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Available to the public from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161 DOE/NBM-1098 September 1996 Summaries of FY 1996 Research in the Chemical Sciences U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Research Division of Chemical Sciences Contents PREFACE vii Sandia National Laboratories, California 35 DIVISION OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES viii Advanced Battery Research PROGRAM SUMMARIES ix Ames Laboratory 36 LABORATORY ADMINISTRATION xiii Argonne National Laboratory 36 Brookhaven National Laboratory 37 NATIONAL LABORATORIES Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 38 Photochemical and Radiation Sciences Los Alamos National Laboratory 39 Ames Laboratory 1 National Renewable Energy Laboratory 40 Argonne National Laboratory 1 Oak Ridge National Laboratory 40 Brookhaven National Laboratory 3 Sandia National Laboratories, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 4 New Mexico 40 National Renewable Energy Laboratory 4 OFFSITE INSTITUTIONS Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory 5 Photochemical and Radiation Sciences Chemical Physics University of Akron 41 Ames Laboratory 7 University of Alabama 41 Argonne National Laboratory 8 Arizona State University 41 Brookhaven National Laboratory 9 Boston University 42 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 9 Brandeis University 42 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 10 California Institute of Technology 42 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 11 University of California, Berkeley 43 Sandia National Laboratories, California 11 University of California, San Diego 43 Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics University of Chicago 43 Argonne National Laboratory 13 Colorado State University 44 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 14 University of Colorado 44 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 15 Columbia University 45 Oak Ridge National Laboratory 15 Dartmouth College 46 Chemical Energy Georgia Institute of Technology 46 Ames Laboratory 16 University of Houston 46 Argonne National Laboratory 18 Johns Hopkins University 47 Brookhaven National Laboratory 19 Marquette University 47 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 19 University of Massachusetts-Boston 47 University of California 19 University of Minnesota 47 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 21 National Institute of Standards and Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory 21 Gaithersburg 48 National Renewable Energy Laboratory 22 University of New Orleans 48 Oak Ridge National Laboratory 22 North Carolina State University 48 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 24 University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 49 Separations and Analysis Northwestern University 49 Ames Laboratory 24 Ohio State University 50 Argonne National Laboratory 25 University of Oregon 50 Brookhaven National Laboratory 26 Pennsylvania State University, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory 26 University Park 50 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 27 University of Pennsylvania 51 Oak Ridge National Laboratory 27 University of Pittsburgh 51 Pacific Northwest: National Laboratory 30 Portland State University 51 Heavy Element Chemistry University of Rochester 52 Argonne National Laboratory 31 Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 52 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 31 Stanford University 53 Los Alamos National Laboratory 32 University of Tennessee at Knoxville 53 Oak Ridge National Laboratory 33 University of Texas at Arlington 53 Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory 33 University of Texas at Austin 54 Chemical Engineering Sciences Tulane University 54 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 34 Washington State University 55 Los Alamos National Laboratory 34 University of Washington 55 National Institute for Petroleum and Energy Wayne State University 56 Research 35 Wichita State University 56 Research in Chemical Sciences iii CONTENTS Chemical Physics University of Nevada at Reno 79 University of Akron 56 University of New Mexico 79 Arizona State University 56 City College of New York 79 University of Arizona 57 University of Notre Dame 80 University of California, Los Angeles 58 Pennsylvania State University, University of California, Santa Barbara 58 Lehman 80 Catholic University of America 58 University of Southern California 80 University of Chicago 59 University of Tennessee at Knoxville 81 University of Colorado 59 University of Texas at Austin 81 Columbia University 60 University of Toledo 81 Cornell University 61 Tulane University 82 Emory University 62 Vanderbilt University 82 Florida State University 62 University of Virginia 82 University of Georgia 62 Western Michigan University 83 Harvard University 63 The College of William and Mary 83 University of Illinois at Chicago 63 Chemical Energy University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 64 University of Arizona 84 Johns Hopkins University 64 Boston College 84 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 64 California Institute of Technology 84 University of Massachusetts at Amherst 65 University of California, Davis 85 University of Michigan 65 University of California, Irvine 85 University of Minnesota 65 University of California, Riverside 85 National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of California, Santa Barbara 86 Gaithersburg 66 Carnegie-Mellon University 86 University of New Orleans 67 Colorado State University 87 New York University 67 University of Colorado 87 University of North Carolina at Columbia University 87 Chapel Hill 67 University of Connecticut 88 North Dakota State University 67 University of Delaware 88 University of Oregon 68 University of Florida 88 Pennsylvania State University, Harvard University 89 University Park 68 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 89 University of Pennsylvania 69 Indiana University 89 University of Pittsburgh 69 University of Iowa 90 Princeton University 69 Kansas State University 90 Purdue University 70 Lehigh University 91 Rice University 71 Louisiana State University 91 University of Rochester 71 University of Louisville 92 University of Southern California 71 University of Maryland at College Park 92 Stanford University 72 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 92 State University of New York at Stony Brook 72 University of Massachusetts at Amherst 93 University of Utah 73 University of Memphis 93 University of Virginia 73 University of Michigan 94 University of Washington 73 University of Minnesota 94 University of Wisconsin at Madison 74 University of Missouri at Columbia 94 Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 95 California Institute of Technology 74 Northwestern University 95 California State University, Fullerton 75 University of Oklahoma 96 Clark Atlanta University 75 Pennsylvania State University, Colorado State University 75 University Park 97 University of Colorado 75 University of Pennsylvania 98 University of Connecticut 76 University of Pittsburgh 99 Cornell University 76 Purdue University 99 Harvard University 76 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 100 Kansas State University 76 University of Rochester 100 University of Kansas 77 Rutgers, The State University of University of Kentucky 77 New Jersey 101 University of Louisville 78 University of South Carolina 102 Michigan Technological University 78 University of Southern California 102 University of Michigan 78 Stanford University 103 University of Nebraska at Lincoln 78 State University of New York at Binghamton 103 iV Research in Chemical Sciences CONTENTS State University of New York at Buffalo 104 Colorado State University 128 Texas A & M University 104 Cornell University 128 University of Texas at Austin 105 University of Delaware 129 Tulane University 105 University of Illinois at Chicago 129 University of Utah 106 Johns Hopkins University 129 Virginia Polytechnic Institute and University of Maryland at College Park 130 State University 106 University of Massachusetts at Amherst 130 University of Virginia 107 North Carolina State University 130 University of Washington 108 University of Pennsylvania 130 University of Wisconsin at Madison 108 Princeton University 131 University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee 109 Stanford University 131 Yale University 110 State University of New York at Buffalo 131 Separations and Analysis State University of New York at University of Alabama 111 Stony Brook 132 University of Arizona 111 University of Tennessee at Knoxville 132 Auburn University 112 Yale University 132 Brigham Young University 112 Advanced Battery Research Brown University 112 Arizona State University 132 University of California, Santa Barbara 113 California Institute of Technology 133 Carnegie Institute of Washington 113 Case Western Reserve University 133 University of Chicago 113 Clark University 133 Colorado School of Mines 114 Colorado State University 133 Colorado State University 114 University of Minnesota 134 University of Delaware 114 Moltech Corporation 134 Duke University 115 University of Nevada at Las Vegas 135 University of Florida 115 City University of New York (CUNY), The George Washington University 116 Hunter College 135 Hampton University 116 North Carolina State University 135 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 116 Pennsylvania State University, Kansas State University 116 University Park 136 Lehigh University 117 Rutgers, The State University of Louisiana State University 117 New Jersey 136 Michigan State University 117 University of South