea$0 #+blis e$ te=ts. < e g'al '/ t is #a#e! is t' #!'#'se a data m'$el /'! !e#!esenting t e genetic #!'cesses in >+esti'n. < is m'$el s '+l$ necessa!il0 g' be0'n$ t e n'ti'n '/ avant-texte '/ a single ('!) an$ e=#l'!e t e connecti'ns 5et(een t e te=ts, in '!$e! t' create a net('!) '/ genetic mate!ials. < e m'del an$ its /'!mali?ati'n in an 1@4 'nt'l'g0 a!e #!esente$ in secti'n 2. In t e /'ll'wing secti'n t e m'$el is a##lied t' t(' case st+$ies fr'm R'+$.s c'!#+s. @e concl+$e 50 #!esenting s'me #'ssi5ilities /'! im#!',ing an$ enla!ging t e /'cus '/ t is st+$0. In >+est.a!ticol' ,iene #!esentat' +n m'dell' di dati #e! le !ela?i'ni genetiche t!a i man'scritti e le #+bblica?i'ni $i +n a+t'!e. 4a #!'#'sta #!en$e le m'sse dall' st+di' $i +n c'!#+s s#eci/ico, #!esentat' nella #!ima se?i'ne dell.a!ticol', >+ell' dell' scritt'!e s,i??e!' *+sta,e -'+$ (1897-1976). 4a scritt+!a di -'+$ nasce !a!amente dal /'gli' bianc': #iA s#ess' egli !i+tili??a, !iscri,en$' ' assem5lan$', #assaggi #!',enienti dal s+' dia!i' ' da testi giB #+bblicati. 4a m'delli??a?i'ne $el #!'gess' genetico nel cas' di +n tale co!#+s !ichiede necessa!iamente $i anda!e 'lt!e l.a,antest' $ella sing'la '#e!a e di crea!e +na !ete $i connessi'ni t!a i testi. Il m'dell', e la s+a /'!mali??a?i'ne in +n.'nt'l'gia 1@4, s'n' #!esentati nella seconda se?i'ne. Di seg+it', il m'$ell' ,iene a##licat' a $ei casi concreti t!atti dall.'#e!a $i -'+d. In c'ncl+si'ne, s'n' discusse alcune #'ssibilitB #e! #!'seg+i!e l' st+di' int!a#!es' e a##lica!e il m'dell' a genesi di,e!se. 77 Umanistica Digitale - ISSN:2532-8816 - n.7, 2019 Ce0('!$s: data m'del, genetic criticism, sc 'la!l0 e$iting, 'nt'l'g0, e$i?i'ni critiche, /il'l'gia $.a+t'!e Genetic criticism and digital scholarly editing1 < e field of genetic criticism is vast and constantl0 e,'l,ing, br'adening its b'+nda!ies in o!de! t' (elcome ne( !esea!ch >+esti'ns. < e cent!al n'ti'n '/ avant-texte, al'ng (it its co+nte!#a!ts, e='genesis an$ en$'genesis, '!iginall0 de,el'#e$ 50 -a0m'n$e De5!a0-Genette 7[34]), as !ecentl0 5een >+esti'ned: $iffe!ent le,els '/ genetic a##!'aches, s+ch as micr'- an$ macr'-genesis, a,e been a$'#te$ 7[77]8G an$ t e st+$0 '/ #'st-e$it'!ial genesis '! e#igenesis, dealing (it te=t+al ,a!iants eme!ging afte! t e fi!st p+blicati'n of a wo!), as 5een /l'+!is ing 7[54]; [56]).2 In t e Digital H+manities !ealm t'da0, sch'la!l0 e$iting is #!'m#te$ t' conside! iss+es /+ndamental t' genetic criticism, s+ch as t e '!ganisati'n 'f mate!ials an$ t '!'+g anal0sis '/ each $'cument. Di!) Ian H+lle, acti,e in #!'m'ting a combinati'n '/ sch'la!l0 editing an$ genetic criticism, s+ggests t at c'm5ining t ese pe!s#ecti,es wo+ld be t' t e a$,antage of b't : 9< e digital genetic editi'n $'es n't a,e t' be eit e! an a!chi,e e$iti'n '! a te=t editi'nG it can be a continuum bet(een t e t('9 ([75]: 49).3 In t is #a#e! (e 5+il$ +#'n an$ cont!i5+te t' t e discussi'n 5et(een t e a$6acent /ields '/ (digital8 genetic criticism an$ (digital8 sch'la!l0 editing. In #a!ticula!, (e /'cus 'n t e m'delling #!'cess in a !eal-life #!'6ect, 9*+sta,e -'+d, Œuvres complètes9, #!esente$ in secti'n 1. < e #!'6ect aims t' create an editi'n '/ t e c'm#lete ('!)s '/ t e Swiss a+t '! *+sta,e -'+d (1897-1976), incl+ding t e #+5licati'n of his drafts and man+scri#ts, ( ic a!e a!chi,e$ m'stl0 at t e Cent!e des litt3!at+!es en S+isse r'man$e of t e Uni,e!sit0 of La+sanne.E < is la!ge co!#+s s eds lig t 'n -'+$.s (!iting #!actices: 'n t e 'ne an$ e create$ a/!es , mainl0 in is $ia!0, an$ 'n t e 't e! an$ e selecte$ an$ !e+se$ mate!ials /!'m t e $ia!0 an$ 1 < is article as been (ritten 6'intl0 50 t e co-a+t 'rs: in #a!ticula!, Alessi' C risten is !es#'nsible /'r secti'ns 1,3,5 an$ "lena S#a$ini /'r t e int!'$+cti'n an$ secti'ns 2,4. 2 J'r its a##licati'n t' t e critical e$iti'n '/ a S(iss a+t '!, see D63F. 3 In Ian H+lle.s vie(, t e n'ti'n '/ 9mac!'genesis9 is a !ele,ant #'int '/ intersecti'n bet(een genetic criticism an$ sch'la!l0 e$iting. < e $istance bet(een sch'larl0 e$iting an$ genetic criticism alm'st $isa##ears in t e case '/ t e Italian filologia d'autore. < e critique génétique #!'#'se$ a (a0 '/ !ea$ing t e texts an$ '/ inte!#!eting t eir +nstable nat+!e, 'n t e basis '/ a genetic $'ssier ( ich nee$e$ t' 5e a,ailable 7in #rinte$ 'r $igital /'rm8: t +s t e e$iti'n '/ t e te=t7s8 is inst!+mental t' t e criticism. 1n t e 't er an$, t e g'al '/ t e filologia d'autore is t' #!'$+ce a sch'la!l0 e$iti'n ( ic ta)es int' acco+nt t e genetic #!'cess an$, e,ent+all0, ena5les t e criticism. @ ile t e /'cus $i//ers, t e t(' tra$iti'ns a,e m+ch in comm'n an$ a,e l'ng ag' starte$ a #!'/itable $ial'g+e 7D39]8. E < e #!'6ect 9*+sta,e -'+$, Œuvres complètes9, base$ at t e Uni,ersit0 '/ 4a+sanne an$ /+n$e$ 50 t e S(iss Nati'nal Science J'+n$ati'n, is $i!ecte$ 50 Daniel &aggetti an$ Clai!e Ka>+ie!. In a$$iti'n t' t e a+t 'rs '/ t is #a#e!, t e !esea!c ers ('!)ing 'n t e #!'6ect a!e K+lien L+rri, -a# aMlle 4aco!$ an$ L!+n' Nellegrin'. &'st '/ t e i$eas #!esente$ e!e c'me /!'m a 6'int e//'!t '/ t e team, ( 'm (e ('+l$ li)e t' t an) e!e. 78 A. C !isten, E. S#adini – M'deling genetic net('!)s. G+sta,e R'+$.s œuvre, fr'm dia!0 t' #'et!0 c'llecti'ns /!'m al!ea$0 #+blis e$ te=ts. < e g'al '/ t is #a#e! is t' #!'#'se a data m'del /'! !e#!esenting t e genetic #!'cesses in >+esti'n. @e will +se t e te!m avant-texte t' !efe! t' all mate!ials #!e#a!ing a ('!).5 < is m'del s '+l$ necessa!il0 g' be0'n$ t e n'ti'n '/ avant-texte an$ s '+l$ e=#l'!e t e c'nnecti'ns 5et(een t e te=ts a!'+n$ it, in '!de! t' create a net('!) '/ genetic mate!ials. Hence t e /'cus '/ '+! m'$el is 'n t e !elati'ns i#s bet(een t e witnesses 7$'cuments an$ #+blicati'ns), n't 'nl0 'n t e witness itsel/ as a genetic entit0. < e m'del an$ its /'!mali?ati'n in an 1@4 'nt'l'g0 a!e #!esente$ in secti'n 2.