DOCUMENiRESUME , 1ED. 212. 874 CE 031 417 AUTHOR Legacy, Jim; And Others TITLE Nurspry Propagation'. gompetency Based Teaching, -Materials in Horticulture. INSTITUTION Illinois State Board of Education, Springfield. Dept. of Adult, Vocational and Technical E'd'ucation.;. Southern Illinois Univ., Carbondale, Dept. of Agricultural Education and Mechanization. PU B DATE [80]' NOTE 7804 For related &memento tee CE031'413 -421.- AVAIL4BLE FROMAgricultural Education ig- Mechanization Dept., ' s Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901 ($4.00). ED PRICE MF01/PC04 Plus Postage.- DESCRIPTORS *Agricultural Education; CheckLipt sUompetency Based Education; Horticulture; Job Skills; '1 *Landscaping; Learning Activities; *Nurseries - (Horticulture);J*Nursery Workers (Horticulture); Ornamental Horticulture; *Ornamental Horticulture Occupations; *Plant Propagation; Secondary Education; Tests; Units of Study; Visual Aids ABSTRACT This compet ency-based curriculum-unit on nursery propagation is one of.five developed for'classroom use in teaching' the landscape/nursery area of horticulture. The four sections are each divided into teaching content (in a-question-and-answerformat) and student skills that outline steps and factors forconsideration. Topici covered include planting the seed, transplanti4g the seed, - propagation by cutpags, and grafting. A list of references precedes 4 - a section contiini g visual aids, studentskill checklist, and studentactivities, such as field trips, handouts, discussion activities, worksheets, crossword puzzles, hands-on experiences, tests, and quizzes. Answer keys are provided. (YLB) 1 *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are thebest that can be-Made * from the original document. ********************i**************************************u******** e US. DIPARTMENT Of NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTEDBY CENTER (ERIC) /The;document has boon reproduced as method horn the person of organization onginaong it. - O Minor changes have been made io improve -ReyiePAA reproduction quality. Pants of view or opinions stated in this docu TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES meat do not nocerisaMy represent official NIE INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." portion or policy, . Nurseley ,PaeopagationO t . - al T * NO014.0.4.14 t'ompetencyJi(ased. .11 1;1..44. f...1 ^ Teaching Elaterla.ls '7:;1:1;r... 'a Tin At: L. '17.7 ;;EI: Horticulture . .r .4 4;4 .1)I. Ylogr -""*.- 2 4 Listed below are competency bastad curriculumunits, developed for classroom use .teaching horticulture. All units are indexed and include teaching cont references, student activities, a skill check list, and visual' LANDSCAPE /NURSERY , GREENHOUSE PRODUCTION & MANAGEMENT . Tree IdentiicatiOn Controlling the Greenhouse Environment Developing a Landscape Plan - , Greenhouse Soils,, Implementing the Landscape Plan Foliage Plants Maintaining the Landscape Propagation Nursery Propagation Salei , . Cut Flower Production 'TUR,: AND LAWN SERVICES Bedding Plants Identification of Turf Grasses 1 Soils and Fertilizers - VEGETABLE PRODUCTION Planting Turf Grasses Identification ofCool Season Vegetables" Insects and Diseases s. Identification of Warm Season . Veadtables FRUIT PRODUCTION , Vegetable Production (In progress) ', Insects, Diseases, and Weeds . ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Thi6.matertiat eau pupa /Led by: Jim Legacy, FAed Reneau, Thomas Stitt, Tetty.Sayko; Amy Swigatt,-Kathy Camino, Ca/tote Vaesch, ShaunFtanagan, and 42 IEE.4noi4 teacliets oi hont<ictLetcyte,/. in ccopeAcition wi:ththe 7. LinaL6-State BoaAd o3 Education, Department o4 AduZt Vocationat and Technica. Education, and the Pepaittment O4 AgAicuLtmai Education and 'Mechanization, Soathetn Telinoi4 Univey. 4 NURSERY PROPAGATION .# . CONTENTS 1 PLANTING THE SEED seed treatment, Clean thecontainer, chemicallollutants, container types, fillthe containers germination media, label seed flats and sow seed,factors affecting germination, 9 TRANSPLANTING THE SEED media types Stages at which totransplant, seedling parts; requirements, and uses, containers,methods used, watering levels, nutritive soil treatments,light and humidity physiological' requirethents, dralnage,hardening off, conditions of plants 18 ' -PROPAGATION BY CUTTINGS 1, . taking cuttings; Growth reguTitorS,hormones, soil-medias, leaf slips"he slipmethod, planting the stick method, hardwood cut- depths, leaf cuttings,herbaceous cuttings, softwood tings (deciduou*_andnarrow-leaved evergreen), cuttings, semi-hardwoodcuttings p, 27 GRAFTING of Advantages, types o root and stemstock, functions budwood, wrapping, xylem, phloem andcambium, collecting transpiration, plant andmaintain the graft 37 REFERENCES 38 (*STUDENT ACTLVITItS It" .1" , Nursery Propagation ve PLANTING THE *SEED TaChing content: 19 queitions; 12 student skills . ,Question / How do chemiCal pollutants hinderseed,germinatioh? k :--Holecules compete for enzyme bonding surfaces - Pollutaht molecules clog cellmembranes Fed wing diffusion - Pollutant molecules interfere*with mitotic cell division Que.-Won 2.What are the common chemical pollutants from-unclean containers? - Fungus from previousplantings --Soap residue / . Question .3 How can chemical pollution. from unclean containers be avoided? -. Cleawcontainersthoroughly'using brush and soap solution* -.Rinse'containers*several times with clean. water CLEAN CONTAINERS . Steps, v.:- Factors for Consideration / 13 1. Gather andprepare 1. Bucket or sink, soap solution; materials water, brush- . 4 2. Wash containers 2. Use brush vigorously 3. Rinte 3. Use clean water to thoroughly . remove any, soap residue 4. Drain-dry. 4. Towels may add residues nof wanted on containers - a , . ,, , 3 What arelhe three types(ofseed treatm sedto control diseases? , aisinfestation --Dfsinfection Seed, protection e. 'A 1 2 41. p y 4 major use of each type of treatment. Que4tion 5 What . , . Disinfestapts eliminate organisms present on te surface of the seeds . Dislpfectantseliminate or'ganisms within the)eed itself - Protectants*are materialsthat.are.applied to the/seed which " protect it from fungicides QUe4tion 6 What materials are used tocontrol diseases for each type of treatment? - - Disinfestationmaterialsiinclude calcium hgochlorite, Merthiolate, brdmide water, and mercuric chloride and. calciumihypothiorite - 'Disinfectionmaterials include.hot water, formaldehyde and 4 aerated steam, LF -lO, - Protectant materialsinclude certain zinc'and copper fungicides, copper oxide,(red.pr,Allow)./ Other fungicides in use-include .chlaronil-, thiram, ferbam, benoniyl, captan, and zinc tri- , . .. chlorophenate , . Que4.UDA 7 What are the types of seed treatment used stimulate seed germination? . -Mechanigal scarification 4.Chemical stimulants .- Soaking seeds inwater. r(giperellins) ) Acid scarification . - ,- .- Moist-chilling(stratification). - Ethyllne - Combinations of two 'ormore - Potassium nitrate pregerminition,*eatmehts- - Thiourea - = Timing the planting 1- Sodium hipochlorite .- Dry storage - Exposure to light /N . Q.cie.6.U.on 8 What are the requirements a seed germtn8tionshould meet? -FavorablefpH revel AdeqUateisupply of nutrients -- limited amounts - Firm soil - Porous - Uniform in texture - Sterile 1 Free of weeds, insects, and disease, organisms .\ . tion.9', What types of germinationMedia ,ire available? . - Soil -Vermiculite - - Sand -,41iffy Mix - Peet moss, - Pro-Mix - Sphagnum moss ... Mixtures . .- Perlite , V st a medium? specific usesof each as a Question 10 What are the mediums othermaterials' as growth Soil--can bemixed with . be sterilizedbefore use not used byitself; must mediup fo^cuttings. useful as aPropagation -Sandis most plants; used growing andpropagating of -Peatimoss--used for seeds, as anintegral part covering forgerminating medium; can be as a as aPropagation seed andpotting composts, used alone orwith sand lagerminating medium oris a be used as -,Spha§nii. moss-limey planits growing4mediumfor for cuttings;particle size Perlite - -as arooting medium from 2-8. mrit, i sideal horticultural grade seeding medium; -Vermiculite--used as is preferred growing medium' -used asgerminating and material for 1' '- Jiffy mix- sterilized typesavailable; -Pro - mix -- several seedlings -germination andgrowth of loamor sandyloam mixtures'of thenature of -Mixtures- -light and as agrowing medium germinating seeds .part soil, arepreferred for containing one Syntheticmixtures fOr pottedplants. volume, areused. Mixtures part-sand and onepart-peat, by by means -one widely emploYedfor propagation ./ k of peat andsand are a. of cuttings. planting? containers areavailable for 24e..stion 11 What kind of -Flats -Trays . -Peat pots, -Pahs -,Market papks -Other ' (' . ..- material shouldbe used? , . much potting A. Que4tion-12 the seed . thickness of 10' times the After packing,at least of thepotting container -Depends.on height rim within 172 to1/4" from top -Packed to I , be packed?\ shoyld\otyni material Queztion 13 How firm .. ..,dtk shrink downwardafter 4., thatmateriar-does, not ,' -Firm enough -watering . ,"/ should containedbe filled? Question 14 How 'full 1/4" from toprim ,-About 1/2 to ei /5-j ,4 " 1 1' Why is the level of the fill. important? . - 111 - 1/4"at' top alroks for water to 'settle ifithoutwashing' . away any media and possible seeds - More than1/2" from top rim may cause ashadow(less liglit) : on.seedling when it surfaces! .. , . FILL 'CONTAINERS Steps Factors forConsideration , .: Gather