Beyond Linux® From Scratch Version 6.1 BLFS Development Team Beyond Linux® From Scratch: Version 6.1 by BLFS Development Team Published 2005-08-14 Copyright © 2001-2005 BLFS Development Team Abstract This book follows on from the Linux From Scratch book. It introduces and guides the reader through additions to the system including networking, graphical interfaces, sound support, and printer and scanner support. Copyright © 2001-2005, BLFS Development Team All rights reserved. Descriptive text is licensed under a Creative Commons License. Computer instructions are licensed under the Academic Free License v. 2.1. Linux® is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds. Beyond Linux From Scratch - Version 6.1 Dedication This book is dedicated to the LFS community i Beyond Linux From Scratch - Version 6.1 Table of Contents Preface .............................................................................................................................................................. xii Foreword .................................................................................................................................................... xii Who Would Want to Read this Book ........................................................................................................ xv Organization .............................................................................................................................................. xvi I. Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 18 1. Welcome to BLFS .................................................................................................................................. 19 Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................................ 19 Credits .................................................................................................................................................. 20 Which Sections of the Book Do I Want? ............................................................................................. 24 Conventions Used in this Book ........................................................................................................... 25 Book Version ....................................................................................................................................... 27 Mirror Sites .......................................................................................................................................... 28 Getting the Source Packages ................................................................................................................ 29 Change Log .......................................................................................................................................... 30 Mailing Lists ........................................................................................................................................ 40 News Server ......................................................................................................................................... 41 Asking for Help and the FAQ .............................................................................................................. 42 Contact Information ............................................................................................................................. 44 2. Important Information ............................................................................................................................ 45 Package Management .......................................................................................................................... 45 Notes on Building Software ................................................................................................................. 48 The /usr Versus /usr/local Debate ........................................................................................................ 50 Optional Patches .................................................................................................................................. 51 BLFS Boot Scripts ............................................................................................................................... 52 Going Beyond BLFS ........................................................................................................................... 53 II. Post LFS Configuration and Extra Software ............................................................................................... 55 3. After LFS Configuration Issues ............................................................................................................. 56 Creating a Custom Boot Device .......................................................................................................... 56 Configuring for Adding Users ............................................................................................................. 58 About System Users and Groups ......................................................................................................... 60 The Bash Shell Startup Files ................................................................................................................ 62 The /etc/vimrc and ~/.vimrc Files ........................................................................................................ 71 Customizing your Logon with /etc/issue ............................................................................................. 72 The /etc/shells File ............................................................................................................................... 73 Random Number Generation ............................................................................................................... 74 Compressing Man and Info Pages ....................................................................................................... 75 Automate Mounting of File Systems ................................................................................................... 85 Configuring for Network Filesystems ................................................................................................. 88 4. Security .................................................................................................................................................. 89 OpenSSL-0.9.7g ................................................................................................................................... 89 CrackLib-2.8.3 ..................................................................................................................................... 92 Linux-PAM-0.80 .................................................................................................................................. 95 Shadow-4.0.9 ....................................................................................................................................... 98 Iptables-1.3.3 ...................................................................................................................................... 104 ii Beyond Linux From Scratch - Version 6.1 Setting Up a Network Firewall .......................................................................................................... 106 GnuPG-1.4.1 ...................................................................................................................................... 115 Tripwire-portable-0.9 ......................................................................................................................... 117 Heimdal-0.7 ....................................................................................................................................... 120 MIT Krb5-1.4.1 .................................................................................................................................. 128 Cyrus SASL-2.1.21 ............................................................................................................................ 129 Stunnel-4.11 ....................................................................................................................................... 132 5. File Systems ......................................................................................................................................... 135 Ext3 .................................................................................................................................................... 135 ReiserFS-3.6.19 .................................................................................................................................. 136 XFS-2.6.25 ......................................................................................................................................... 138 6. Editors .................................................................................................................................................. 140 Vim-6.3 .............................................................................................................................................. 140 Emacs-21.4a ....................................................................................................................................... 142 Nano-1.2.5 .........................................................................................................................................