Cisco Video and TelePresence Architecture Design Guide March 30, 2012 Americas Headquarters Cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 95134-1706 USA http://www.cisco.com Tel: 408 526-4000 800 553-NETS (6387) Fax: 408 527-0883 Text Part Number: OL-27011-01 THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN THIS MANUAL ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. ALL STATEMENTS, INFORMATION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS IN THIS MANUAL ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. USERS MUST TAKE FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR APPLICATION OF ANY PRODUCTS. THE SOFTWARE LICENSE AND LIMITED WARRANTY FOR THE ACCOMPANYING PRODUCT ARE SET FORTH IN THE INFORMATION PACKET THAT SHIPPED WITH THE PRODUCT AND ARE INCORPORATED HEREIN BY THIS REFERENCE. IF YOU ARE UNABLE TO LOCATE THE SOFTWARE LICENSE OR LIMITED WARRANTY, CONTACT YOUR CISCO REPRESENTATIVE FOR A COPY. 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CONTENTS Preface vii Revision History vii Obtaining Documentation and Submitting a Service Request vii Conventions viii CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1-1 CHAPTER 2 Video Infrastructure Components 2-1 Cisco TelePresence and Unified Communications 2-1 Video Architecture 2-2 Endpoints 2-3 Video Services 2-4 Conferencing 2-4 Streaming and Recording 2-5 Video Network Services 2-6 Call Control 2-6 Gateways 2-7 Management 2-8 Cisco TelePresence Management Suite 2-8 Cisco TelePresence Manager 2-8 Cisco Prime Collaboration Manager 2-8 Network 2-9 CHAPTER 3 Basic Video Concepts 3-1 Common Terminology in IP Video Solutions 3-1 Video Frame 3-1 Compression in IP Video Solutions 3-1 Lossless 3-2 Lossy 3-2 Intra-Frame 3-2 Inter-Frame 3-2 Codecs in IP Video Solutions 3-3 Video Compression Formats 3-3 Compressed Video Frames 3-4 Cisco Video and TelePresence Architecture Design Guide OL-27011-01 iii Contents I-Frame 3-5 P-Frame 3-6 B-Frame 3-6 Resolution Format in IP Video Solutions 3-7 Evolution of Cisco IP Video Solutions 3-8 Video over ISDN 3-8 IP Video Telephony 3-9 Desktop Video Conferencing 3-10 Immersive Video Conferencing 3-11 Cloud-Hosted Video Solutions 3-12 Interoperability 3-12 Legacy Multipoint Control Units 3-13 Common Technologies Used in Cisco IP Video Solutions 3-14 Telepresence Interoperability Protocol (TIP) 3-14 ClearPath 3-15 Dynamic Bit Rate Adjustment 3-15 Long-Term Reference Picture 3-15 Video-Aware Forward Error Correction (FEC) 3-15 CHAPTER 4 Call Control Protocols and IPv6 in IP Video Solutions 4-1 Call Control Protocols in IP Video Solutions 4-1 SCCP 4-1 H.323 4-3 SIP 4-5 Call Control Protocol Selection in IP Video Solutions 4-6 IPv6 in IP Video Solutions 4-7 CHAPTER 5 Quality of Service and Call Admission Control 5-1 Quality of Service (QoS) 5-1 Trust Boundary 5-2 Packet Queuing 5-2 Call Admission Control 5-3 CHAPTER 6 Dial Plan 6-1 Dial Plan Dependencies 6-2 Number-Based Dial Plan Networks 6-2 URI-Based Dial Plan Networks 6-3 Call Resolution with Dial Plans 6-3 Cisco Video and TelePresence Architecture Design Guide iv OL-27011-01 Contents PSTN Access 6-3 Transformations 6-4 Dial Plan Manipulation 6-4 Classes of Restrictions 6-4 CHAPTER 7 Deployment Guidelines for Video Networks 7-1 Planning a Deployment Topology for Video 7-1 Intra-Campus 7-2 Intra-Enterprise 7-3 Inter-Enterprise (Business-to-Business) 7-4 Single-Site Call Processing 7-5 Multi-Site Call Processing 7-5 Hosted Call Processing (Video as a Service) 7-7 Guidelines for Choose a Call Processing Topology and Video Endpoints 7-8 Call Processing Model and Call Processing Agent Selection Guidelines 7-8 Endpoint Selection Guidelines 7-9 Design Considerations for Video Networks 7-9 Allocation of Video Resources 7-10 Centralized Video Resource Allocation 7-10 Distributed Video Resource Allocation 7-13 Creating a Video-Ready Network 7-14 Optimized Video Delivery 7-14 Quality of Service (QoS) 7-14 Content Sharing Technologies 7-15 Reliability 7-16 Security of Video Applications 7-16 Scalability and Performance 7-16 Integration with Standalone Video Networks 7-19 Integration with Standalone H.323 Video Networks 7-19 Integration with Standalone SIP Video Networks 7-20 CHAPTER 8 Collaborative Conferencing 8-1 Conference Type 8-2 Ad-hoc Conference 8-2 Scheduled Conference 8-2 Conferencing Infrastructure 8-2 Conference Multipoint Device 8-3 Transcoding and Switching 8-4 Cisco Video and TelePresence Architecture Design Guide OL-27011-01 v Contents Multipoint Deployment Guidelines 8-5 Centralized Deployment 8-5 Distributed Deployment 8-6 Multipoint Solution Selection 8-8 Multipoint Selection Based on Endpoints 8-8 Multipoint Selection Based on Features 8-9 Conference Resource Capacity Planning 8-9 CHAPTER 9 Security for Video Communications 9-1 Network Infrastructure Security 9-2 Separate Auxiliary VLAN 9-3 Device Security 9-3 Secure Management over HTTPS and SSH 9-3 Administrative Passwords 9-4 Device Access 9-4 Signaling and Media Encryption 9-4 Transport Layer Security (TLS) 9-4 Secure Real-Time Transport Protocol (SRTP) and Secure Real-Time Transport Control Protocol (SRTCP) 9-5 Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) Secure Real-Time Transport Protocol (SRTP) 9-5 Digital Certificates 9-5 Certificate Authority Proxy Function (CAPF) 9-6 The Certificate Trust List (CTL) 9-6 Configuration File Integrity and Encryption 9-7 Media Encryption Details 9-7 Integration with Firewalls and Access Control List Considerations 9-8 Firewall Traversal in the DMZ 9-10 I NDEX Cisco Video and TelePresence Architecture Design Guide vi OL-27011-01 Preface Revised: March 30, 2012, OL-27011-01 This document describes some of the concepts related to video communications, and it presents considerations and guidelines for designing a video-enabled network. This document should be used in conjunction with other documentation available at the following locations: • For Cisco Collaboration and Unified Communications System design documents: http://www.cisco.com/go/ucsrnd • For other Cisco design guides: http://www.cisco.com/go/designzone • For Cisco TelePresence and Video product documentation: http://www.cisco.com Revision History This document may be updated at any time without notice. You can obtain the latest version of this document online at: http://www.cisco.com/go/ucsrnd Visit this Cisco.com website periodically and check for documentation updates by comparing the revision date of your copy with the revision date of the online document. The following table lists the revision history for this document. Revision Date Document Part Number Comments March 30, 2012 OL-27011-01 Initial version of this document. Obtaining Documentation and Submitting a Service Request For information on obtaining documentation, submitting a service request, and gathering additional information, see the monthly What’s New in Cisco Product Documentation, which also lists all new and revised Cisco technical documentation, at: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/general/whatsnew/whatsnew.html Cisco Video and TelePresence Architecture Design Guide OL-27011-01 vii Preface Subscribe to the What’s New in Cisco Product Documentation as an RSS feed and set content to be delivered directly to your desktop using a reader application. The RSS feeds are a free service. Cisco currently supports RSS Version 2.0. Conventions This document uses the following conventions: Convention Indication bold font Commands and keywords and user-entered text appear in bold font. italic font Document titles, new or emphasized terms, and arguments for which you supply values are in italic font. 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