Guideline for Seafloor Mapping in German Marine Waters Using High-Resolution Sonars Guideline for Seafloor Mapping in German Marine Waters Using High-Resolution Sonars Version 1.0 30.04.2016 This guideline has been developed by the following people: Dr. Claudia Propp2 (Coordination) Dr. Svenja Papenmeier1 Dr. Alexander Bartholomä5 Dr. Peter Richter 3 Dr. Christian Hass1 Dr. Klaus Schwarzer 3 Dr. Peter Holler 5 Dr. Franz Tauber 4 Maria Lambers-Huesmann 2 Dr. Manfred Zeiler 2 1 Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Wadden Sea Station Sylt (AWI) 2 Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH) 3 Christian Albrecht University of Kiel, Institute of Geosciences (CAU) 4 Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Department of Marine Geology (IOW) 5 Senckenberg am Meer, Wilhelmshaven © Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH) Hamburg and Rostock 2016 www.bsh.de BSH No. 7201 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or processed, copied, or distributed using electronic systems without the written permission of the BSH. This document should be cited as follows: BSH, 2016: Guideline for Seafloor Mapping in German Marine Waters Using High-Resolution Sonars. BSH No. 7201, 147 p. Translated by ConTec Fachübersetzungen GmbH and reviewed by Dr. Claudia Propp Cover photos by courtesy of: Dr. Svenja Papenmeier – AWI Dr. Franz Tauber – IOW Notice 3 Notice This guideline was created under consideration of contributions from the following people: Roland Atzler 10 Dr. Jürgen Knaack 8 Dr. Jan Witt 8 Cordula Berkenbrink 9 Kerstin Kolbe 8 Frank Wolf 5 Tim Bildstein11 Francesco Mascioli 9 Dr.-Ing. Andreas Wurpts 9 Dieter Boedecker 2 Wiebke Mildes 8 Christine Borgmöller 1 Dr. Roland Pesch 11 Michael Grotjahn 8 Dr. Christian Reimers 6 Dr. Wilfried Heiber 8 Dr. Klaus Ricklefs 3 Kathrin Heinicke 2 Dr. Alexander Schröder 8 Dr. Rolf Karez 6 Dr. Daniel Unverricht 4 1 German Federal Institute of Hydrology 2 German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Isle of Vilm branch office 3 Christian Albrecht University of Kiel, Research and Technology Centre West Coast 4 Geo Ingenieurservice Nord-Ost GmbH & Co. KG 5 Institute of Applied Ecology (IfAÖ) GmbH 6 Ministry for Agriculture, the Environment and Rural Areas of the State of Schleswig-Holstein 7 Schleswig-Holstein Agency for Coastal Defence, National Park and Marine Conservation 8 Lower Saxony State Office for Water Economy, Coastal and Environmental Protection, Brake-Oldenburg 9 Lower Saxony State Office for Water Economy, Coastal and Environmental Protection, Norderney Re- search Centre 10 Nautik Nord GmbH 11 BioConsult Schuchardt & Scholle GbR 4 Table of Contents Part A – Instructions Notice ....................................................................................................................................................... 3 List of figures ........................................................................................................................................... 6 List of tables............................................................................................................................................. 6 Part A – Instructions ................................................................................................................................ 7 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 7 2 Purpose .......................................................................................................................................... 9 3 Updates .......................................................................................................................................... 9 4 Data acquisition ............................................................................................................................. 10 4.1 The various mapping modes .......................................................................................................... 10 4.2 Survey methods and equipment .................................................................................................... 12 4.3 Documentation of the work at sea ................................................................................................. 17 5 Processing of backscatter data ................................................................................................... 18 6 Data interpretation ........................................................................................................................ 19 6.1 Preliminary remarks and definitions ............................................................................................... 19 6.2 Data basis for the interpretation ..................................................................................................... 19 6.3 Basic specifications ....................................................................................................................... 20 6.4 Sediment types .............................................................................................................................. 20 6.5 Special cases ................................................................................................................................. 23 6.6 Types of stone and boulder fields .................................................................................................. 24 6.7 Seabed features ............................................................................................................................. 24 6.8 Bedrock .......................................................................................................................................... 24 6.9 Other .............................................................................................................................................. 25 7 Work flow ....................................................................................................................................... 25 8 Products ......................................................................................................................................... 26 9 Bibliography ................................................................................................................................... 27 10 Standards and guidelines ............................................................................................................. 29 11 Abbreviations and acronyms ........................................................................................................ 30 Table of Contents 5 Appendix 1 ............................................................................................................................................... 31 Appendix 2 ............................................................................................................................................... 32 Appendix 3 ............................................................................................................................................... 33 Appendix 4 ............................................................................................................................................... 34 Appendix 5 ............................................................................................................................................... 35 Appendix 6 ............................................................................................................................................... 36 Part B – Hydroacoustic Catalogue for the German Marine Waters 1 Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................... 37 2 Sediment types .............................................................................................................................. 40 3 Bedrock .......................................................................................................................................... 80 4 Seabed features – Dynamic sediment structures ...................................................................... 82 5 Biogenic structures ....................................................................................................................... 96 6 Anthropogenic structures ............................................................................................................. 106 7 Artefacts in the water column ...................................................................................................... 128 8 Interference due to equipment and recording techniques ........................................................ 136 6 List of figures, List of tables List of figures Figure 1: Distribution of the areas for surface sediment mapping with 100 % spatial coverage in the German North Sea ................................................................................................. 10 Figure 2: Distribution of the areas for surface sediment mapping with 100 % spatial coverage in the German Baltic Sea ................................................................................................. 11 Figure 3: Diagram of the 100 % spatial coverage with side scan sonar. The outer edges of the swaths overlap by 10 % ................................................................................................... 11 Figure 4: Diagram of a minimum of 50 %