CIVIL RIGHTS & INEQUALITIES OCCASIONAL PUBLICATION #6 EDITORS: CATHERINE COLON ANTHONY GRISTWOOD MICHAEL WOOLF CAPA The Global Education Network --------- CAPA The Global Education Network is committed to academic excellence, integrity, and innovation in learning abroad. Our mission is to provide meaningful experiences that challenge and inspire students to analyze and explore complex political, cultural, and social landscapes within urban environments. Through our commitment to personalized learning, global connections via technology, and collaborative learning communities, we prepare students to live and work in a globally interdependent and diverse world. April 2017 There is no noise as powerful as the sound of marching feet of a determined people Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. The only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing Edmund Burke Words like freedom, justice, democracy are not common concepts; on the contrary, they are rare. People are not born knowing what these are. It takes enormous and, above all, individual effort to arrive at the respect for other people that these words imply James Baldwin Don’t accept the world as it is. Dream of what the world could be—and then help make it happen Peter Tatchell CAPA Occasional Publication Series --------- Senior Editor: Michael Woolf, Deputy President for Strategic Development Editors: Catherine Colon, Vice President, Corporate Administration, Development, and Assessment Anthony Gristwood, Faculty Chair and Principal Lecturer, London International Editorial Advisory Board: Kristin V. Dean, Director of Academic Technology and Globally Networked Leaning Darren Kelly, Director of Academic Affairs and Coordinator, Global Internship Program, Dublin Richard Maguire, Lecturer, CAPA London Julia Miller, Director of Academic Affairs, Sydney Monica Pagano, Director of Academic Affairs, Buenos Aires Michael Punter, Director of Theater Education, London Guido Reverdito, Director of Academic Affairs, Florence Colin Speakman, Director of Program and Student Services, Shanghai Floarea Vîrban, Lecturer, CAPA Florence Annagene Yucas, Vice President for Academic Affairs Acknowledgements --------- The editors wish to thank all those who contributed to these discussions in Atlanta, Denver, London, Florence, and Dublin in 2016. The intellect and passion displayed in those debates is represented in the written contri- butions collected in this volume. Thanks are also due to the International Editorial Advisory Board who reviewed the various contributions and offered informed and helpful advice and to Daniel Becker for his excellent tran- scription work. Special thanks are also due to the authors whose diverse intellects are displayed most eloquently in their essays. We owe a debt of gratitude as always to Lorena Leonard and Jaclyn Cimino for the care and creativity they show in the production of the Occasional Paper series. Of course, this work would not be possible without the sup- port of CAPA’s President, John Christian. TABLE OF CONTENTS --------- Contributors 08 Foreword 14 John J. Christian Introduction: A Complex and Contested Field 19 Catherine Colon, Anthony Gristwood and Michael Woolf THEN AND NOW: THE 1 CONTINUING STRUGGLE 1.1 Fools or Brothers: Childhood, Dreams, 29 and Memory Julius E. Coles 1.2 The Global Struggle for LGBT Rights 41 Peter Tatchell 1.3 Historically Black Colleges and 52 Universities: Transformative, Redemptive, and Liberating Anthony L. Pinder 1.4 Reading, Writing, and Racism: The 59 Fight to Integrate the Duval County School System 2 Abel A. Bartley PLURALISM AND IDENTITY 2.1 Disability Rights: On the Boards 75 of the Freak Show John Woolf 2.2 A Matter of Choice? The Rites 82 and Rights of Subcultures Richard Maguire 2.3 Africa in the American Mind: The 93 Invention of Space in Study Abroad Michael Woolf TABLE OF CONTENTS 2.4 Evolution of Identity Through Study 105 Abroad: Moroccan Influences and My Practice of Islam Carrie Campbell SOCIAL JUSTICE, POLITICS, 3 AND INEQUALITY 3.1 Shaping Global Futures: Urban Inequalities 113 and City as Battleground Anthony Gristwood 3.2 Citizenship, Democracy, and the Brexit Vote 123 Helene Guldberg 3.3 Disintegration: When the UK Voted to Leave 132 the European Union Michael Woolf 3.4 International Internships: A New Approach 141 for Economic Mobility Nora Larkin THE LIMITS OF FREEDOM 4.1 Seeking a Third Space: Resisting the 149 4 Dominant Narratives of Civil Rights in US Higher Education Giselda Beaudin 4.2 Civil Rights and Civil Liberties in the 157 Era of Police Militarization Thomas Nolan 4.3 Freedom of the Press as a Right of the 167 People to Know About the Acts of their Government: A Brief History Bernardo H. Motta TABLE OF CONTENTS TEACHING AND 5 PRACTICING RIGHTS 5.1 Social Change Wheel Analysis: Beyond 177 the Dichotomy of Charity or Justice Mike Klein 5.2 Sustained Rights Inquiry: Before, During, 189 and After Summer Internships Eric Hartman 5.3 Teaching Whiteness in American 199 Literature: To Preserve “Truth, Justice, and the American Way” John T. Reilly 5.4 Civil Rights in Uncivil Societies (Or, 208 A Plague of Gypsies, Being a Sentimental Journey Through the Historical Wonderlands of European Racism) William New 6 BIBLIOGRAPHY 220 Contributors --------- Abel A. Bartley is a Professor of History at Clemson University. After joining Clemson in 2002, he reshaped the African-American studies program, renaming it Pan-Afri- can studies; under his leadership, it is now a degree-granting program. He continues to direct the program while maintaining a full-time faculty position. Prior to joining Clemson, Abel lectured and taught at a number of institutions including Florida State University, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee Community College, and University of Akron. He is the author of eighteen articles dealing with African-American politics, his- tory, culture, and civil rights and has read professional papers at more than thirty-five conferences. He is the author of three books: Keeping the Faith: Race Politics and Social Development in Jacksonville, Florida, 1940-1970 (2000), Akron’s Black Heritage (2004), and In No Ways Tired: The NAACP’s Struggle to Integrate the Duval County Public School System (2015) which looks at the difficult and long process of integrating the Duval County Public School system; it won the 2015 Stetson Kennedy Prize for the best book on civil rights in Florida from the Florida Historical Society. Abel earned a BA in History and Political Science and an MA and PhD in History from Florida State University. Giselda Beaudin has been in the field of Education Abroad for more than nine years and currently serves as the Director of International Programs at Rollins College. She is a member of the NAFSA Trainer Corps and the CAPA Academic Advisory Board, has served on the NAFSA Consular Liaison Sub-committee, and has trained at NAFSA regional and national conferences. She has presented at multiple NAFSA regional and state conferences and at the Forum on Education Abroad. She has co-taught inter- session courses at Jacobs University in Germany, served as a faculty member for the Centre on Critical Thinking in Hungary, and publishes regularly in the field of international education. Giselda earned her BA in Comparative Literature from Brown University and her MA in English Literature and Creative Writing from Binghamton University. Carrie Campbell is an undergraduate student at Beloit College (class of 2017). Her focus on religious studies and anthropology allowed her to spend a semester abroad in Morocco which deepened her interest in the impact of religion and beliefs on everyday life. Carrie’s diverse family background provided her with a unique grounding from which to address social issues, as well as the motivation to put contemporary social concerns at the forefront of her education. Her presentation at Beloit College’s Inter- national Symposium, which focused on her identity and experience abroad, was the inspiration for her paper. 8 CONTRIBUTORS John J. Christian is President and CEO of CAPA The Global Education Network. His long history in the field of international education spans over 30 years. He is a recognized leader and trainer and has been an active contributing member of the industry through several professional organizations including NAFSA, the Association of International Educators, and the Forum on Education Abroad. John began his career as a Foreign Student Advisor for The State University of New York at Oswego, Office of International Education. Following this, he participated in a post-graduate program in Beijing, China where he was also the Resident Director of SUNY Oswego’s Beijing program. John holds an MA in Area Studies China from the School of Oriental and African Studies (University of London). At CAPA, John continues to support the field of international education and strives for new and innovative ways to enhance the student experience in academics, personal and professional development, and cultural exchange. Julius E. Coles was appointed the Interim Director of the Andrew Young Center for Global Leadership at Morehouse College in 2012 and was subsequently appointed as the Director in 2014. He has previously served as the Director of the Andrew Young Center for International Affairs and the Office of Global Education (2010-2012). Before returning to Morehouse, he was President of Africare (2002 to 2009). He has also served as the Director of Morehouse College’s Andrew Young Center for Internation- al Affairs (1997-2002) and as the Director of Howard University’s Ralph J. Bunche International Affairs Center (1994-1997). Most of Julius’ career of some twenty-eight years in the Foreign Service has been spent as a senior official with the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). While with USAID, Mr. Coles was Mis- sion Director in Swaziland and Senegal and served in Vietnam, Morocco, Liberia, Nepal, and Washington, DC. He received a BA from Morehouse College in 1964 and a Masters of Public Affairs from Princeton University’s Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs in 1966.