Turai Gabriella Medieval Female Mysticism and Weber's Charismatic Authority The Case of Angela of Foligno Magatartástudományi és Kommunikációelméleti Intézet Témavezető: Prof. Dr. Dr. Máté-Tóth András A Magyar Tudományos Akadémia doktora ©Turai Gabriella Budapesti Corvinus Egyetem Társadalomtudományi Doktori Iskola Társadalmi Kommunikáció Alprogram Medieval Female Mysticism and Weber's Charismatic Authority The Case of Angela of Foligno Doktori értekezés Turai Gabriella Budapest 2019. TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................................. ix ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................................................................... xi SIGNIFICANCE AND TOPICALITY OF THIS DISSERTATION ................................................................... 1 1.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2. Angela of Foligno: The Most Important Franciscan Female Mystic ..................................................................... 8 1.2.1. Magistra Theologorum ..................................................................................................................................... 8 1.2.2. Angela in contemporary studies .................................................................................................................... 9 1.2.3. Angela of Foligno in the mirror of Evelyn Underhill .............................................................................. 9 1.3. Franciscans and the Women’s Movements ................................................................................................................. 11 1.3.1. A brief sketch of the Franciscan Order (Ordo Fratrum Minorum, or O.F.M) ................................. 11 1.3.2. The Penitential Movement ............................................................................................................................ 13 1.3.3. The Women’s Movement and Franciscan Women of the Time .......................................................... 13 1.4. Angela’s Canonization ..................................................................................................................................................... 15 1.4.1. The Genio Femminile ..................................................................................................................................... 15 1.4.2. The Canonization of Saint Angela of Foligno ......................................................................................... 15 1.4.3. The only discourse that exists is the discourse presented in current social discourse ................... 17 1.5. Feminist Interest of the Female Mysticism ................................................................................................................. 17 1.5.1. Evelyn Underhill .............................................................................................................................................. 18 1.5.2. Elizabeth Petroff .............................................................................................................................................. 20 1.5.3. Grace Jantzen .................................................................................................................................................... 21 1.5.4. Caroline Bynum-Walker ................................................................................................................................ 22 1.5.5. Amy Hollywood ............................................................................................................................................... 23 1.6. The charismatic authority approach ............................................................................................................................. 25 1.6.1. A multidisciplinary interest: The social dimension of mysticism ....................................................... 25 1.6.2. The legacy and future of mysticism ............................................................................................................ 27 1.6.3. Weberian approach: The charismatic authority in progress ................................................................. 27 1.6.4. Conclusion and outlook ................................................................................................................................. 30 THE LIFE AND CONTEXT OF ANGELA ...................................................................................................... 32 2.1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................................... 32 2.2. Life of Angela of Foligno (1248-1309)......................................................................................................................... 33 2.2.1. Biographical profile ........................................................................................................................................ 33 v 2.2.2. Women in the Middle Ages .......................................................................................................................... 37 2.2.3. Angela as a unique case ................................................................................................................................. 38 2.2.4. Body-soul interconnection in Angela's Liber ........................................................................................... 38 2.3. Context .................................................................................................................................................................................. 39 2.3.1. Foligno: The local, historical and religious context of Angela's life ................................................. 39 2.3.2. Myticism is a public discourse in the Middle Ages ................................................................................ 40 2.3.3. A new turn in mysticism ................................................................................................................................ 41 2.3.4. Characterizing the 13th century ................................................................................................................... 42 2.4. Conclusion and outlook .................................................................................................................................................... 44 CHARISMA BETWEEN INSTITUTION AND EXCITEMENT ..................................................................... 45 3.1. General introduction ......................................................................................................................................................... 45 3.1.1. Overview ............................................................................................................................................................ 45 3.1.2. The predecessors: Rudolph Sohm and Karl Holl impacts on the evolution of the Weberian charisma .......................................................................................................................................................... 46 3.1.3. The very original source of Weber's charisma ......................................................................................... 47 3.1.4. How to approach the diversity of the Weberian charisma? .................................................................. 48 3.1.5. The function of charismatic authority based on Martin Riesebrodt's notion ................................... 48 3.1.6. Charismatic authority and the question of legitimacy in Weber's work ............................................ 49 3.1.7. Stephen Turner’s notion of charisma ......................................................................................................... 50 3.1.8. Systematizational process of charisma based on Adair-Toteff ............................................................ 50 3.1.9. Specific introduction to the individual investigation.............................................................................. 51 3.1.10. Sample and methods ..................................................................................................................................... 51 3.1.11. Preview of the variety of charisma ........................................................................................................... 52 3.1.12. Transition ......................................................................................................................................................... 52 3.2. Dimension of high intensity vs. kenotic character .................................................................................................... 53 3.2.1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................... 53 3.2.2. High intensity.................................................................................................................................................... 54 3.2.3. Kenotic character ............................................................................................................................................