LTE to 5G: Cellular and Broadband Innovation Mobile Broadband Transformation, Rysavy Research/5G Americas, August 2017 Page 1 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................ 5 BROADBAND TRANSFORMATION .............................................................................. 8 EXPLODING DEMAND ............................................................................................. 12 Application Innovation ............................................................................................ 12 Internet of Things .................................................................................................. 13 Video Streaming .................................................................................................... 13 Cloud Computing ................................................................................................... 14 5G Data Drivers ..................................................................................................... 14 Global Mobile Adoption ........................................................................................... 15 ALMOST AT 5G ........................................................................................................ 19 Expanding Use Cases ............................................................................................. 19 1G to 5G Evolution ................................................................................................. 21 4G LTE Advances ................................................................................................... 24 5G Use Cases (ITU and 3GPP) ................................................................................. 28 5G Technical Objectives .......................................................................................... 30 5G Concepts and Architectures ................................................................................ 31 5G New Radio (NR) ................................................................................................ 34 Expected 5G Performance ....................................................................................... 36 Release 15 Non-Standalone and Standalone Options .................................................. 36 5G Schedule ................................................................ 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Bookmark not defined. 5G Core Network ................................................................................................... 38 5G Device Availability ............................................................................................. 38 mmWave .............................................................................................................. 38 Network Slicing ..................................................................................................... 40 Information-Centric Networking ............................................................................... 41 3GPP Releases ....................................................................................................... 42 SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGIES AND ARCHITECTURES ............................................. 45 Multiple Cell Types ................................................................................................. 45 Smalls Cells and Heterogeneous Networks ................................................................ 46 Neutral-Host Small Cells ......................................................................................... 49 Unlicensed Spectrum Integration ............................................................................. 49 Internet of Things and Machine-to-Machine ............................................................... 53 Smart Antennas and MIMO ..................................................................................... 55 Virtualization ......................................................................................................... 56 Multi-Access Edge Computing .................................................................................. 58 Multicast and Broadcast .......................................................................................... 58 Remote SIM Provisioning ........................................................................................ 58 VOLTE, RCS, WEBRTC, AND WI-FI CALLING ........................................................... 60 Voice Support and VoLTE ........................................................................................ 60 Rich Communications Suite ..................................................................................... 60 WebRTC ............................................................................................................... 61 Wi-Fi Calling .......................................................................................................... 62 PUBLIC SAFETY ...................................................................................................... 63 LTE Features for Public Safety ................................................................................. 63 Deployment Approaches ......................................................................................... 65 Mobile Broadband Transformation, Rysavy Research/5G Americas, August 2017 Page 2 Device Considerations for Public Safety .................................................................... 66 EXPANDING CAPACITY ........................................................................................... 68 SPECTRUM DEVELOPMENTS .................................................................................... 72 AWS-3 .................................................................................................................. 74 Broadcast Incentive Auction (600 MHz) .................................................................... 74 3550 to 3700 MHz “Small-Cell” Band ........................................................................ 75 2.5 GHz Band ........................................................................................................ 76 5G Bands .............................................................................................................. 76 Harmonization ....................................................................................................... 78 Unlicensed Spectrum .............................................................................................. 80 Spectrum Sharing .................................................................................................. 81 CONCLUSION .......................................................................................................... 85 APPENDIX: TECHNOLOGY DETAILS ........................................................................ 86 3GPP Releases ....................................................................................................... 86 Data Throughput Comparison .................................................................................. 88 Latency Comparison ............................................................................................... 94 Spectral Efficiency.................................................................................................. 95 Data Consumed by Streaming and Virtual Reality .................................................... 102 Spectrum Bands .................................................................................................. 104 5G ..................................................................................................................... 107 Architecture ..................................................................................................... 107 Architecture Options ......................................................................................... 108 LTE-NR Coexistence .......................................................................................... 110 Integrated Access and Backhaul ......................................................................... 113 Performance .................................................................................................... 114 LTE and LTE-Advanced ......................................................................................... 117 LTE-Advanced Terminology ................................................................................ 118 OFDMA and Scheduling ..................................................................................... 119 LTE Smart Antennas ......................................................................................... 121 LTE-Advanced Antenna Technologies .................................................................. 125 Carrier Aggregation .......................................................................................... 129 Coordinated Multi Point (CoMP) .......................................................................... 133 Cellular V2X Communications ............................................................................. 135 User-Plane Congestion Management (UPCON) ...................................................... 136 Network-Assisted Interference Cancellation and Suppression (NAICS) ..................... 136 Multi-User Superposition Transmission (MUST) ..................................................... 136 IPv4/IPv6 .......................................................................................................