PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI GRETA WEGENER’S CONTRIBUTION TO LILI ELBE’S TRANSITION IN DAVID EBERSHOFF’S THE DANISH GIRL AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By Anoxia Festyarini Arumsari Student Number 144214037 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2018 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI GRETA WEGENER’S CONTRIBUTION TO LILI ELBE’S TRANSITION IN DAVID EBERSHOFF’S THE DANISH GIRL AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By Anoxia Festyarini Arumsari Student Number 144214037 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2018 ii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI IT ALWAYS SEEMS IMPOSSIBLE UNTIL IT’S DONE – NELSON MANDELLA EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY IS FREEDOM, BUT EQUALITY OF OUTCOME IS REPRESSION – DICK FEAGLER vii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI For those who believe in humanity and equal rights viii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Throughout the completion process of my thesis, I could not thank enough my advisor, Elisabeth Arti Wulandari Ph.D. for the wonderful guidance and advices. I would also like to thank my co-advisor Dr. Gabriel Fajar Sasmita Aji, M. Hum for the valuable critics and suggestions. I believe, my study could not be completed without the endless support from my family as well. I am grateful to have all the genuine prayers that enabled me to finally finish my study. I also would like to give my deepest gratitude to the people who made me believe more in friendship and its power whose names I could not mention altogether ;Clara, Vincent, Ayu, Dinda, and other 13 great members of Kelas B Kenyil. Your presence and kind gestures made my college life totally memorable. I am going to miss all of you once we are apart. I would also thank Christo for the encouragements, lovely wishes, and silly puns. The boredom would be unbearable without you. I would like to thank my EDS Sanata Dharma family for the unconditional love, wise words, and unforgettable college experiences. I cannot imagine college without sharing laughter, sadness and joy, with Kak Tjia, Kak Tyas, Kak Kezia, Moore, Rea, Rara, Grace and the juniors. I could say joining the EDS might be the best decision I had made during the four years of my study. For that, I genuinely wish you all nothing but the best. Anoxia Festyarini A ix PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ................................................................................................. ii APPROVAL PAGE ....................................................................................... iii ACCEPTANCE PAGE .................................................................................. iv STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY .............................................................. v LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH ........................................................................................................... vi MOTTO PAGE .............................................................................................. vii DEDICATION PAGE .................................................................................... viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................... ix TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................ x ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... xii ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................ xiii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION .................................................................. 1 A. Background of the Study .................................................................... 1 B. Problem Formulations ......................................................................... 4 C. Objectives of the Study ....................................................................... 4 D. Definition of Terms ............................................................................. 5 CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE .............................................. 7 A. Review of Related Studies .................................................................. 7 B. Review of Related Theories ... ………………………………………. 11 1. Theory on Character and Characterization .......... ………………. 11 a. Character ............................................................................... 11 b. Characterization .................................................................... 12 2. Theory of Moral Development ..................................................... 15 3. Theory of Love ............................................................................ 16 a. Brotherly Love ...................................................................... 17 b. Motherly Love ...................................................................... 17 c. Erotic Love ........................................................................... 19 d. Self-Love .............................................................................. 20 e. Love of God .......................................................................... 21 4. Altruism Motive ........................................................................... 21 5. The Theory of Transsexualism …………………………........... 23 x PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI C. Theoretical Framework ....................................................................... 26 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY .............................................................. 27 A. Object of the Study ............................................................................. 27 B. Approach of the Study ........................................................................ 29 C. Method of the Study ............................................................................ 30 CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS ........................................................................... 32 A. Lili Without Grea ................................................................................ 35 1. Lili does not Have Courage and Flexibility to be Her True Self . 36 a. Lili’s Past………….……………………………………..... 40 b. Lili’s Characteristics………………………………………. 40 i. Self-Conscious………………………………………... 40 ii. Immature and Dependent……………………….......... 44 2. Lili Sees her True Identity as only a Role Play ……………….. 46 B. Greta’s Contribution in Lili’s Transition........................................... 49 1. Greta Encourages Lili to Explore her Desire.............................. 49 2. Greta Treats Lili like a Woman................................................... 55 3. Greta Totally Supports Lili......................................................... 58 C. Reasons Behind Greta’s Contribution to Lili’s Transition................ 62 1. Greta’s Personality……………………………………………... 68 a. Loyal..……………………………………………………... 68 b. Understanding……………………………………………... 69 c. Patient……………………………………………………... 71 2. Greta’s Love towards Lili........................................................... 72 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION ...................................................................... 79 REFERENCES ................................................................................................ 82 APPENDIX ....................................................................................................... 84 xi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRACT ARUMSARI, ANOXIA FESTYARINI. (2018). Greta Wegener’s Contribution to Lili Elbe’s Transition in David Ebershoff’s The Danish Girl. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Sanata Dharma. Nowadays, a topic about transsexualism is more openly discussed in public. Taking a form of literary work, the discourse about transsexuality can be seen in David Ebershoff’s The Danish Girl. The Danish Girl recites Lili Elbe’s story by telling her struggle in transitioning into woman. Lili Elbe who was then Einar Wegener by name, was married to Greta Wegener for ten years before deciding to have the transition. The existence of Greta Wegener is actually the key of Lili’s transition process for Lili is only able to alter her gender after she is married to Greta. Although putting her marriage at stake, Greta always gives endless support and help so that the process can be successful. With that being said, Greta gives such huge contributions toward Lili’s transition process. Her journey then becomes very much captivating to be analyzed for her inspirational role as Lili’s supporting system. There are three research questions formulated in this study. There are (1) “How is Lili without Greta related to her transition?”, (2) “In what ways does Greta contribute to Lili’s transition?”, and (3) “What makes Greta contribute to Lili’s transition?” The study mainly aims to explain Greta’s contributions in Lili’s transition process. To attain those objects, library research is used to collect the secondary and primary data from books and websites. Afterwards, the researcher conducts a thorough reading to gather the data then applies theory of character and characterization,