THE COMBINATION OF DIASPORA AND MUSIC TO ENHANCE INDONESIA’S CULTURAL DIPLOMACY (CASE STUDY OF HOUSE OF ANGKLUNG WASHINGTON DC 2011-2014) By WILMA SUKARNA PUTRI 016201400196 A thesis presented to the Faculty of Humanities President University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Bachelor Degree in International Relations Major in Diplomacy Studies January 2018 i THESIS ADVISOR RECOMMENDATION LATER This thesis entitled “The Combination of Diaspora and Music to Enhance Indonesia’s Cultural Diplomacy (Case Study of House of Angklung Washington DC 2011 – 2014)” created and submitted by Wilma Sukarna Putri in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in International Relations from the Faculty of Humanities has been assessed and found to have satisfied the requirements for a thesis reliable to be presented. I therefore recommend this thesis for Oral Defense. Cikarang, 25 January 2018 Isyana Adriani, B.A, M.Si Thesis Advisor ii DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY I declare that this thesis, entitled “The Combination of Diaspora and Music to Enhance Indonesia’s Cultural Diplomacy (Case Study of House of Angklung Washington DC 2011 – 2014)” is to the best of my knowledge and belief, an original piece of work that has not been submitted, either in whole or in part, to another university to obtain a degree. Cikarang, 25 January 2018 Wilma Sukarna Putri iii PANEL OF EXAMINER APPROVAL SHEET The Panel of Examiners declare that the thesis entitled “The Combination of Diaspora and Music to Enhance Indonesia’s Cultural Diplomacy (Case Study of House of Angklung Washington DC 2011 – 2014)” that was submitted by Wilma Sukarna Putri majoring in International Relations from the Faculty of Humanity was assessed and approved to have passed the Oral Examinations on February 6th, 2018. Hendra Manurung, S.IP., MA Chair – Panel of Examiners Riski Muhammad Baskoro, S.Sos., MA Examiner Isyana Adriani, BA, M.Si Thesis Adviser iv ABSTRACT Thesis Title: The Combination of Diaspora and Music to Enhance Indonesia’s Cultural Diplomacy (Case Study of House of Angklung Washington DC 2011 – 2014) As an effort of maintaining its relations with another country, it is necessary for a country to build and maintain a positive image. The Republic of Indonesia, continuously gives effort on the conduct of public diplomacy, including using culture as an instrument. However, the reality shows that Indonesia is still facing challenges due to the limitation of the government’s capability to maximally conduct cultural diplomacy, like limited budget, lack of concrete regulations, and human resource. Indonesian government has to be aware to use all of its potential that can make the conduct of cultural diplomacy become greater and achieve a better outcome. In the past few years, diaspora has become a phenomenon for Indonesia, following the spread of Indonesian people abroad. The government have been fully recognized diaspora and started to conduct a unit to manage diaspora and empower it to support national interest, especially in the conduct of diplomacy. Music on the other side, lies in the core of every culture in this world. Music has the ability to transcend boundaries of places, time, people with different cultural backgrounds. Diaspora and music are both playing a crucial role in the country’s conduct of diplomacy. When combined, diaspora and music is believed to be able to enhance Indonesia’s cultural diplomacy. The combination of diaspora and music can provide a better outcome on the conduct cultural diplomacy even though it is based on the limited capability of the government. Keywords: Indonesia, cultural diplomacy, diaspora, music, combination v ABSTRAK Thesis Title: The Combination of Diaspora and Music to Enhance Indonesia’s Cultural Diplomacy (Case Study of House of Angklung Washington DC 2011 – 2014) Sebagai upaya dalam menjaga hubungan dengan negara lain, membangun dan memelihara citra positif perlu dilakukan oleh sebuah negara. Republik Indonesia, terus berupaya melakukan diplomasi publik, termasuk menggunakan budaya sebagai instrumen. Namun, kenyataan menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia masih menghadapi banyak tantangan karena keterbatasan kemampuan pemerintah untuk secara maksimal melakukan diplomasi budaya, seperti anggaran yang terbatas, kurangnya peraturan yang konkret, dan sumber daya manusia. Pemerintah Indonesia harus sadar untuk menggunakan semua potensinya yang dapat membuat pelaksanaan diplomasi budaya menjadi lebih baik dan mencapai hasil yang lebih baik. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, diaspora telah menjadi fenomena bagi Indonesia, sehubungan dengan penyebaran masyarakat Indonesia di luar negeri. Pemerintah telah sepenuhnya menganggap diaspora dan mulai membangun sebuah unit untuk mengelola diaspora dan memberdayakannya untuk mendukung kepentingan nasional, terutama dalam melakukan diplomasi. Musik di sisi lain, berada pada inti setiap budaya di dunia ini. Musik memiliki kemampuan untuk melampaui batasan tempat, waktu, manusia dengan latar belakang budaya yang berbeda. Diaspora dan musik sama-sama memainkan peran penting dalam diplomasi di negara ini. Bila digabungkan, diaspora dan musik dipercaya untuk dapat meningkatkan diplomasi budaya Indonesia. Kombinasi diaspora dan musik dapat memberikan hasil yang lebih baik dalam melakukan diplomasi budaya meskipun didasarkan pada keterbatasan dalam kemampuan pemerintah. Keywords: Indonesia, diplomasi budaya, diaspora, musik, kombinasi vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Bismillahirrahmanirrahim, In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Above all, I would like to express my greatest gratitude to the Almighty God, for never stop giving and granting everything even when I felt like I did not deserve it. This thesis is presented wholeheartedly, with all the drops of sweat and tears behind the process to: The sun in my life, my mother Hellena and the pillar of my soul, my late father Sukarna. Thank you for raising me as a person that can appreciate both the beauty and the struggle of life. Thank you for giving me the source of strength by simply existing, both in the world and in my heart. Your happiness is above everything in my life. I would also thank my Godmother, Henny, my Grandma, Lasnasari, and all my family for the never-ending support. My precious nephews that have given a new spark of spirit in my life, my baby boys Kaylash and Xavier. I would also thank Miss Isyana Adriani B. A, M.Si, as my thesis advisor, thank you for all the support and time you’ve spent to guide me in this thesis. A very huge thank also go to my examiner, Mr. Hendra Manurung, S.IP., MA, for the guidance and constructive input on my thesis, it is deeply appreciated. For the one that I will never thank enough, my number one mentor, who also act as one of the examiners on my thesis defense, Mr. Riski Muhammad Baskoro, S. Sos., MA, I am beyond grateful and honored to be guided by you on this important step of my life. Thank you for being very understanding, supportive, and patient to guide me in this journey. vii To my support system, the eyewitness of my university life that had laugh and cry together with me: Filda Amalia and Maria Angriani, the one that always support all the decisions that I made. Thank you for being very understanding and supportive, for letting me share not only the happiness but also the sorrow. We are as close as pulse, and I would like to keep it that way until the end of our lives. I cannot wait to have a more exciting journey with you two. I would also thank the +3 that make us all Team Hore, to Maulana Rizki, Jordanio Simorangkir, and Wismono Bagus, thank you for giving more colors on my university life, glad to have shared a lot of beautiful memories together. Nisa Nabila, Ananda Haciperi, Nisrina Khairani, Sekar Sugihartono, Haekal Umri, and Aden Imanullah. A proverb said that if we do not know, we do not love. It is not even a year yet since I started to get along with you all, but from that time I would like to thank you for being the people that I can always count on, for being very supportive and understanding. Thank you for making 2017, a very tough year for me, a little less rough by giving all the love and laughter. Rinjani Ummu Syina, Bella Kristiani, Jeliens Citra, Meilisa Audina, Dinda Sofira, Anthony Nicholas, Stephanie Korin, and everyone that have contributed on my university life, International Relations batch 2014, thank you for your presence that make my university life become of the best years of my life. Let’s climb the top together. To all the BPPK family in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, especially P3K Multilateral, Mr. Partogi Samosir and Mr. Widya P. Gultom for giving hands on the making of this thesis, to my supervisor Mrs. Septiane, thank you for all the good times and lesson during the time I spent on the office. To the people that have been willing to be interviewed for this thesis, Mr. Dino Patti Djalal, Mr. Azis Nurwahyudi (Director of Public Diplomacy Ministry of Foreign Affairs), Mr. Ismunandar (Education and Cultural Attache of Indonesian Embassy in viii Washington DC), and Mrs. Primadona Rifai and the rest of House of Angklung Washington DC team, thank you for not only helping me by your contributions but also believing on the idea that I propose. Last but not least, I believe that music exists in every aspect of human life, and we are all grow together with music. Music has the ability to transcend beyond boundaries of time, places, and even people from different cultural backgrounds. Hence, this thesis is written to prove that music is not only have the power and give contribution for a human being, but also for a state’s survival. Cheers, to those who believe in music. Cikarang, 25 January 2018 Wilma Sukarna Putri ix TABLE OF CONTENT THESIS ADVISOR RECOMMENDATION LATER ................................................ ii DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY ......................................................................