Key to the families 1a Wings more or less reduced (brachypterous, Fig. 1, 2), occasionally completely absent 2 The wings are not functional. Only occurring in females. 1b Wings developed normally, not notably reduced 7 2a (1) Adult female lives in or upon larval case Larger moth Psychidae (part). 2b Adult female not in or upon larval case, but free-living 3 3a (2) Labial palpus rudimentary, with only two segments (Fig. 3). Wings unicolorous pale greyish- brown, almost whitish Key 47. Pyralidae (part) Acentria Stph. with one species: A. ephemerella. Labial palpus between the narrow basal segment and the second clavate segment with a short joint without scales. This joint is not considered as a separate segment. The development of the wings of the female varies considerably: from normal (sometimes even larger than in male) to nearly absent. Brachypterous females remain in the water for their whole life. 3b Labial palpus with three segments and normal for Lepidoptera, albeit sometimes small. Wings from pale greyish-brown to greyish-black and usually with markings 4 4a (3) Posterior tibia without median spurs (Fig. 4) Larger moth Geometridae (part) and Lymantriidae (part). Legs sometimes densely haired or scaled. 4b Posterior tibia with median spurs (Fig. 5) 5 5a (4) Labial palpus at least one and a quarter times length of head (Fig. 6). When in doubt labial palpus curved upwards Key 25. Chimabachidae (part) 4.0-10.0 mm. Diurnea Hw. and Dasystoma Curt. with two and one species respectively. 5b Labial palpus at most slightly longer than length of head; never curved upwards 6 6a (5) Head with ocelli absent Larger moth Geometridae (part) 6b Head with ocelli present (Fig. 7) Key 41. Tortricidae (part) 9.0-12.0 mm. Exapate Hb. with one species: E. congelatella. 7a (1) Antenna with flagellum distinctly thickened above middle or apically clavate (Fig. 8 a, b, c). In hindwing frenulum absent Larger moth 18.0-120.0 mm. Zygaenidae (part), Sphingidae (part) and butterflies. 7b Antenna not thickened above middle or apically clavate (Fig. 8d). Hindwing with frenulum consisting of one (Fig. 9) or more bristles (Fig. 10) 8 8a (7) Wings cleft into two or more plumes (Fig. 11, 12) 9 8b Wings entire 10 9a (7) Hindwing fissured to form three plumes (Fig. 11) Key 46. Pterophoridae (part) 10.5-30.0 mm. All Pterophoridae except the genus Agdistis Hb. (35 species). Forewing cleft into two plumes from middle to three-quarters. 9b Hindwing fissured to form six plumes Key 45. Alucitidae 5.0-7.0 mm. One genus, Alucita L., with two species. Forewing also cleft into six plumes (Fig. 12). 123 8. Antenna of Lepidoptera. a. clavate; b‐c. distinctly thickened above middle; d. filiform. 9. Hindwing with frenulum of male of Archips podana (Tortricidae). 10. Hindwing with frenulum of female of Archips podana (Tortricidae). 11. Adult of Cnaemidophorus rhododactyla (Pterophoridae). 12. Forewing of Alucita hexadactyla (Alucitidae). 13. Hindleg of Agdistis bennetii (Pterophoridae). 14. Hindwing with Venation and pecten of Agdistis bennetii (Pterophoridae). 15. Adult of Agdistis adactyla (Pterophoridae). 124 .