Cisco IOS XR Modular Quality of Service Configuration Guide for the Cisco XR 12000 Series Router, Release 4.3.x Americas Headquarters Cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 95134-1706 USA http://www.cisco.com Tel: 408 526-4000 800 553-NETS (6387) Fax: 408 527-0883 Text Part Number: OL-28392-02 © 2013 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CONTENTS Preface Preface xi Changes to this Document xi Obtaining Documentation and Submitting a Service Request xi CHAPTER 1 New and Changed QoS Features 1 New and Changed Information 1 CHAPTER 2 Modular QoS Overview 3 Information About Modular Quality of Service Overview 3 Benefits of Cisco IOS XR QoS Features 3 QoS Techniques 4 Packet Classification 4 Congestion Management 5 Congestion Avoidance 5 Differentiated Service Model for Cisco IOS XR Software 5 Additional Cisco IOS XR QoS Supported Features 6 Modular QoS Command-Line Interface 6 Fabric QoS 6 Where to Go Next 6 Additional References 6 Related Documents 7 Standards 7 MIBs 7 RFCs 7 Technical Assistance 8 CHAPTER 3 Configuring Modular QoS Congestion Avoidance 9 Cisco IOS XR Modular Quality of Service Configuration Guide for the Cisco XR 12000 Series Router, Release 4.3.x OL-28392-02 iii Contents Prerequisites for Configuring Modular QoS Congestion Avoidance 10 Information About Configuring Modular QoS Congestion Avoidance 10 Random Early Detection and TCP 10 Average Queue Size for WRED 10 WRED Support for IPv4 Multicast Egress QoS Traffic 11 Supported Platforms 12 Tail Drop and the FIFO Queue 12 Configuring Random Early Detection 12 Configuring Weighted Random Early Detection 14 Configuring Tail Drop 17 Configuring Multicast Egress QoS 20 Configuration Examples for Configuring Policy Maps 21 Enabling WRED for IPv4 Egress Multicast Traffic 21 Additional References 22 Related Documents 22 Standards 22 MIBs 22 RFCs 23 Technical Assistance 23 CHAPTER 4 Configuring Modular QoS Congestion Management 25 Prerequisites for Configuring QoS Congestion Management 26 Information About Configuring Congestion Management 27 Congestion Management Overview 27 Modified Deficit Round Robin 27 Low-Latency Queueing with Strict Priority Queueing 28 Qos-Group-Based Queuing 28 Traffic Shaping 29 Traffic Shaping for Frame Relay on Layer 2 VPN 29 Traffic Shaping for ATM on Layer 2 VPN 30 Regulation of Traffic with the Shaping Mechanism 30 Traffic Policing 31 Regulation of Traffic with the Policing Mechanism 31 Single-Rate Policer 31 Multiple Action Set 33 Cisco IOS XR Modular Quality of Service Configuration Guide for the Cisco XR 12000 Series Router, Release 4.3.x iv OL-28392-02 Contents Packet Marking Through the IP Precedence Value, IP DSCP Value, and the MPLS Experimental Value Setting 34 Traffic Policing for Frame Relay on L2VPN 34 Traffic Policing on Layer 2 ATM Interfaces 35 Policer Granularity and Shaper Granularity 35 How to Configure QoS Congestion Management 36 Configuring Guaranteed and Remaining Bandwidths 36 Configuring Low-Latency Queueing with Strict Priority Queueing 39 Configuring Traffic Shaping 41 Configuring Traffic Policing (Two-Rate Color-Blind) 43 Configuring Traffic Policing (2R3C) 47 Configuring Policer Granularity 49 Configuration Examples for Configuring Congestion Management 51 Traffic Shaping for an Input Interface: Example 51 Traffic Policing for a Bundled Interface: Example 51 Service Fragment Configurations: Example 52 Policer Granularity: Example 52 ATM QoS on Layer 2 VPN: Examples 53 Attaching a Service Policy to the Attachment Circuits (AC) 53 Configuring Policing Based on Service Type 53 Configuring Dual Queue Limit 55 Multiple Action Set: Examples 55 Conditional Policer Markings in the Ingress Direction: Example 55 Unconditional Quality-of-Service Markings in the Ingress Direction: Examples 55 Conditional Policer Markings in the Egress Direction: Example 56 Unconditional Quality-of-Service Markings in the Egress Direction: Example 56 Additional References 56 Related Documents 57 Standards 57 MIBs 57 RFCs 57 Technical Assistance 58 CHAPTER 5 Configuring Modular QoS Service Packet Classification 59 Prerequisites for Configuring Modular QoS Packet Classification 61 Cisco IOS XR Modular Quality of Service Configuration Guide for the Cisco XR 12000 Series Router, Release 4.3.x OL-28392-02 v Contents Information About Configuring Modular QoS Packet Classification 61 Packet Classification Overview 61 Traffic Class Elements 61 Traffic Policy Elements 62 Default Traffic Class 62 Shared Policy Instance 63 Policy Inheritance 63 Port Shape Policies 63 Class-based Unconditional Packet Marking Feature and Benefits 64 Specification of the CoS for a Packet with IP Precedence 65 IP Precedence Bits Used to Classify Packets 65 IP Precedence Value Settings 66 IP Precedence Compared to IP DSCP Marking 66 QoS Policy Propagation Using Border Gateway Protocol 67 QoS on the Satellite System 67 ACL Deny 68 Hierarchical Ingress Policing 68 Hierarchical Policing for Frame Relay on Layer 2 VPN 68 Hierarchical Policing for ATM on Layer 2 VPN 69 Enhanced Hierarchical Ingress Policing 69 Three-Level Hierarchical Policy Maps 69 Ingress Queuing Support 70 In-Place Policy Modification 71 Recommendations for Using In-Place Policy Modification 72 Dynamic Modification of Interface Bandwidth 72 Policy States 72 How to Configure Modular QoS Packet Classification 72 Creating a Traffic Class 72 Creating a Traffic Policy 75 Attaching a Traffic Policy to an Interface 77 Attaching a Shared Policy Instance to Multiple Subinterfaces 78 Attaching a Shared Policy Instance to Bundle Interfaces or EFP Bundles 79 Configuring Class-based Unconditional Packet Marking 80 Configuring QoS Policy Propagation Using Border Gateway Protocol 84 Policy Propagation Using BGP Configuration Task List 84 Cisco IOS XR Modular Quality of Service Configuration Guide for the Cisco XR 12000 Series Router, Release 4.3.x vi OL-28392-02 Contents Overview of Tasks 84 Defining the Route Policy 85 Applying the Route Policy to BGP 85 Configuring QPPB on the Desired Interfaces 86 QPPB Scenario 87 Configuring ACL Deny 87 Configuring Hierarchical Ingress Policing 88 Configuring Enhanced Hierarchical Ingress Policing 90 Configuring a Three-Level Hierarchical Policy 92 Matching the Frame Relay DE Bit 92 Matching the ATM CLP Bit 93 Configuration Examples for Configuring Modular QoS Packet Classification 94 Traffic Classes Defined: Example 94 Traffic Policy Created: Example 95 Traffic Policy Attached to an Interface: Example 95 EFP Load Balancing with Shared Policy Instance: Example 95 Configuring a Bundle Interface: Example 95 Configuring Two Bundle EFPs with the Load Balance Options: Example 95 Default Traffic Class Configuration: Example 96 class-map match-any Command Configuration: Example 96 Traffic Policy as a QoS Policy (Hierarchical Traffic Policies) Configuration: Examples 96 Two-Level Hierarchical Traffic Policy Configuration: Example 96 Three-Level Hierarchical Traffic Policy Configuration: Example 97 Class-based Unconditional Packet Marking: Examples 98 IP Precedence Marking Configuration: Example 98 IP Precedence Tunnel Marking Configuration: Example 98 IP DSCP Marking Configuration: Example 98 QoS Group Marking Configuration: Example 99 Discard Class Marking Configuration: Example 99 CoS Marking Configuration: Example 100 MPLS Experimental Bit Imposition Marking Configuration: Example 100 MPLS Experimental Topmost Marking Configuration: Example 100 QoS Policy Propagation using BGP: Examples 101 Applying Route Policy: Example 101 Applying QPPB on a Specific Interface: Example 101 Cisco IOS XR Modular Quality of Service Configuration Guide for the Cisco XR 12000 Series Router, Release 4.3.x OL-28392-02 vii Contents ACL Deny Configuration: Example 102 Hierarchical Ingress Policing: Example 102 Enhanced Hierarchical Ingress Policing: Example 103 In-Place Policy Modification: Example 103 Setting the Frame Relay Discard Eligibility Bit: Example 104 Matching the Frame Relay DE Bit: Example 104 Additional References 105 Related Documents 105 Standards 105 MIBs 105 RFCs 106 Technical Assistance 106 CHAPTER 6 Modular QoS Deployment Scenarios 107 ATM Layer 2 QoS 107 Matching 108 Marking 109 Policing 109 Hierarchical Policy Maps 110 Attaching a Service-Policy to an Attachment Circuit Configuration: Example 111 Policy Map Configuration for CBR/UBR: Example 111 Policy Map Configuration for VBR.1: Example 112 Policy Map Configuration for VBR.2 and VBR.3: Example 112 Policy Map Configuration to Exclude OAM Cells: Example 112 Policy Map Configuration for Dual Queue Limit: Example 113 Verifying ATM Layer 2 QoS Configuration: Examples 113 IP Header Compression QoS 114 IP Header Compression QoS: Example 114 QoS on Multicast VPN 115 QoS on Multicast VPN: Example 115 Unconditional Marking 115 Conditional Marking 115 VPLS and VPWS QoS 116 VPLS and VPWS QoS: Example 116 VPLS QoS: Example 117 Cisco IOS XR Modular Quality of Service Configuration Guide for the Cisco XR 12000 Series Router, Release 4.3.x viii OL-28392-02 Contents Related Information 117 CHAPTER 7 Configuring Fabric QoS Policies and Classes 119 Prerequisites for Configuring Fabric Quality of Service Policies and Classes 119 Information About Configuring Fabric Quality of Service Policies and Classes 120 Overview 120 Ingress Policy and Fabric QoS Policy Interaction 120 How to Configure Fabric Quality of Service Policies and Classes 120 Creating a Traffic Class 120 Creating a Fabric QoS Service Policy 121 Configuration Examples for Configuring Fabric Quality of Service Policies and Classes 123 Configuring Fabric Quality of Service