Charles Babbage (Dec. 1791 – Oct. 1871) Who was Charles Babbage? n Mathematician n Philosopher n Inventor n Mechanical engineer n Computer scientist Family Roots & Background n Father - Benjamin Babbage (a wealthy banker) n Mother - Betsy Plumleigh Teape n Married to Georgiana Whitmore n 8 children Biography Arrived Trinity College, Cambridge in 1810 n Disappointed about the math programs available at Cambridge n Co-founded Analytical Society with John Herschel, George Peacock n Received an honorary degree without even being examinated in 1814 Main Achievements n Presented Difference Machine (to calculate polynomials by using a numerical method called the differences method) n Constructed Analytical engine (could calculate anything, not just tables, a full engine was never completed due to repeatedly failures to obtain funding) n Second Difference Engine Father of Computer n Analytical machine (the basic design of the modern computer) n Ada Lovelace (the first computer programmer) References n http://www.charlesbabbage.net/ (May, 2011) n http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history/ Babbage.html (May, 2011) n http://blog.lib.umn.edu/hael0002/ alternativemedia5413/2011/02/the- difference-and-analytical- engines.html (May, 2011) 1912 - 1954 Content Family Roots & Background Alma Mater(s) War Time Creations & Discoveries Controversy & Death Fun Facts Family Roots & Background Father – Julius Mathison Turing Conceived in India Indian Civil Servant Maida Vale, London Mother – Ethel Sara Stoney Born on 23rd June 1912 Chief Engineer of Madras Lived with an army retired Railway couple Older Brother – John Turing Alma Mater(s) St. Michael’s at age 6 Sherborne School at age 14 King’s College, Cambridge Institute of Advanced Studies, Princeton War Time Main participant at Bletchley Park to break German ciphers Head of Hut 8, responsible for reading German naval signals Invented Bombe worked with U.S. Navy cryptanalysts Created a hand code breaking technique name Turingery Creations & Discoveries Worked on the design of the ’ACE’ (Automatic Computing Engine) Pilot ACE was built in his absence Worked on software for the Manchester Mark 1 Created Turing test A reversed form of the Turing test is the CAPTCHA test also invented the LU decomposition method Controversy& Death Arnold Murray Conviction for indecency chemical castration Died on 7th June 1954 Suicide an apple lay half-eaten beside his bed References •http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Turing -May 2011 •http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/people/alan_turing -May 2011 •http://www.turing.org.uk/ - May 2011 John von Neumann (The Father of Computer) December 28, 1903 – February 8, 1957 Content 1. Family Roots & Background 2. Contributions 3. Greatest Achievement in the Life 4. Marriage & Death 5. Life Events and Achievement at a Glance Family Roots & Background Father –Neumann An extraordinary prodigy Miksa In 1913, his father was rewarded with ennoblement Mother –Kann Margit Family emigrated to the United States in the early 1930s The oldest of three brothers János -> Johann ->John Austria-Hungary-born American Contributions Quantum physics, functional analysis, set theory, topology, economics, computer science, numerical analysis, hydrodynamics (of explosions), statistics and many other mathematical fields as one of history's outstanding mathematicians. Most notably, von Neumann was a pioneer of the application of operator theory to quantum mechanics Outstanding contributions in the areas of mathematics • Established the theory of operator rings laid the mathematical foundation of quantum mechanics • Applied mathematics, in mechanics, economics , numerical analysis and have important contribution to the electronic calculator • Participated in the 1944 world's first electronic calculator design, • Proposed the Monte Carlo method in the development process of the atomic bomb Greatest Achievements in the Life • Join the development plan for ENIAC computer in 1944 • A new general-purpose stored program computer program (EDVAC program) was born • EDVAC make up of calculator, logic control unit, memory, input and output five major components, and described the five most of the functions and mutual relations in the 101 page report • The era of electronic computer began . Marriage & Death Diagnosed with bone cancer or pancreatic • Married twice cancer in 1957. • Mariette Kevesi in Died within a few 1930 divorced in 1937 months of the initial • Married Klara Dan in diagnosis, in 1938 excruciating pain • One child, by his first Fellow nuclear marriage, a daughter pioneer Enrico named Marina Fermi had died of stomach cancer Life Events and Achievement at a Glance References http://wiki.mbalib.com/wiki/ Von_Neumann (May, 2011) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Von_Neumann_architecture (May, 2011) http://xiaozhanpeega.blog.163.com/blog/ static/338888220102282644405/ (May, 2011) .