Undergraduate Review Volume 4 Article 1 2008 Undergraduate Review, Vol. 4, 2007/2008 Follow this and additional works at: http://vc.bridgew.edu/undergrad_rev Recommended Citation Bridgewater State College. (2008). Undergraduate Review, 4. Available at: http://vc.bridgew.edu/undergrad_rev/vol4/iss1/1 This item is available as part of Virtual Commons, the open-access institutional repository of Bridgewater State University, Bridgewater, Massachusetts. Copyright © 2008 VOLUME IV 2007 - 2008 BRIDGEWATER COLLEGE STATE BRIDGEWATER STATE COLLEGE The Undergraduate Review Undergraduate The The Undergraduate Review A JOURNAL OF UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH AND CREATIVE WORK AND CREATIVE WORK A JOURNAL OF UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH Rekowski, Vezina, Le, Parece, Riva, Bragg, Hallenbrooke, Williams, Gulinello, Dwinnells, BRIDGEWATER STATE COLLEGE | 2008 Frangipane, Lawrence, Byam, Santos, Perry, Fitch, Carriker, Murphy, Holland, Fountain, Shimp, Chase, McDonald, Sousa, Bianchini, Awasung, Woofenden, Rochon, Lowell, VOLUME IV 2007-2008 Martinho, Farrell, Yang, Cabral, Green Book layout by Medium Studio i 1 Letter from the Editor If we knew what it was we were doing, it would not be called research, would it? Albert Einstein ’d like to apply this particular theory of Einstein as a pseudo-mission statement for The UR. Because, let’s face it: the students featured in the journal weren’t born writing this way. And, I wasn’t born publishing an undergraduate research journal. Since 2003, we have learned about research together: the students through numerous drafts, charts, beakers, Iabandoned theories, and frustrating formulas; the journal, oddly enough, the same way, minus the beakers. We learned that research begins with a really good question. For the students, the questions are different. For the journal, the question remains the same: what is undergraduate research? Our answer can be found in the pages of The UR itself: it’s the construction of a soda-fire kiln, the writing of a play, the design of handheld devices that aid the disabled, research on chronicling the geology of the Black tail Mountains region, formulas to explain gravitational lensing, and so on. The journal has become an artifact of undergraduate research: a resource in building confidence among student researchers and securing a future for the program they’ve built. As always, the staff of The Undergraduate Review would like to thank the Adrian Tinsley Program (ATP) for funding the journal; The Office of the President, the Bridgewater Foundation; faculty advisors, Drs. Laura McAlinden and Peter Saccocia, The Office of Undergraduate Research, and the faculty readers. Most of all, thank you to the dedicated BSC students and mentors for their time, effort and hard work on display here. Their work is the finest testament to the worth of not always knowing what you are doing. It is my pleasure to present to you Volume IV of The Undergraduate Review. Stacy M Nistendirk Managing Editor BRIDGEWATER STATE COLLEGE i 2 Table of Contents ATP GRANTS Horace Mann’s Vision in Action: Bridgewater Normal 3 School’s Female Teachers Casey Rekowski The Design and Testing of Hand Held Devices to Assist Persons with 9 Disabilities to Navigate Bus Services Daniel Fitch Grandparents who Care for their Grandchildren 13 Alzira Murphy Political Violence, Child Soldiers, and Neo-Liberal Globalization: 17 The Cases of Indonesia and Columbia Curtis Holland Life Before Legal Status: The Experiences of 25 Undocumented Immigrants LaToya Staine Carriker It’s All in the Words: Determining the Relationship between Newspaper 33 Portrayal of Rape Victims and Reader Responses Amanda Fountain The Chivalry Hypothesis & Filicide: Are There Categorical 41 Differences between Mothers & Fathers who kill their Children? Meghan Chase Interactions of cis-bis Ruthenium Complexes with Monosaccharides 51 Lindsay McDonald Kinematic Analysis of Mylonitic Rocks, Southern Ruby Mountains, 57 SW Montana: Evidence for Proterozoic Orogenic Crustal Thickening and Topographic Collapse Jessica Sousa Synthesizing and Characterizing Sr2FeMoO6 Bulk and Thin Films 65 Louis Bianchini Synthesis of Phenoxides with Pendant Amines and Catalytic 71 Intramolecular Hydroaminations Kenneth Awasung Listen to this: The Effects of Judicious Listening in the Play, 79 A Mourning Recap Colleen Farrell Superconducting Phases in Bulk and Thin Film LA2CuO4 85 Brandon Green THE UNDERGRADUATE REVIEW i 3 NC UR: National ConFerence OF Undergraduate Research Religious Heresy and Radical Republicanism in John Milton’s, 95 Paradise Lost Lisa Riva Progression and Cycles: Historical and Societal Change in James 101 Fenimore Cooper’s, The Pioneer Jessica Martinho CourseworK The Sovereignty of the Individual: Thoreau’s Call for Reformation 109 in Walden Bradford Vezina Rasselas: A Realist’s Narrative on the Quest for Ideal Happiness 115 Lauren Le The Qin and Han Dynasties: The Flexibility and Adaptability 120 of Military Force and Expansion Christopher Hallenbrook Lost Leviathans: The Technology of Zheng He’s Voyages 127 Mark Dwinnells A Reason to Read: Fiction-Affirming Fiction in Alice 133 Munro’s Open Secrets Nicholas Frangipane Ethnicity and Accountability: Recent American Fiction 141 Stephanie Lawrence The Modernization of Resistance: Latin American Women since 1500 145 Melanie Byam Turning Tides 153 Alex Perry Trust Us…We’re the FBI 157 Benjamin Shimp Fish to Fry 163 Aimee Rochon BRIDGEWATER STATE COLLEGE i 4 1st & 2nd Year WorK A Mother’s Courage 171 Jeremy Bragg In Technology We Trust 173 Courtney Parece A Joyful Soul: A Case History of a Bridgewater Nursing Home Resident 177 Heidi Woofenden Two Worlds 181 Blair Gulinello Marching Band 185 Stephanie Santos How to Write an Editorial 189 Gary Lowell My Paradise 193 Jun Yang Honors Thesis Reading the Gardner: Viewership, Readership, and Public Art 197 Nicole Williams Shea S cholar Award Clara Schumann: A One-Woman Musical Dynamo 209 Jean Cabral THE UNDERGRADUATE REVIEW i 5 Faculty Advisor’s Note I am very pleased to present to you Volume IV of The Undergraduate Review. The journal has grown significantly each year since the first, expanding diversity while maintaining its high quality. The mentored work you will find in this volume is wide-ranging. The Adrian Tinsley Program Grants section contains the results of the work of students who worked under the guidance of a faculty mentor during the ATP Summer Grant program. The opportunity for this ten-week research experience is open to all undergraduates, including both students with outstanding academic histories and students who show great promise. Grants are approved based on the quality of student proposals, and you will see the results of the extraordinary efforts these students produced. The section of National Conference on Undergraduate Research includes work presented at the annual conference. Student submissions face rigorous competition from applications from across the nation. The section of Honors Thesis includes portions of honors theses produced by students who pursue Departmental Honors in their major program. The section on Coursework includes submissions that were originally produced as work for a course, and the same is true for the section on First & Second Year Work. All papers included in the volume were chosen only after being scrutinized by faculty with expertise in the individual disciplines. Thus, the journal is a review of excellence, representing a cross-section of some of the best mentored research and creative work produced by Bridgewater State College undergraduate students. Production of The Undergraduate Review is made possible by the financial support of the Bridgewater Foundation, and the leadership and support of BSC President Dr. Dana Mohler-Faria. Dr. Nancy Kleniewski supports our product and our mission. Dr. Ron Pitt, my supervisor, offers advice and encouragement at every turn. I cannot give enough credit and thanks to Dr. Lee Torda and Dr. Ann Brunjes, whose significant efforts paved the way and laid the sustaining foundation for the continued success of the publication of this journal. Thanks go to Kathy Frederick in the OUR, who keeps us sane, relatively cheerful, and focused. Stacy Nistendirk, managing editor, deserves particular credit for her professionalism, commitment, and diligence. I am grateful to the faculty readers, who take on the burden of reviewing submissions and assure that the journal presents high quality work. Finally, thanks must go to the students who desired to share their work with the larger campus community. You should be proud, not only to be included in journal, but also to present your work as inspiration for students who follow your example. To each of the mentors who worked with students, whether as course instructor or long-term mentor, your dedication to the profession is highly commended. Our students could not succeed without your help and support. Laura McAlinden Co-Coordinator, Adrian Tinsley Program for Undergraduate Research Faculty Advisor to The Undergraduate Review Assistant Professor of Philosophy BRIDGEWATER STATE COLLEGE i 6 THE UNDERGRADUATE REVIEW ATP Grants The Undergraduate Review Vol. IV BRIDGEWATER STATE COLLEGE THE UNDERGRADUATE REVIEW Horace Mann’s Vision in Action: Bridgewater Normal School’s Female Teachers Casey Rekowski Casey graduated summa cum laude from Abstract Bridgewater State College in May of 007, hrough a close reading of Horace Mann’s archival material including earning a Bachelor of Arts in History and official documents and speeches, this paper argues that